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American Fern Journal 97(2):113-123 (2007) New and from Bolivia Brazil Records Pteridophytes of Paulo Labiak H. 81531-980, Universidade Federal do Parana, Departamento de Botanica, C.P. 19031, PR, Brazil Curitiba, Prado Jefferson de Botanica, Caixa Postal 4005, 01061-970, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Instituto we made few Abstract.— Based on herbarium specimens and recent collections in the last years, and/or have found 19 species that are for the first time recorded for Bolivia (9 species) Brazil (12 known and taxonomic specimen comments about previously distributions, species). Full citations, new Adiantum, mostly records are for species of notes are presented for all species. In Bolivia, all new from lowland regions in northern and eastern Bolivia. In Brazil, most of the records are for One southern neighboring countries. record for Amazonian near the boundaries witli is Brazil, Mar Venezuelan-Guayanan Shield and the Serra do between showing disjunction Bahia, a clear Mountains northeastern Brazil. in most complete remains the Despite age, Martius's Flora Brasiliensis still its by Baker pteridophytes treatment of reference about the Brazilian flora. Its most important compilation of Brazilian ferns. represents the (1870) still om estimate the diversity of nowadays impossible use only this flora to to it is but Other about Brazilian ferns exists, is pteridophytes in Brazil. literature it and groups monographs genera, or of species, of specific families, scattered in Based mainly on these often present only a regional diversity of the group. 1,200-1,300 species of Prado estimated and herbarium (1998) data, literature new even more. however, data suggest and lycophytes for Brazil; ferns some well While preparing several local and regional floras in Brazil, as as new we deserve monographic found records of ferns that world-wide studies, known Many from neighboring well mention. of the species are special and and Colombia, Ecuador, Peru), their Venezuela, Guianas, countries (e.g., For example, the boundary might be expected. regions occurrence in many mountains (Roraima, Neblina, Para- Venezuelan-Guayanan Shield has aima many described based mainly on specimens from the species recently Guianan Smith, 1990). Venezuelan and/or sides (e.g., new recorus wt most the species listed as ot Srazil, m share with Brazil simi neighboring countries that Amazon For example, the pteridoplr Basin. pes in the spec and both countries share several similar, livia is which some here presented. are of with One new presented southern Bahia State, a clear record for is Andes and/or montane environments the between in the disjunction and northeastern Brazil. Venezuelan-Guayanan Shield, the forests of AMKRICAN 114 FERN VOLUMK NUMHKR JOURNAL: 97 2 (2007) moment At the no there is florist ic project for the Brazilian pteridophyte whole, and flora as a the species here considered we belong groups have to that recently studied and which for the determinations could be corroborated. Other more poorly studied groups new are likely sources of records for Brazil and Bolivia, but taxonomic revisions are needed problems still to clarify of species circumscription. For most Bolivia, the recent paper on the pteridophyte was diversity published by Smith They etal. (1999). presented 145 species and one new variety as records for the country. The authors commented about the difficulty of estimating the diversity of the group known An in a floristically poorly ongoing area. flora project of Bolivian pteridophytes by M. & Kessler A. Smith comm.) R. (pers. will shortly provide a treatment full of the ca. 1,150 Bolivian pteridophyte species. As pointed out by Smith among et (1999) the pteridophytes al. of Bolivia new there are a lot of records and undescribed species