New Political Economy of Energy in Europe: Power to Project, Power to Adapt

281 Pages·2019·2.8 MB·English

by  Jakub M. Godzimirski

INTERNATIONAL
POLITICAL ECONOMY SERIES
SERIES EDITOR: TIMOTHY M. SHAW
New Political Economy
of Energy in Europe
Power to Project, Power to Adapt
Edited by
Jakub M. Godzimirski
International Political Economy Series
Series Editor
Timothy M. Shaw
Visiting Professor
University of Massachusetts
Boston, USA
Emeritus Professor
University of London, UK
The global political economy is in flux as a series of cumulative crises
impacts its organization and governance. The IPE series has tracked its
development in both analysis and structure over the last three decades. It
has always had a concentration on the global South. Now the South
increasingly challenges the North as the centre of development, also
reflected in a growing number of submissions and publications on indebted
Eurozone economies in Southern Europe. An indispensable resource for
scholars and researchers, the series examines a variety of capitalisms and
connections by focusing on emerging economies, companies and sectors,
debates and policies. It informs diverse policy communities as the
established trans-Atlantic North declines and ‘the rest’, especially the
BRICS, rise.
More information about this series at
http://www.palgrave.com/gp/series/13996
Jakub M. Godzimirski
Editor
New Political
Economy of Energy
in Europe
Power to Project, Power to Adapt
Editor
Jakub M. Godzimirski
Norwegian Institute of
International Affairs (NUPI)
Oslo, Norway
International Political Economy Series
ISBN 978-3-319-93359-7 ISBN 978-3-319-93360-3 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93360-3
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A
cknowledgements
This book is one of the deliverables of the EUNOR project, financed by
the Research Council of Norway (RCN). The authors and the editor are
deeply grateful for this funding, which made publication of this volume
possible. The EUNOR project—‘Europe in transition: Small states and
Europe in an age of global shifts’—has involved prominent Norwegian
and international experts on the EU and its broader interactions. The aim
has been to elucidate aspects of EU policy with implications for various
groups of countries, focusing on how the EU and small states—including
Norway—go about adapting to changing EU, and global, conditions.
Dr Pernille Rieker at the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs
(NUPI) has served as project coordinator. In addition, many other mem-
bers of the project team have provided invaluable comments on earlier
drafts of the chapters presented in this volume. In particular I wish to
thank Ulf Sverdrup, Kristin Haugevik, Arne Melchior, Nina Græger and
Christophe Hillion at NUPI, as well as Finn Arnesen and Frederik Sejersted
at the University of Oslo, and many other colleagues, for their comments
and inspiration.
The EUNOR Project Energy Work Package has focused on how the
EU and other actors with stakes in energy policy have been reacting to the
changing framework conditions of the global energy market. How are
energy relations between the EU and various groups of actors influenced
by the EU’s use of its regulatory and market power? And how have exter-
nal suppliers of energy to the EU and its member states been dealing with
these issues?
v
vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This volume is the result of the collective efforts of members of the core
EUNOR energy team and the scholars who were invited to contribute to
this book, to broaden its geographical scope and provide additional
insights into the complex field of EU energy policymaking and its wider
impacts. Activities in this Work Package have been coordinated by Dr
Jakub M. Godzimirski, Research Professor at NUPI. The core EUNOR
energy team included Dr Svein S. Andersen of the Norwegian Business
School (BI); Dr Ole Gunnar Austvik, who during the realization of the
project divided his time between the Norwegian Business School (BI), the
Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at Harvard Kennedy
School and the Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences; Dr Andreas
Goldthau from the Central European University in Budapest, who also
spent some time during the realization of the project at the Belfer Center
for Science and International Affairs at Harvard Kennedy School and is
now Professor of International Relations at the Royal Holloway, University
of London; Dr Nick Sitter, Professor of Political Economy at the
Norwegian Business School (BI) and Professor of Public Policy at the
Central European University in Budapest; and finally Dr Indra Overland,
Research Professor and Head of the Energy Programme at NUPI.
When after several rounds of deliberation we decided to go for publica-
tion of a fully fledged volume in the Palgrave International Political
Economy (IPE) series, we co-opted several leading national experts on
energy to make contributions and to shed light on national adaptations to
EU energy regulatory requirements and expectations. Dr Kirsten Westphal
of the Berlin-based Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik (SWP) has contrib-
uted a chapter on Germany’s approaches to these questions; the chapter
by Dr Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Fyk of the Polish Institute of International
Affairs deals with Poland’s adaptation; and Dr Vija Pakalkaitė of the
Central European University (Budapest) and Joshua Posaner of
POLITICO were invited to cover the approaches of the three Baltic states
in this context.
My deepest thanks go to all members of the project team for their con-
tributions—without you and your efforts, this volume would never have
been possible.
The current form of the book owes very much to Susan Høivik, our
long-standing language editor and guide, who has done a great job of
removing the linguistic and occasional logical inconsistencies in the ten
chapters presented here.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT S vii
This book could not have been written without the support of many
other colleagues. Helge Blakkisrud has—as always—been a great motiva-
tor, and others at NUPI have also provided valuable inputs.
Let me also express my gratitude to Tim Shaw, editor of the IPE series,
who has again placed his trust in me as an author and an editor. Christina
Brian at Palgrave Macmillan has guided us through the editorial process
and shown great support at critical junctures; also other Palgrave partners
involved in the editorial process have assisted in this work.
That being said, overall responsibility for this volume, and for any edi-
torial shortcomings, rests entirely on my shoulders.
c
ontents
1 I ntroduction: The EU and the Changing (Geo)Politics
of Energy in Europe 1
Jakub M. Godzimirski and Ole Gunnar Austvik
Part I Inside Out: Projecting EU Rules and Ideas 25
2 R egulatory or Market Power Europe? EU Leadership
Models for International Energy Governance 27
Andreas Goldthau and Nick Sitter
3 T he EU’s Strategy Towards External Gas Suppliers and
Their Responses: Norway, Russia, Algeria and LNG 49
Svein S. Andersen and Nick Sitter
4 E U Climate and Energy Policy: New Challenges for Old
Energy Suppliers 73
Indra Overland
ix
x CONTENTS
Part II Outside In: National Adaptations 103
5 C hannels of Influence or How Non- Members Can Influence
EU Energy Policy 105
Jakub M. Godzimirski
6 N orway: Small State in the Great European Energy Game 139
Ole Gunnar Austvik
7 Germany’s Energiewende: Climate Change in Focus—
Competitiveness and Energy Security Sidelined? 165
Kirsten Westphal
8 P oland: Coping with the Challenges of Decarbonization
and Diversification 195
Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Fyk
9 T he Baltics: Between Competition and Cooperation 215
Vija Pakalkaitė and Joshua Posaner
10 C onclusions: What Has the EU Achieved, and What Is
in the Offing? 239
Jakub M. Godzimirski
Index 255