New Developments in High Temperature Superconductivity: Proceedings of the 2nd Polish-US Conference Held a Wrocław and Karpacz, Poland, 17–21 August 1998 PDF
Preview New Developments in High Temperature Superconductivity: Proceedings of the 2nd Polish-US Conference Held a Wrocław and Karpacz, Poland, 17–21 August 1998
Lecture Notes in Physics EditorialBoard R.Beig,Wien,Austria J.Ehlers,Potsdam,Germany U.Frisch,Nice,France K.Hepp,Zu¨rich,Switzerland W.Hillebrandt,Garching,Germany D.Imboden,Zu¨rich,Switzerland R.L.Jaffe,Cambridge,MA,USA R.Kippenhahn,Go¨ttingen,Germany R.Lipowsky,Golm,Germany H.v.Lo¨hneysen,Karlsruhe,Germany I.Ojima,Kyoto,Japan H.A.Weidenmu¨ller,Heidelberg,Germany J.Wess,Mu¨nchen,Germany J.Zittartz,Ko¨ln,Germany 3 Berlin Heidelberg NewYork Barcelona HongKong London Milan Paris Singapore Tokyo TheEditorialPolicyforProceedings TheseriesLectureNotesinPhysicsreportsnewdevelopmentsinphysicalresearchandteaching–quickly, informally,andatahighlevel.Theproceedingstobeconsideredforpublicationinthisseriesshouldbelimited toonlyafewareasofresearch,andtheseshouldbecloselyrelatedtoeachother.Thecontributionsshouldbe ofahighstandardandshouldavoidlengthyredraftingsofpapersalreadypublishedorabouttobepublished elsewhere.Asawhole,theproceedingsshouldaimforabalancedpresentationofthethemeoftheconference includingadescriptionofthetechniquesusedandenoughmotivationforabroadreadership.Itshouldnot beassumedthatthepublishedproceedingsmustreflecttheconferenceinitsentirety.(Alistingorabstracts ofpaperspresentedatthemeetingbutnotincludedintheproceedingscouldbeaddedasanappendix.) 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New Developments in High Temperature Superconductivity Proceedings of the 2nd Polish-US Conference Held at Wrocław and Karpacz, Poland, 17-21 August 1998 1 3 Editors JanKlamut InstituteofLowTemperatureandStructureResearch,PAS,and InternationalLaboratoryofHighMagneticFieldsandLowTemparatures 95GajowickaStr.,53-529Wrocław,Poland BoydW.Veal ArgonneNationalLaboratory,9700S.CassAve. Argonne,IL60439,USA BogdanM.Dabrowski DepartmentofPhysics,NorthernIllinoisUniversity DeKalb,IL60115,USA PiotrW.Klamut MaciejKazimierski InstituteofLowTemperatureandStructureResearch,PAS P.O.Box1410,50-950Wrocław,Poland LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataappliedfor. DieDeutscheBibliothek-CIP-EinheitsaufnahmeNewdevelopmentsinhightemperaturesupercon- ductivity:proceedings ofthe2ndPolishUSconference,heldatWroclawandKarpacz,Poland, 17-21August1998/J.Klamut...(ed.).-Berlin;Heidelberg;New York;Barcelona;HongKong;London;Milan;Paris;Singapore; Tokyo:Springer,2000 (Lecturenotesinphysics;545) ISBN3-540-67188-9 ISSN0075-8450 ISBN3-540-67188-9Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelbergNewYork Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthe materialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustra- tions, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublicationorpartsthereofispermittedonly undertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965,initscurrent version,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer-Verlag.Violations areliableforprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw. Springer-VerlagisacompanyintheBertelsmannSpringerpublishinggroup ©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2000 PrintedinGermany Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexempt fromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Typesetting:Camera-readybytheauthors/editors Coverdesign:design&production,Heidelberg Printedonacid-freepaper SPIN:10720759 55/3144/du-543210 Preface This volume contains the proceedings of The Second Polish-US Confer- ence on High Temperature Superconductivity which was held August 18-21, 1998 in Karpacz, Poland. The conference followed The First Polish-US Con- ference on High Temperature Superconductivity organized in 1995, proceed- ings of which were published by Springer-Verlag in 1996 (Recent Develop- ments in High Temperature Superconductivity, Lecture Notes in Physics 475). High Temperature Superconductivity (HTSC) in complex copper oxides has become a household name after twelve years of intense research following its discovery in 1986 by J.G. Bednorz and K.A. Miiller. Because of the rapid growth of the HTSC field, there is a need for periodic summary and condensa- tion both for scientists working in the field and, especially, for young research- ers entering the field of oxide materials. Following the First Conference, it was recognized that an extended format of lectures perfectly satisfied that need, providing adequate time for experts from the international community to fully introduce and develop complex ideas. Thus, the format of the Second Conference brought together by cooperating scientists from the Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research