already represented in herbarium which collections, have partly been described by & Lei linger Prado (2001), Prado & Smith Smith & Prado (2002), Prado & (2004), (2005a), Kessler Smith Kessler (2005), et al. (2005a), Kessler et (2005b), Kessler & Mickel al. Kessler & Smith (2006), (2006), Kessler and Prado et al. (2006), (2006). we Here some present them new of as records for Bolivia corroborating the expectation Smith of some et al. (1999). Until recently of these species were considered endemic as to Brazil [Acliantuni omithopodum, and A. senae, A. sinuosum) Peru poeppigianum or {A. and A. scalare). Our main goal in this paper is to add taxa not listed before in the older and more recent literature to tin; pteridophytes of Bolivia and Brazil, as well as to call attention that the taxa cited here have wider a range of distribution than known. previously Adiantum Maxon anceps & Morton, Amor. C. V. Fern 15-17. 24: 1934. J. The concavely acuminate ultimate segments separate this species from Adiantum peruvianum, most the similar species. Distribution and Ecolocy.— known Previously from Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru (Tryon & Stolze, 1989); reported here from grows Bolivia. in forests It along meandering streams in valleys. Specimen Studikd.—BOLIVIA. La Sud Paz: Prov. Yungas, Rio Inicua, 15 29'S. Nov 67 13'W, 550 m, 17 1996, D. Lara 95 (LPB). Adiantum decoratum Maxon & Weath., Amer. Bot. 19: 165. 1932. J. This species can be easily recognized by atropurpureous and its petiole with rachises, dense, spreading, dark brown The scales. scales are entire or and denticulate each has a filiform apex. Distribution and Ecolocy.— known Previously from Mexico, Mesoamerica, northern Colombia, French Cuiana, and Peru (Lellinger, 1989; Jenny, 1995; Mickel & Smith, Smith 2004; 2005; Smith & et Boudrie, comm.). al., pers. Until AND NEW FROM BRAZIL 115 RECORDS BOLIVIA LABIAK PRADO: & Choco was known South America only from in species in recently, this Peru been reported & but has recently for Colombia (Mickel Smith, 2004), it grows along meandering streams in (Smith 2005). In Brazil in forests et it al., valleys in steep, hilly terrain. Mun. Rosa do Purus, BRAZIL. Santa Studied.— Acre: Specimen : m W. 250 ca. Mar diogoanum Adiantum by rachises with large scales (3-4 cells recognized the This species can be with and pubescent indusia margins and pectinate bases, wide) with ciliate brown reddish hairs. and and Ecology.—Colombia, Ecuador, Peru (Smith et al., 2005), Distribution now from where was found in forests recorded Bolivia, Brazil (Prado, 2000); it 100-1200 m. at M Campo Campamento Specimens Studied. 66°4'W, • 8'S, km mani 107 W Nor Yungas, puente sobre Rio Beni, al Aug Beck 851 (LPB); Prov. el 1983, S. G. 1 Mar km 67 23'W, 550 m, 30 1986, S. G. mismo, 15°32'S, oeste del 9 hacia, Litoral, Rurrenabaque, Serrania Suse, Pilon Lajas, Beck 13368 Prov. Ballivian, (LPB); M m W. 505 km Grande, Vallegrande, 18 Quevedo 340 (MO). Prov. Valle W. 550 m, 1995, M. 9 lul Adiantum dolosum Kunze, Linnaea 21: 219. 1848. long The pinnae with approximately equilateral bases, the single, sori entire good and the partialy areolate veins are features to on each side of the pinna, distinguish this species. and French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Ecology.—Venezuela, and Distribution from reported here Bolivia, & Cremers, 1997); (Smith Lellinger, 1995; Brazil Amazonian 130 m. where was found forests at in it comunidad Santa Rosa, Manuripi, BOLIVIA. Pando: Prov. Studied.— Specimen entrando por Valparaiso, Madre de Dios desde Riberalta, por arriba el rio Nov Jimenez 2023 (LPB). 