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Fungal Diversity New and interesting polypores from East Russia Maria Nufiezt,Erast Parmasto2 and LeifRyvarden3 'Botanical Museum, University of Oslo, Trondheimsvn. 23B, 0562 Oslo, Norway; e-mail: [email protected] 2Institute of Zoology and Botany, 181, Riia street, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia; e-mail: [email protected] Department of Botany, University of Oslo, p.a. Box. 1045, Blindem, N-0316 Oslo, Norway; e-mail: [email protected] Nufiez, M., Parmasto, E. and Ryvarden, L. (2001). New and interesting polypores from East Russia. Fungal Diversity 6: 107-114. Ceriporiopsis rufa and C. subvermispora are reported from East Russia. Ceriporiopsis albonigrescens, Hapalopilus sibiricus and Rigidoporus furcatus are described as new species with keys to the respective genera in East Asia. Key words: Polypores, Russia. Introduction The polypores of East Russia and adjacent areas are now becoming fairly well known because of earlier publications (Bondartsev, 1962, Bondartsev and Lyubarsky, 1_964, Bondartsev and Lyubarsky, 1965) and several recent publications (Zhao and Zhang, 1992; Dai and NiemeHi, 1995, 1997; Dai, 1995, 1996, 1998; Hattori and Ryvarden, 1994; Nufiez and Ryvarden, 1995, 1999, 2000; Nufiez, 1997, 1998). One of us (E.P.) has over several years collected a number of polypores in East Russia and they were recently sent to Oslo for identification. Most of them represented fairly widespread species in Russia. However, for some specimens we were unable to find suitable names even after having searched in relevant literature (see above), in larger mycofloras from the Northern Hemisphere (Bondartsev, 1953; Gilbertson and Ryvarden, 1986-87; Ryvarden and Gilbertson, 1993-94), and inour personal files. These species are described as new below along with some rare species. Herbarium specimens are deposited in Oslo (0). Ceriporiopsis albonigrescens Nufiez, Parmasto and Ryvarden, sp. novo (Fig. 1A) 107 Fructificatio resupinatae, pori albi, nigrescens, angulatis, 1-4per mm. Systema hyphale monomiticum, hyphae generatoriae, fibulatae. Basidiosporae ellipsoideae, 2.5-3 x 1.5-1.7 flm. Basidiocarps resupinate, annual, soft and fragile when dry, up to 2.5 cm wide and 7 cm long, 2-3 mm thick; pore surface whitish, black where touched; pores angular to irregular, 1-4 per mm; tubes whitish 1-2 mm deep; context concolorous, dense and thin, up to 500 ~m thick. Hyphal system monomitic, generative hyphae with clamps, hyaline, thin-walled, 2-5 wide. Cystidia J.ID absent. Basidia clavate, 4-sterigmate, 12-15 x 4-5 J.ID, with a basal clamp. Basidiospores ellipsoid, smooth, negative in Melzer's reagent, 2.5-3 x 1.5-1.7 J.ID. Substrata: Known only on dead and rotten Abies nephrolepis. Distribution: Known only from the type locality. Holotype: RUSSIA, Primorsk, District Temei, Sichote-Alin Biosph. Reservatum, Maisa, Leg. E. Parmasto, 11 September 1976, on dead Abies nephrolepis with a white rot, TAA 52 514 (0). Notes: The species is placed in Ceriporiopsis because of its resupinate basidiocarps, monomitic hyphaI system with clamped generative hyphae, lack of cystidia and smooth and hyaline basidiospores without reaction in Melzer's reagent. The species is distinct within the genus by its black reaction when touched while fresh and the small basidiospores. Key to East Asian species of Cer;por;ops;s 1.Basidiospores cylindrical to allantoid, less than 1.5flmwide ...........•...................................... ........ .: C.subverm;spora 1.Basidiospores subcylindrical to subglobose, wider than 1.5flm 2 2.Basidiospores shorter than 5~m in longest dimt;nsion 3 2. Basidiospores longer than 5~m in longest dimension 6 3. Pore surface becoming partly blackish when bruised or dried, basidiospores upto 3 flm long ......................................................................................................................... C.albon;grescens 3.Pore surface more or less unchanged when bruised or dry, basidiospores longer than 3 ~m .4 4. Basidiospores subcylindrical, 1.5-2 flm wide, basal hyphae and hyphae in the dissepiments with small rod-like crystals, pore surface straw-coloured to pale orange brown when dry . ...... C.gilvescens 4. Basidiospores ellipsoid 2.5-3.5 flmwide, basal hyphae smooth, pore surface whitish to pale cream when dry 5 5.Basidiospores 4-5 x 2.8-3.5 flm C.balaenae c. 5.Basidiospores 3-4 x 2.5-3 flill consobr;na 108 Fungal Diversity 6. Basidiocarps with cream rhizomorphs, pores angular, 1-2per mm C.cremea 6. Basidiocarps without cream rhizomorphs, pores round to angular, 1-4per mm 7 7. Pores 3-4 per mm, pore surface reddish when dry, scattered intercalary skeletal hyphae in the subiculum C.subrufa 7. Pores 1-3(4) per mm, pore surface straw-coloured or resinous brown when dry, no intercalary skeletal hyphae present 8 8. Basidiospores subcylindrical, 2-3 f.Lmwide, pore surface totally or partly resinous brown, pores 2-3 (4) per mm, microscopical preparations with numerous globules, basal hyphae thick- walled C.resinascens 8. Basidiospores ellipsoid, 3.5-5 f.LIDwide, pore surface cream to straw-coloured, pores 1-3per mm, no globules present inmicroscopical preparations, allhyphae equally thin-walled . .................................................................................................................................... C.aneirina Ceriporiopsis subrufa (Ellis and Dearden) Ginns, Mycotaxon 21: 326, 1984. Poria subrufa Ellis and Dearden, Proceedings of the Royal Canadian Institute (New == Series) 1:89, 1897. Material examined: Russia, Primorsk, Ternei distr. Maisa, Leg. E. Parmasto, 14 September 1990, on Chosenia arbutifolia, TAA 151 084, 0; Primorsk, Sudzuhe lk-ala, Sandagou,6 September 1961, onBetula manshurica, TAA 15 141,O. Notes: In East Asia this species has previously been reported only once, i.e. from China (Dai, 1996). Ceriporiopsis subvermispora (Pihit) Gilb. and Ryvarden, Mycotaxon 22: 364, 1985. Poria subvermispora Pihit, Studia Botanica Cechoslovakia 3: 2, 1940. == Material examined: Russia, Primorsk region, Distr. Kavalerovo, Garroretshinsk, 9 October 1977, Leg. E. Parmasto, TAA-lOl 315 (also in 0). Notes: In Asia the species is known from China (Zhao and Zhang, 1992) and Korea (lung, 1992). It is rare inEurope and North America. Hapalopilus sibiricus Nuiiez, Parmasto and Ryvarden, sp. novo (Fig. I B) Fructificatio resupinatae, pori aurantiacus, rubra cum KOH, angulatis, 7-8 per mm. Systema hyphale monomiticum, hyphae generatoriae, fibulatae. Basidiosporae cylindricae, 5 6(6.5) x 2-2.3 f.Lm,hyalinae et non-amyloideae. Basidiocarps resupinate, annual, hard and fragile when dry, up to 2 cm wide and long, 2-3 mm thick; pore surface deep orange and cherry red with KOH; pores invisible to the naked eye, 7-8 per mm; tubes concolorous, 1.5 mm deep; context almost absent, pale orange, and sharply delimited towards the white rotted wood. Hyphal system monomitic, generative hyphae with clamps, hyaline, thin-walled, 3-5 wide, smooth to covered with yellowish resinous J1ll 109 o 000 0DO DOA Fig. I.A. Ceriporiopsis albonigrescens, basidiospores. B.Hapalopilus sibiricus, basidiospores. From the holotype. excretions which make the hyphae pale cherry red in mass when mounted in