of the Polish Academy of Science at Wroctaw, Northern Illinois University, and Argonne National Laboratory remained mostly unchanged. Again, we were delighted to receive enthusiastic responses from distinguished US and Polish scientists who were invited to par- ticipate. The focused sessions on microscopic description, physical properties, materials, crystal chemistry, and applications of HTSC provided forums for intense discussion of common research topics for US and Polish scientists. The Conference also provided a base for personal scientific interactions, especially important for young Polish researchers. The high level of scientific presenta- tions, the high altitude, and perfect weather all contributed to a particularly pleasant atmosphere for the meeting. The Conference included approximately 08 participants who contributed 12 invited lecturers 01( SU and 11 Polish speakers), as well as 44 posters describing the current status of research on HTSC in Poland. The articles presented in this book span the field from the theoretical investigations of the pairing mechanism to the experiments relating to new materials applications. In an effort to present the most current status of HTSC, the texts were updated just prior to publication (fall of 1999). The editors anticipate that the book will become a valuable resource not only for the advanced reader, but also for a larger readership seeking reviews of current problems in HTSC. We would like to express our sincere thanks to the scientific staff of the Institute of Low Temperature and Structural Research for their superior or- ganization work. We want particularly to acknowledge the leading abilities of .S Got~b in administration of the Conference and the cooperative spirit VI Preface of the team, comprising also D. Wtosewicz, A.J. Zaleski, and A. Baszczuk, M. Matusiak, H. Misiorek, T. Plackowski, A. Sikora, Cz. Sutkowski. The Conference was organized under the patronage of the Physics Com- mittee of the Polish Academy of Sciences, and the U.S. Science and Techno- logy Center for Superconductivity. On behalf of all the participants, we would like to express our sincere gratitude to the U.S. National Science Foundation and Polish State Committee for Scientific Research for their financial support which made this conference possible. We thank all the authors for their con- tributions. Wroctaw, De Kalb, and Argonne, The Editors January 2000 Co e s Muon Spin Rotation Studies of Doping in HighoTc Superconductors ................................... 1 J.I. Budnick, .hC Niedermayer Dynamic Signatures of Driven Vortex Motion ................. 71 .G .W ,eertbarC .D Lopez, W.K. Kwok, A.M. Petrean, R.J. Olsson, .H Safar, L.M. Paulius Improved Y-123 Materials by Chemical Substitutions ......... 30 B. Dabrowski, K. Rogacki, P. .W Klamut, .Z Bukowski, .O Chmaissem, J.D. Jorgensen High-Pressure Crystal Growth and Properties of Hg-Based Superconductors and One-Dimensional Al-xCuO2 (A = Sr, Ca, Ba) Cuprates ' 45 .J Karpi~iski, G.I. Meijer, .H Schwer, R. ,iksiTiloM E. Kopnin, .M Angst, A. Wi$niewski, R. Pu2niak, .J Hofer, .C Rossel Angular Dependence of Flux Pinning in High-Tc Superconductor Thin Films and Superconductor-Ferromagnetic Heterostructures ......... 56 .S Kole~nik, .T Sko~kiewicz, P. Przys~upski, M.Z. Cieplak Basic Superconducting-State Parameters and Their Influence on the Flux Pinning in Homologous Series HgBa2Can-lCunO2n+2+x ...................................... 87 R. Pu2niak Oxygen Isotope Effects in the Manganates and Cuprates Studied by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance ................ 19 A. Shengelaya, Guo-meng Zhao, K. Conder, .H Keller, K.A. Miiller Quasiparticle Thermalization and Recombination in High-Temperature Superconductors Excited by Femtosecond Optical Pulses ....................... 001 R. iksweloboS A Semiphenomenological Approach for Description of Quasiparticles in High-Temperature Superconductors ...... 321 .Z Szotek, B. .L Gyorffy, .W .M Temmerman, .O K. Andersen, .O Jepsen VIII Contents Superconductivity and Magnetic Properties of Spin-Ladder Compounds ................................... 157 H. Szymczak, R. Szymczak, M. Baran, L. Leonyuk, G.-J. Babonas, V. Maltsev Vortex Pinning and Critical Current Enhancements in High-Tc Superconductors with Fission-Generated Random Columnar Defects ................................... 181 J.R. Thompson, J.G. Ossanddn, L. Krusin-Elbaum, K. J. Song, D. K. Christen, J. Z. Wu, J. L. Ullmann Bose-Einstein to BCS Crossover as a Model for High-Tc Cuprate Superconductors ......................... 193 Y. J. Uemura Strong Correlations and Electron-Phonon Interaction in Superconductors ........................................... 211 K. L Wysoki~iski Penetration Depth in Pure and Zinc-Substituted La2_~ Sr~CuO4 ................................................ 