66"10'W, 130 m, 8 2003, 10 52'S, I. Lindm antum incertum Adiantum Lam. and can be group latifolium belongs the of This species to and pinnules 2-pinnate laminae, rhizomes, by long-creeping recognized easily i AMERICAN 116 KERN VOLUME JOURNAL: NUMBER 97 2 (2007) abaxially bearing hairlike scales with lew Adiantum a basal processes. humile Minze and A. termination Kunze ex Miq. are similar to A. incertum, but they by differ the nodose, short-creeping rhizome, and the septate on hairs the abaxial lamina surface. Distribution and Ecology.— Paraguay and (Landman, Brazil Prado & 1903; Lellinger, 2002). Here recorded from where Bolivia, grows inside along forest it river margins, 150-250 m. Specimens Studied.— BOLIVIA. Santa Cruz: Prov. Velasco, Parque Nacional Noel Kemnff Mercado. Arroyo Las Lontras; bosque de sartenejal, Parcela W Arroyo 1375b L. (NY). Beni: Prov. Ballivian, Espfritu en zona de la influencia Tl ^J ^ I 1 . ^ A ^ 1 t— ^ * . - _ w, cumo Tech High School Rio Colorado, at 14 55 67 5'W, 235 m, Fay 'S, 13 1990, A. Jul (MO) m N inundado altura 400 a Rio al del Curiraba, 14 37'S,66 22'W, 250 24 in, Dec M. Moraes 1987, 954 Cochabamba: (LPB). Carrasco, Puerto Villarroel, propiedad de Bernardino Rodriguez, lado de al la carretera Ivirgarzama-Puerto (LPB). um ornithonodum 1869. 75. The color of the stalks passing into the segment bases, quadrangulate to trapeziform median segments with rounded apices, glabrous rachises, as well as glabrous segments on both surfaces distinguish this species. Distribute and Egolouy.— Brazil (Prado, 2004); reported here the time for first from where Bolivia, grows drough-deciduous in Chiquitano it forest. Specimens Studied.— BOLIVIA. Santa Cruz: Prov. Velasco, San Tuanito ca. km N 30 de San al Ignacio, 16 14'S, 60 58'W, 400 m, 05 Apr 1986, Beck S. G. W 400 m, 25 Jun 1986, Saidel 689 R. (LPB). Adiantum patens Willd., Sp. pi. ed. 439. 1810. 4, 5: The blade architecture is a distinctive character of The this species. laminae are ovate nearly to circular in outline, with recurved 2 rachises, each rachis bearing pinnules on only the basiscopic side. Superficially resembles Adiantum pedatum common L., a species North America. in Distribution and Ecology.— Mexico, Mesoamerica, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Peru, Bolivia (Lellinger, 1989; Tryon & Stolze, 1989; Jermy, 1995; Mickel & Smith, 2004); here reported from where was Brazil, found it growing 860 m, dry at in forests. AND NEW FROM BRAZIL 117 RECORDS BOLIVIA LABIAK & PRADO: PNU, A. BRAZIL. Ceara: Planalto da Ibiapaba, Jim 1978, Studied.— Specimen Mat A. os J. Adiantum Adiantum poeppigianum (Kuhn) Hieron., Hedwigia 48: 231. 1909. poeppigianum Kuhn, Kongl. Bot. Gart. Berlin Sw. Jahrb. lucidum (Cav.) var. 1881. 340. 1: pinna by dark color of the stalks can be distinguished the This species and midveins of the pinnae the distinct bases of the continuing into the pinnae. & reported here for the Ecology.—Peru (Tryon Stolze, 1989); and Distribution 500 m. from time Rio Colorado, Colegio Studied.—BOLIVIA. Beni: Prov. Ballivian, Specimens Fay 67°10"W, 24 Jun 1989, A. Agropecuario de Rio Colorado, 15 00'S, Tecnico de Sapecho, & La Sud Yungas, Alto Beni, cerca Fay 2127 Paz: Prov. (LPB). L. J Mad Mun. Sena Antonio and Igarape Boa Esperanga, Nova between Igarape Santo Olinda, Mun. Assis Daly 7972 (NY); Brasil, 69°13'W, 29 Oct 1993, D. C. et al. 10°07'S, Colocagao Sao Francisco, bank, Seringal Rio Purus, Rio Acre, basin of left W. Mar 26 Mu Mun. Marechal 10034 Mar Daly (NY); 1999, D. et C. al. m May W, 6 Adiantum ruizianum Klotzsch, Linnaea 18: 551. 1845. lzomes ments mar veins ending in sinuses. & Smith Ecology.—Peru and Bolivia (Tryon Stolze, 1989; et al., and Distribution from near the Bolivian border. time Brazil, reported here for the first 1999); Mun. do Pitacanudo, BRAZIL. Mato Grosso: Caceres, Serra Studied.— Specimen HB, UEC). Nov 182 (GH, 57 40'W, 2 1987, A. Salino 16°5'S, 1957. 