New Research in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Major Depression PDF
Preview New Research in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Major Depression
brain sciences New Research in Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder and Major Depression Edited by Bruno Aouizerate and Emmanuel Haffen Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Brain Sciences www.mdpi.com/journal/brainsci New Research in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Major Depression New Research in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Major Depression SpecialIssueEditors BrunoAouizerate EmmanuelHaffen MDPI•Basel•Beijing•Wuhan•Barcelona•Belgrade Special Issue Editors Bruno Aouizerate Poˆle de Psychiatrie Ge´ene´rale et Universitaire, Centre de re´fe´rence re´gional des pathologies anxieuses et de la de´pression, Centre Expert De´pression Re´sistante FondaMental, CH Charles Perrens, NutriNeuro, UMR INRA 1286, Universite´ de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France France Emmanuel Haffen University Hospital of Besanc¸on France Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425) in 2018 (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/brainsci/ special_issues/OCD_major_depression) For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName,A.A.; LastName,B.B.; LastName,C.C.ArticleTitle. JournalNameYear,ArticleNumber, PageRange. ISBN978-3-03921-090-9(Pbk) ISBN978-3-03921-091-6(PDF) (cid:2)c 2019bytheauthors. ArticlesinthisbookareOpenAccessanddistributedundertheCreative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon publishedarticles,aslongastheauthorandpublisherareproperlycredited,whichensuresmaximum disseminationandawiderimpactofourpublications. ThebookasawholeisdistributedbyMDPIunderthetermsandconditionsoftheCreativeCommons licenseCCBY-NC-ND. Contents AbouttheSpecialIssueEditors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii BrunoAouizerateandEmmanuelHaffen NewResearchinObsessive-CompulsiveDisorderandMajorDepression Reprintedfrom:BrainSci.2019,9,140,doi:10.3390/brainsci9060140 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 J´erˆome Brunelin, Marine Mondino, R´emy Bation, Ulrich Palm, Mohamed Saoud and Emmanuel Poulet Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review Reprintedfrom:BrainSci.2018,8,37,doi:10.3390/brainsci8020037. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 MarionRochet,WissamEl-Hage,SamiRicha,Franc¸oisKazourandBorianaAtanasova Depression,Olfaction,andQualityofLife:AMutualRelationship Reprintedfrom:BrainSci.2018,8,80,doi:10.3390/brainsci8050080. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 DjamilaBennabiandEmmanuelHaffen Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS): A Promising Treatment for Major DepressiveDisorder? Reprintedfrom:BrainSci.2018,8,81,doi:10.3390/brainsci8050081. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 XavierBriffault,MargotMorgie`veandPhilippeCourtet Frome-Healthtoi-Health: ProspectiveReflexionsontheUseofIntelligentSystemsinMental HealthCare Reprintedfrom:BrainSci.2018,8,98,doi:10.3390/brainsci8060098. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 HuguesLamothe,Jean-MarcBaleyte,PaulineSmith,AntoinePelissoloandLucMallet IndividualizedImmunologicalDataforPreciseClassificationofOCDPatients Reprintedfrom:BrainSci.2018,8,149,doi:10.3390/brainsci8080149 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 v About the Special Issue Editors Bruno Aouizerate Bruno Aouizerate is professor of psychiatry at the University of Bordeaux (France). He is the head of the regional reference center for the assessment and management of anxietyanddepressivedisorders(HospitalCharlesPerrens,Bordeaux)andanactivememberand coordinatoroftheFrenchnetworkofExpertCentersforResistantDepressionwithintheFondation FondaMental. Healsobelongstothenutritionandpsychoneuroimmunologyresearchteaminthe NutriNeurolaboratory(UMRINRA1286,Bordeaux). Hehascoordinatedorparticipatedinseveral funded human research projects mainly focused on the study of pathophysiological determinants andtherapeuticapplicationsinmajordepressionandobsessive-compulsivedisorder.Heisincharge oftheaxis“Mentaldisorders”oftheFHU“Diagnosis, PreventionandTreatmentofNeurological, Psychiatric,MetabolicandSleepDisorders”. Finally,hehasauthoredmorethan100peer-reviewed