New Homelands This page intentionally left blank New Homelands Hindu Communities in Mauritius, Guyana, Trinidad, South Africa, Fiji, and East Africa PAUL YOUNGER 1 2010 3 OxfordUniversityPress,Inc.,publishesworksthatfurther OxfordUniversity0sobjectiveofexcellence inresearch,scholarship,andeducation. Oxford NewYork Auckland CapeTown DaresSalaam HongKong Karachi KualaLumpur Madrid Melbourne MexicoCity Nairobi NewDelhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto Withofficesin Argentina Austria Brazil Chile CzechRepublic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore SouthKorea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright#2010OxfordUniversityPress,Inc. PublishedbyOxfordUniversityPress,Inc. 198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NewYork10016 www.oup.com OxfordisaregisteredtrademarkofOxfordUniversityPress. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced, storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans, electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise, withoutthepriorpermissionofOxfordUniversityPress. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Younger,Paul. Newhomelands:HinducommunitiesinMauritius,Guyana,Trinidad,SouthAfrica,Fiji, andEastAfrica/PaulYounger. p. cm. ISBN978-0-19-539164-0 1. Hindudiaspora—History. 2. EastIndians—Foreigncountries— Religion. 3. EastIndians—Foreigncountries—Socialconditions. I. Title. BL1151.3.Y682009 304.808802945—dc22 2009008656 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica onacid-freepaper For Cathy, Miriam, and Nathan, who traveled with me to all these wonderful places This page intentionally left blank Contents Introduction,3 StoryOne Mauritius:AParallelSociety,19 StoryTwo Guyana:InventedTraditions,55 StoryThree Trinidad:EthnicReligion,95 StoryFour SouthAfrica:ReformReligion,125 StoryFive Fiji:ASegregatedSociety,167 StorySix EastAfrica:CasteReligion,199 Conclusion,231 Notes,249 References,271 Index,282 This page intentionally left blank New Homelands
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