KOH. Cystidia absent. Basidia clavate, 4-sterigmate, 12-15 x 4-5 /lTI with a basal clamp. Basidiospores cylindrical to somewhat allantoid, smooth, negative in Melzer's reagent, 5-6 (6.5) x 2-2.3 /lTI, Substrata: Known only from very rotten hardwood. Distribution: Known only from the type locality. Holotype: Russia, Primorsk, distr. Temei, Reservatum Sichote-Alinicium, Nitshet, Leg. E. Parmasto, 27 September 1979, on rotten hard wood tree, TAA 101635, O. Notes: The species is characterised by its deep orange colour, the very small pores and the cylindrical to allantoid basidiospores, larger than in any other resupinate Hapalopilus species. Hapalopilus albocitrinus (Petch) Ryvarden, a tropical species, has a more chrome yellow basidiocarp and shorter basidiospores, i.e. 4-5 long (for a description, see Ryvarden and /lTI Johansen 1980: 359). Hapalopilus salmonicolor (Berk. and W.A. Curtis) Pouzar has a wine-coloured basidiocarp, grows only on coniferous wood and again has shorter basidiospores, Le. 3.5-5.5 long (for a description, see /lTI Gilbertson and Ryvarden, 1993: 304). Key to East Asian species of Hapalopilus 1.Basidiocarps resupinate 2 1.Basidiocarps pileate, onhardwoods .3 2. On conifers, basidiocarp wine coloured and resinous dense when dry, basidiospores oblong 3.5-5.5 !-tmlong H. salmonicolor 2. Onhardwoods, basidiocarp vividly orange and tough when dry, basidiospores cylindrical, 5- 6 !-tmlong H. sibiricus 110 Fungal Diversity 3. Basidiocarps cinnamon, usually upto 4 cm wide, basidiospores 3.5-5 x 2-3 /lm, ondifferent hardwoods H. nidulans 3. Basidiocarps orange-reddish, up to 20 cm wide, basidiospores 4-7 x 3-4.5 /lm, growing on Quercus spp H. croceus Fig. 2. Rigidoporus furcatus. A. Part of the hymenium with encrusted cystidia. B. Cystidium. C. Basidium. D. Basidiospores. From the holotype. III RigidoporusfurcatusNufiez and Ryvarden, sp. novo (Fig. 2) Fructificatio resupinatae, pori ochraceous, angulatis, 2-3 per mm. Systema hyphale monomiticum, hyphae generatoriae, afibulatae, cystidia hyalinae, apicalis encrustatus. Basidiosporae globosae, 4.5-5(5.5) Ilmin diametro. Basidiocarps resupinate, annual, hard and fragile when dry, up to 2.5 cm wide and long, 2-3 mm thick; pore surface ochraceous; pores angular to irregular, mostly 2-3 per mm, but some also split and elongated, 0.5-2 mm long; tubes concolorous 1-2mm deep; context concolorous, dense and thin, up to 300 flI1 thick. Hyphal system monomitic, generative hyphae with simple septa, hyaline, thin- to slightly thick-walled, 3-7 flI1 wide. Cystidia of two types: a) abundant, clavate to hyphoid, tapering to more commonly apically forked and encrusted, up to 120 J..lmlong from the basal septum to the apex, thin-walled to slightly thick-walled and hyaline, b) rare, mammilate to gloeocystidia-like, smooth, thin-walled with a distinctly pointed apex, up to 40 flI1 long. Basidia clavate, 4-sterigmate, 15-20 x 7-8 flI1, with a simple basal septum. Basidiospores globose, hyaline, smooth, negative in Melzer's reagent, 4.5-5 (5.5) flI1 diam. Substrata: Known only from Alnus hirsuta. Distribution: Known only from the type locality. Holotype: Russia, Primorsk, Reservatum Siohote, Alinicium, Maisa, Leg. R.H. Petersen, 12September 1990, on dead Alnus hirsuta, TAA 150972, O. Notes: This is a remarkable species well characterised by its two types of cystidia, one type with apical encrustation and often forked or divided in or near the apex, the other being smooth and gloeocystidia-like. We feel that Rigidoporus is a suitable genus because of the species' globose, smooth basidiospores and the sometimes mammilate and smooth cystidia, both characteristic features of Rigidoporus. Key to East Asian species ofRigidoporus 1.Basidiocarps pileate 2 1.Basidiocarps resupinate 4 2.Basidiocarps usually large, upto 30cm longand 6cmthick, pores buffto cream, basidiospores 7-10 x 6.5-10 Ilm R. ulmarius 2.Basidiocarps rarely above Icmthick, pileusreddish toorange, basidiospores 3.5-6 Ilmdiam.. 