141-142, Adiantum M. Tryon, Amer. Fern 47: tab. 15. scalare R. J. pubescent narrowly pinnae that are has deltate species This very distinct The brown with small auricle on the acroscopic side. a abaxially (long hairs) and continuous on each side of the pinna. indusia are linear known only from Peru (Tryon & Stolze, Ecology.—Previously and Distribution time and Ecuador (j0rgensen & Leon-Yanez, 1999); here for the first 1989) 118 AMERICAN FERN JOURNAL: VOLUME NUMBER 07 2 (2007) reported from and Bolivia growing on Brazil, Terra Firme with palms and bamboo [Guadua). Specimens Studied.— BOLIVIA. La Paz: Prov. Canton San Iturralde, de Jose W M pica hacia serranfa de Toregua, Bosque amazonico la Estacional hiimedo, en M BRAZIL. Acre: Mini. Cruzeiro do Sul, Reserva do Extrativista Alto ) W, Mar 11 M M W Adianlum senae London Baker, Bot. 23: 217. 1885. J. This species has a very small size (2.5-6 cm flexuous and tall), rachises, mm diminute, flabelate pinnules (2-3 long) each with only one sorus on the distal side. Distribution and Ecology.— known Previously only from Brazil: reported here the time from for Bolivia. grows on first calcareous rocks open It in places. Specimen Studied.—BOLIVIA. Santa Cruz: Prov. Velasco, campamento Las margen Torres, del Rio Tienes, frontera con Matto NE Groso, lado de la km Serranfa de Huanchaca, 24 S de Flor de Oro, 50 km N al del Rio Verde, al May 13 39'S, 60 48'W, 400 m, 26 1991, M. Pena-Chocarro 316 (L1M3). Adiantum sinuosum Gardner Hooker, in Ic. pi. 6: tab. 504. 1843. This very is a distinct species in having laminae up 3-pinnato to proximally, yellowish rhizome scales, roundish flabellale to pinnules, and oblong to strongly lunate indusia. Distribution and Ecology.— known Previously only from Brazil (Prado, 2005b): reported here for the first time from Bolivia. grows on open It places, near the base of shrubs. Specimens Studied.— BOLIVIA. Santa Cruz: Prov. Velasco, Parque Nacional M U 7 C) W, May 150 m, 1994, Mostacedo 1498 (MO) B. 1 Mi- 500 m, 5 Ian 1997, A. Soto 478 (MO) Bolbitis oligarchica Hennipman, (Baker) Amer. Fern 65: 1975. 30. J. Acrostichum oligarchicum Baker Hooker & in Baker, Syn. 418. 1868. Fil. The buds proliferous in the axils (or on stalks) of the pinnae and the usually reduced greatly single pair of proximal pinnae readily distinguish this species. NEW FROM AND LABIAK PRADO: RECORDS BOLIVIA BRAZIL & 119 — and and Ecology. Mesoamerica, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia Distribution & Tryon & Hennipman & (Murillo-Pullido Harker-Usech, 1990; Stolze, 1991; Moran, 1995); reported here for the first time from Brazil. Inside wet forests on steep slopes. — BRAZIL. Acre: Mun. Mancio Lima, Bacia do Alto Rio Specimen Studied. Jurua, Amor, Moa, Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, fundo do vale do Igarape do 7 26'55"S, 73 39'41"W, 16 Tun 1996, M. Silveira et al. 1361 (NY). Lellingeria phlegmaria Sm.) A. R. Sm. & R. C. Moran, Amer. Fern. 81: 86. J. (J. London 1991. Polypodium phlegmaria Sm., Bot. 194. 1842. 1: J. J. This species can be recognized by linear-deltate, dark, rigid, glabrous its cm and scales, linear laminae with short segments (up to 1 long), superficial or Sm. & sunken resembles Lellingeria depressa Chr.) A. R. R. slightly sori. (C. It which C. Moran, a species restricted to the Atlantic Forest in Brazil, has broader laminae and deeply sunken sori. — Distribution and Ecology. Antilles, Honduras, Costa Rica, Colombia, Vene- & Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia (Moran 1995; Bishop Smith, 1995; zuela, et al., now known Kessler & Smith, pers. comm.), and from Brazil. is Specimen Studied.—BRAZIL. Roraima: Dec 1909, E. Ule 8523 (MG). Pleopeltis repanda A. R. Sm., Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 77: 259. 