publications. Emmanuel Haffen (MD, PhD, University Hospital of Besanc¸on) is professor of psychiatry at the UniversityHospitalofBesanc¸on.HeleadstheLaboratoryofClinicalandIntegrativeNeurosciencesof theUniversityofBourgogneFranche-Comte´andtheCenterofClinicalInvestigationoftheUniversity HospitalofBesanc¸on(CIC1431-INSERM).HecoordinatestheresearchnetworksoftheFondation FondaMentalandisthepresidentofAFPBN(FrenchAssociationofBiologicalPsychiatry,memberof theWFSBP). vii brain sciences Editorial New Research in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Major Depression BrunoAouizerate1,*andEmmanuelHaffen2,* 1 PôledePsychiatrieGénéraleetUniversitaire,Centrederéférencerégionaldespathologiesanxieusesetdela dépression,CentreExpertDépressionRésistanteFondaMental,CHCharlesPerrens,NutriNeuro, UMRINRA1286,UniversitédeBordeaux,33076Bordeaux,France 2 ServicedePsychiatrie,CIC-1431INSERM,CHUdeBesançon,laboratoiredeNeurosciences, univ.Bourgogne-Franche-Comté,25030Créteil,France * [email protected](B.A.);emmanuel.haff[email protected](E.H.) Received:13June2019;Accepted:14June2019;Published:17June2019 Major depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are among the most frequent psychiatricdisordersinthegeneralpopulation.Theyarealsofrequentlyassociatedwithoneanother indailyclinicalpractice.Theygeneratesevereemotionaldistressandmarkedimpairmentingeneral functioning. Theyarebothcharacterizedbyachronicand/orrecurrentcourse,therebyleadingto aprofounddeteriorationofqualityoflife. Despitesignificantadvancesinpharmacologicaland psychologicaltherapies,20–30%ofpatientsstillrespondunsuccessfullytostandardmedicaltreatment strategiesforthesedisorders.Inthiscontext,oneofthemajoroutstandingresearchchallengesistobetter identifyprecisephenotypicprofilesthroughthevalidationofinnovativenumericaltools,enablingthe onlinerecordingandmonitoringofthecognitive,emotional,andbehavioralcomponentsunderlying theexpressionofclinicalphenotypes. ThisisnicelyaddressedinthearticlebyBriffaultetal.[1] fromtheperspectiveofopeningnew“symptomsnetworks”forthepromotionofmorehomogenous diagnosticcategoriesinpsychiatry.Inparallel,thedevelopmentofrelevantexperimentalparadigmsis usefulfortheassessmentofdisturbancesinsensoryprocessesrelatedtotheolfactorysphere,whichare classicallyobservedinmajordepression,aspartofthecoredimensions/symptoms,suchasanhedonia, primarilyreferringtoareducedfeelingofpleasurefromusuallyenjoyableactivities. Thiskindof researchreceivesparticularattentionfromRochetetal.[2]consideringbothanatomicalandfunctional findingsandrelyingonatranslationalapproachrangingfromlaboratoryanimalmodelstohumans forthedeterminationofthebrainregionsthataremorecommonlyimplicatedinolfaction,hedonic processes, andmajordepression. Additionally, thereisalargebodyofliteraturesupportingthe implicationofbiologicalmechanisms,amongwhichimmunefunctionwithanabnormalinflammatory responseismostoftencited. This“inflammatory”theory,whichwaslargelydocumentedinthe areaofdepression,wasmorerecentlyextendedtoOCD,asinthearticlebyLamotheetal.[3]which examinescytokineprofilesandwhitebloodcellpopulations. Theauthorshavealsoinvestigated relationships with streptococcal infections and the PANDAS generating a large constellation of neuropsychiatricconditions,especiallyincludingOCDthatismainlymediatedbydisruptioninthe basalganglia,whichareparticularlyvulnerabletoantineuronalantibodiesrelyingonstimulated autoimmuneprocesses.Beyondthedescriptionofthesepathophysiologicaldeterminants,thearticles byBrunelinetal.[4]andBennabietal.[5]arerespectivelydedicatedtotherapeuticchallengesin theutilizationofthenon-invasivebrainstimulationtechniquetDCSinchronicformsofOCDand majordepressionthatareunresponsivetotheconventionalmedicaltreatments.Althoughdataare stillscarce,tDCSseemstorepresentapromisingalternativeforthemanagementofmajordepression andOCDinsubstantiallyreducingtheclinicalseveritywithrelativelygoodtolerability. However, thesebeneficialeffectsremaintobefurtherconfirmedinlargerandcontrolledstudiesinorderto alleviatethemethodologicalconcernsthatcouldberaisedinthealreadypublishedtrials.Toconclude, BrainSci.2019,9,140;doi:0.3390/brainsci9060140 1 www.mdpi.com/journal/brainsci
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