3 3.Cystidia present, basidiospores 4.5-6 Ilmdiam R.lineatus 3.Cystidia absent, basidiospores 3.5-5 Ilmdiam R. microporus 4.Cystidia present 5 4.Cystidia absent, temperate species R. crocatus 112 Fungal Diversity 5.Cystidia clavate, some apically finely encrusted and usually divided or forked .R.furcatus 5.Cystidia clavate toventricose, coarsely encrusted andobtuse orpointed 6 6.Tropical to subtropical species, basidiospores ovoid tosubglobose .R. v;nctus 6.Temperate species, basidiospores globose 7 7.Pores lacerate, 3-7permm, hymeniaI cystidia present R. em;nens 7.Pores even, 7-9permm, hymenial cystidia absent R. undatus References Bondartsev, A. (1953). The Polyporaceae of the European part of USSR and of Caucasia, Akad. Nauk. SSSR, Leningrad 1106 pp(In Russian). Bondartsev, A. (1962). Polypori novi ex oriente extremo. Notulae systematicae e sectione cryptogamica Instituti Botanici Nomine V.L. Komarov Academiae Scientarum URSS. 15:99-103. Bondartsev, A. and Lyubarsky, L.V. (1964). Polyporaceae rarae et pro parte asiatica URSS ignotae. Notulae systematicae e sectione cryptogamica Instituti Botanici Nomine V.L. Komarov Academiae Scientarum URSS. 17: 175-186. Bondartsev, A. and Lyubarsky, L.V. (1965). Species nonnullae Polyporacearum novae orientis extremi. Notulae systematicae e sectione cryptogamica Instituti Botanici Nomine V.L. Komarov Academiae Scietarum URSS. 18: 135-147. Dai, Y.c. (1995). A new species of Wrightoporia (Basidiomycetes) from China. Karstenia 35: 85-89. Dai, Y.c. (1996). Changbai wood-rotting fungi 7. A checklist of the polypores. Acta Fungal Science 11:79-105. Dai, Y.C. (1998). Changbai wood-rotting fungi 9. Three new species and other species in Rigidoporus, Skeletocutis and Wolfiporia (Basidiomycota, AphyIlophorales). Annales Botanici Fennici 35: 143-154. Dai, Y.C. and Niemelii, T. (1995). Changbai wood-rotting fungi 4. Some species described by A.S. Bondartsev and L.V. Ljubarsky from Russian Far East. Annales Botanici Fennici 32: 211-226. Dai, Y.C. and Niemelii, T. (1997). Changbai wood-rotting fungi 6. Study onAntrodiella, two new species and notes on some other species. Mycotaxon 64: 67-81. Gilbertson, R.L. and Ryvarden, L. (1986-87). North American Polypores, Volumes 1-2: 1-885, Fungiflora, Oslo, Norway. Hattori, T. and Ryvarden, L. (1994). Type studies in the Polyporaceae 25. Species described from Japan byR. Imazeki and A. Yasuda. Mycotaxon 50: 27-46. Nufiez, M. (1997). Protodaedalea, a synonym of Elmerina (Heterobasidiomycetes). Mycotaxon 61: 177-183. NUfiez,M. (1998). The genus Elmerina in Japan. Folia Cryptogamica Estonica 33: 99-101. Nuiiez, M. and Ryvarden, L. (1995). Polypores new to Japan 1.The genus Polyporus, with a note on P. hartmannii. Mycoscience 36: 61-65. NUfiez, M. and Ryvarden, L. (1999). New or interesting polypores from Japan. Fungal Diversity 3: 107-121. NUfiez,M. and Ryvarden, L. (2000). East Asian polypores, Volume 1.Synopsis Fungorum 13: 1-177. 113 Ryvarden, L. and Gilbertson, R.L. (I993-94). European polypores. Synopsis Fungorum 6-7: 1 743. Ryvarden, L. and Johansen, I. (1980). A Preliminary Polypore Flora of East Africa. Fungiflora, Oslo. 636 pp. Zhao, J.-D. and Zhang, X.-Q. (1992). The polypores of China. Bibliotheca Mycologica 145: 1 524. (Received 18April 2000, accepted 15October 2000) 114