1990. and The entire laminae with undulate or repand margins, the discrete sori lacking paraphyses are good characters to distinguish this species from its macrocarpa closest relatives in the genus, such as Pleopetis (Bory ex Willd.) Neurodium lanceolatum Fee, Kaulf. (Smith, 1990). also similar to (L.) is It monotypic genus by having the confluent in marginal a that differs sori coenosori. — Venezuela and and Ecology. This species occurs in eastern Distribution Guyana Smith, comm.), and here reported from (Smith, 1990; A. R. pers. is northern addition the collection cited below, there a collection Brazil. In to is we from "Ceara, Guaramiranga", Nov 1897, Hueber gl20 (MG), which /. number was and were each believe mislabeled. Collector, locality, collection annotated with three distinct handwritings on the label, casting doubt on the would repanda information. Occurrence of in northeastern Brazil label P. considerably amplify the distribution of this species. — om BRAZIL. Roraima Specimen Studied. Km Nov 11-2 do marco BV-9, Cordilheira Pacaraima, 3440 24 1979, N, ft, & Nascimento 3538 (MG). O. C. ;a Tectaria draconoptera (D. C. Eaton) Copel., Philipp. Sci. 2C: 410. 1907. J. Mem. Aspidium draconopterum D. Eaton, Amer. Acad. Arts, 211. C. n.s., 8: 1860. AMERICAN VOLUME NUMBER FERN JOURNAL: 120 97 2 (2007) This species can be recognized by rhizomes, proximal pinna erect pair its connected above by and to the pair the alate rachis, small, exindnsiate sori in more rows between main four or irregular veins. lateral — Distribution and Ecology. Mesoamerica, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia (Murillo-Pullido & Harker-Usech, 1990; Tryon & Stolze, 1991; Moran, 1995; now Navarrete, 2001; M. Kessler & A. Smith, comm.), and reported R. pers. for Brazil. grows in primary forests on Terra Firme in Acre State, steep hills It many dissected by small streams. — BRAZIL. Mun. Specimens Studied. Acre: Brasileia, basin of Rio Purus, upper Mar Rio Acre, Colonia Santo Antonio, 10°56'29"S, 69 15'41"W, 29 1998, D. C. Bom Km Dalyet al 9882 (HPZ, NY); Mun. Futuro, Associagao Chico Mendes, km 52 of Brasileia-Assis Brasil road, 18 on Ramal (side road) "Tocandeira", May 10 44'41"S, 69 2'57"W, 18 2003, D. Daly al 11891 (NY). C. et Terpsichore asplenifolia (L.) A. R. Sm., Novon 479. 1993. Polypodium 3: asplenifolium Sp. 1084. 1753. L., pi. 2: This species can be recognized in having ciliate scales on the stems, up to mm 2 long, ciliate sporangia, and unforked veins. Terpsichore chrysleri Sm. (Copel.) A. R. similar, differing by longer scales on the stem (up is its to mm), and 6 forked veins. — Distribution and Ecology. Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Vene- Antilles, zuela, Trinidad, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia (Moran 1995; Bishop & Smith, al, et M. & now 1995; Kessler A. R. Smith, pers. comm.), and reported from Brazil. — RPPN SreciMKN Studikd. BRAZIL. Bahia: Mun. Camacan, Serra Bonita, 835 m, 15 23'30"S, 39 33'55"W, Feb 2005, Matos al 308 (CEPEC). 3 F. B. et membranacea Thelypteris M. Rhodora Tryon, (Mett.) R. 69: 1967. 7. membranacea Phegopteris Mett., Lechl. 1859. Fil. 2: 22. Within Thelypteris subgenus Meniscium, species can be distinguished this by the relatively thin laminae, appressed, thin costal hairs, buds in the axils of proximal and pinnae, straight secondary veins that unite create very narrow to areolos. — Distribution and Ecology, Colombia, Peru and (Smith, 1992), Bolivia (M. & Kessler A. R. Smith, pers. comm.), reported here the time from for Brazil. first wet on Iu forests steep slopes. — BRAZIL. Mun. Mancio Sit-cimen Studikd. Acre: Lima, Bacia do Alto Rio Jurua, Moa, Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Morro Queimado, ao longo do Igarape do Amor, C May 7 28'0"S, 73 37'27"W, 6 1996, M. Silveira 1249 (NY). et al. Thelypteris opulenta Fosberg, Smithsonian (Kaulf.) Contr. Bot. 1972. 8: 3. Aspidium opulentum Kaulf., Eiium. 238. 