230 A.J. Zaleski, J. Klamut Structural Sensitivity of Transport Properties of the High-Tc Cuprates ...................................... 254 J.- S. Zhou, J. B. Goodenough List of Unpublished Lectures ................................. 269 List of Posters ................................................ 270 Index of Contributors ........................................ 275 Muon Spin Rotation Studies of Doping in High-Tc Superconductors J.I. Budnick 1 and Ch. Niedermayer 2 t Department of Physics and Institute for Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA 2 Fakult~it fiir Physik, Universit~it Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany Abstract. Mu~ spin rotation (IxSR) studies on high temperature superconduct- ing (HTS) cuprates will be reviewed. After an introduction to the technique, studies of the superfluid density will be described and the universal variation of the super- fluid density ns as a function of [hole concentration] p will be discussed. Important exceptions will be noted, such as the YBa2Cu3OT-~ system, where, besides the in- trinsically superconducting CuO2 planes, an interlayer may be metallized (here the CuO chains) which consequently contributes to a significant enhancement in super- fluid density and associated improvement in technologically interesting properties such as flux pinning and critical current density. A common phase diagram of the antiferromagnetic correlations for Sr doped La2CuO4 and Ca doped YBa2Cu306 and, in particular the coexistence of strong electronic magnetism within the super- conducting state, will be discussed in terms of gSR experiments in zero external magnetic field. 1 Introduction The technique of muon spin rotation or relaxation (p-SR) is a powerful tool for studying the internal distribution of magnetic fields within solids [1]. In the context of high temperature superconducting (HTS) cuprates gSR ex- periments have provided important contributions to a better understanding of the physics of the vortex state, superfluid density and the complex inter- play between magnetism and superconductivity that distinguishes the HTS cuprates. These materials are strongly anisotropic due to their distinctive structure which comprises quasi-two-dimensional CuO2 planes separated by insulating interlayers. The electronic correlations causing magnetism and su- perconductivity originate primarily in the CuO2 planes. One of the most striking features of the HTS cuprates is the strong dependence of these elec- tronic correlations on the hole concentration per CuO2 plane, p, resulting in a generic p-dependent phase behavior as summarized in Fig. 1. At very low doping these materials are antiferromagnetic (AF) insulators but with increasing p the AF correlations are weakened and the Neel temperature, TN, falls rather sharply to zero. At a critical concentration there occurs an insulator-metal transition coinciding with the onset of superconductivity. J. Klamut et al. (Eds.): LNP 545, pp. 1 16, 2000. (cid:14)9 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2000 2 J.I. Budnick and .hC Niedermayer The critical temperature Tc(p) follows a universal, approximately parabolic p-dependence, that can be conveniently expressed as ]2[ )1( cT 1[xam - 82.6(p - 0.16)2], = Tc where the maximum is reached for an optimum doping of p ~ 0.16 holes per , CuO2 plane. This p-dependence appears to be common to the HTS cuprates and all that varies between the different HTS compounds is the magnitude of the optimal value, cT As also shown in the Figure, at intermediate max" doping levels extending from the N~el State and well into the superconduct- ing domain, short-ranged AF fluctuations survive and at low temperatures freeze into a disordered spin-glass state (annotated SG) which coexists with superconductivity. "~T N -s T IFA T / ,c xam f:l. E C ' T o.d~op~lSuperconductivity I ~op~d I X ............. 0.00 o.b5 0/10 0/15 ob.o 0)5 0.30 x ni 4 La2.xSrxCuO Doping state p (holes per CuO 2 plane) Fig. 1. Schematic representation of the doping-dependent phase diagram for HTS cuprates. AF and SG denote the antiferromagnetic and spin glass phases After an introduction to the technique, studies on the superfluid density will be described and the universal variation of the superfluid density ns as a function ofp will be presented. Important exceptions will be discussed, such as the YBa2Cu307-~ system, where, besides the intrinsically superconducting CuO2 planes, an interlayer may be metallized (here the CuO chains) which consequently contributes to a significant enhancement in superfluid density and associated improvement in technologically interesting properties such as flux pinning and critical current density.
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