1824. Fil.: NEW FROM AND LABIAK & PRADO: RECORDS BOLIVIA BRAZIL 121 This species belongs the subgenus Cyclosorus and can be recognized by to sessile or short-stalked, deeply pinnatifid pinnae, not reduced proximal round pinnae, prolonged laminar apices, supramedial, sori confined to the pinna lobes, and indusia with glands margins and sometimes also with at hairs. — Distribution and Ecology. Mesoamerica, Antilles, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia (A. R. Smith, pers. comm.). It also occurs in Africa and Asia (Smith, 1992). According to Smith (1992), is is it common an introduced and species in Peru. Here reported from Brazil as it is widely distributed in Acre State. In open forests with palms and scattered bamboo [Guada). — Specimens BRAZIL. Acre: Mun. Porto Acre, Reserva Floretal de Sri 'died. & Mar Humaita, Beira do Rio Acre, 6°53'S, 66°32'W, 22 1995, Figueiredo I C. Riveiro 751 (NY); Mun. Manoel Urbano, Rio Chandless (tributary of Rio Purus), Mar Daly right bank, "Canamari", 9 23'0.6"S, 69 56'41"W, 19 2002, D. C. et al. 11458 (NY); Mun. Manoel Urbano, Rio Chandless (tributary of Rio Purus), right Mar bank, "Ananai", 9°28'23"S, 70 01'03"W, 20 2002, D. C. Daly et al 11498 RADAM-Sub-base (NY); Cruzeiro do Sul, Projeto de Cruzeiro do Sul Ponto 2- - SB-18-ZB, 16 Feb 1968, Marinho 204 (NY); vicinity of Aldeota, Rio Jurua- L. R. May Maas Moa, Mirim, 24 1971, M. al Pi 3304 (NY); vicinity of Serra da P. et J. 24 Apr 1971, G. Prance et al 12428 (NY); basin of Rio Jurua, Rio Jurua - T. May Daly Mirim, bank, "Vista Alegre", 8°8'2"S, 72 49'45"W, 15 2003, D. C. left km al 11858 (NY); Comunidade Assis Brasil, Ramal do Pentecoste, 10, et Ramal sem nome AC-AM, Campinarana de a direita, divisa entre e Floresta Baixio, 7°31'17"S, 72 51'15"W, 0-200 m, 23 Oct 2001, Prado et al 1333 c. /. (HPZ, Mun. Mancio Lima, Volta da Aurora, mata na varzea do Rio Moa, SP); m 7°33'26"S, 72 55'30"W, 0-200 14 Oct 2001, Prado et al 1144 (HPZ, c. alt., /. May Mun. Xapuri, margem do Rio Xapuri, mata de varzea, 19 2001, SP); direita Lohmann & de Oliveira 598 (NY); Mun. Marechal Thaumaturgo, G. E. C. L. Dec basin of Rio Jurua, Rio Tejo, right bank, 9°2'52"S, 72°15'59"W, 3 2000, D. C. Mun. Daly al 10366 (NY); Santa Rosa, Rio Chandless, tributary of Rio Purus, et Mar right bank, "Canamari", 9°22'59"S, 69 56'38"W, 28 1999, D. C. Daly et al 10158 (NY); Rio Purus, bank, Colocagao Santa Helena, trail to Rio Envira, left n 9°7'48"S, 70 10'37"W, 26 Oct 2001, D. C. Daly et al 11098 (NY); Idem, Rio Chambuiacu, right-bank tributary of Rio Purus defining border with Peru, 9 34'13"S, 70°35'23", 14 Mar 2002, D. C. Daly et al 11327 (NY); Mun. Sena km Madureira, Vic. of road Sena Madureira to Rio Branco, 29 Sep 1968, G. T. 7, Prance al 7662 (NY); Rio Macaua, Seringal Riozinho, Colocagao Provenir, et 9 43'S, 69°7'W, 31 Mar 1994, L. de Lima et al 553 (HPZ, NY). Acknowledgments We thank Andre M. Amorim and Fernando Bittencourt Matos for making their collections from Moran southern Bahia available for this study. Jefferson Prado thanks also Robbin (NY) for We assistance and hospitality during his visit to NY. thank also Alan Smith (UC) for corrections . AMERICAN VOLUME NUMBER FERN JOURNAL: 122 97 (2007) 2 comments GNPq and on ho manuscript. This study received financial support of the (Proc. 303867/ t 2004-3). Literature Cited Baker, G. 1870. Gyatheaceae el Polypodiaceae. In C. F. P. Martins and A. G. Eichler, eds. Flora J. Brasiliensis, part Flcicher. 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Psilotaceae a Salviniaceae. In G. Davidse;, M. Sousa and S. Knapp, gen., eds. Flora Mesoamericana. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Giudad de Mexico, volumen 1 Murillo-Pullido, M. T. and M. A. Harker-Usech. 1990. Helechos plantas alines de Golombia. v Academia Golombiana de Giencias Exactas Naturales. Golecoion Alvarez y Jorge Lleras, N. 2:1-323. Navakkkte, H. 2001. Helechos comunes de la Amazonia haja ecuatoriana. Editorial Simbioo, Quito.