New Alisotrichia (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) from Central and South America and the Greater Antilles

16 Pages·2002·7.1 MB·

by  Steven C Harris

PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH.
104(1), 2002, pp. 195-210
NEW ALISOTRICHIA (TRICHOPTERA: HYDROPTILIDAE) FROM CENTRAL
AND SOUTH AMERICA AND THE GREATER ANTILLES
Steven C. Harris and Oliver S. Flint, Jr.
(SCH) Department of Biology, Clarion University, Clarion, PA 16214, U.S.A. (e-mail:
[email protected]); (OSF) Department of Entomology, National Museum ofNatural
History. Smithsonian Institution. Washington, D.C. 20560-0169, U.S.A.
—
Abstract. Twelve new species ofAlisotrichia, A. pananiensis, A. woldai, A. linterna,
A. asta, and A. ciiernita from Panama, A. neblina and A. viuda from Venezuela, A.
muellita from Peru, A. kanukua from Guyana, A. cacaulandia from Brazil, andA. math-
isi and A. paxilla from Jamaica are described and illustrated. A new record of A. ti-
luoiichela Botosaneanu from Venezuela is also provided.
Key Words: Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae, Alisotrichin, new species, Neotropics
The genus Alisotrichia is widespread and macroseta of segment VIII, agree with
throughout Mexico, Central America, several other species in the group in the
northern South America and the West In- possession of the spring-like process of the
dies. There are currently 33 species and venter of segment X and together with A.
subspecies, including one fossil species linterna in the ventral process of segment
from Dominican amber, assigned to the ge- VII and internal structure of the phallus.
nus (Flint et al. 1999). This paper describes One species, A. viuda, is tentatively placed
12 additional species, primarily from Pan- in the A. hirudopsis Group based on the two
ama, but also from Venezuela, Peru, Guy- pairs of apical processes from segment
ana, Brazil, and Jamaica. VIII. The final two species, A. asta and A.
Hanis and Holzenthal (1993) divided the cuernita, based on the presence ofelaborate
32 then known species of Alisotrichia into lobes from the dorsolateral margin of seg-
eight monophyletic species groups. Since ment VIII are placed in the A. chorra
then, the three basal groups have been ele- Group.
vated to full generic status: the former A. Morphological terminology follows that
blantoni Group as Mejicanotrichia Harris of Marshall (1979). Length is measured
and Holzenthal, the former A. dominicensis from the front of the head to the wing tip
Group as Cerasmatrichia Flint, Harris and and is given as a range if more than one
Botosaneanu, and the former A. qiiemada specimen is known. Type material is de-
Group as Scelobotrichia Harris and Bueno. posited in the National Museum of Natural
History, Smithsonian Institution, Washing-
Nine of the new species herein described
ton, D.C.
are being placed in the A. orophila Group.
Alisotrichia woldai, A. cacaulandia, A. ka- Alisotrichia pauamensis
nukua, A. mathisi, A. paxilla, and A. neb- Harris and Flint, new species
lina agreeing in all characteristics of that (Figs. 1-5)
group. Alisotrichia pananiensis and A. In many respects this species is very sim-
muellita although lacking the dorsal process ilar to A. muellita, n.sp.. from Peru and A.
196 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Figs. 1-10. Malegenitalia. \-5,Alisotrichiapanamensis. 1, Lateral. 2, Dorsal. 3, Ventral. 4. Phallus,ventral.
5, Phallus, lateral. 6-10, A. muellita. 6, Lateral. 7, Dorsal. 8, Ventral. 9, Phallus, ventral. 10, Phallus, lateral.
VOLUME 104. NUMBER 1 197
woldai, n.sp., also from Panama. In com- same, but 9-15 December 1987, I S\ same,
mon with these species, as well as A. cir- but 2-8 November 1988, 1 S; same, but
cinata Flint from Puerto Rico, A. pcmamen- 23-29 November 1988, 1 S\ same, but II-
sis has a single spring-like structure anter- 17 January 1989, 2 6\ same, but 29 No-
oventrally from segment X and lying within vember-5 December 1989, 1 S\ same, but
the eighth sternite. Alisotrichia panamensis 2-8 January, 1991, 1 S\ same, but light trap
is distinguished from these other species on I, 4-10 November 1987, 1 6; same, but 2-
the basis of the presence of a elongate ap- 8 January 1988, 1 S\ same, but 28 Decem-
icodorsal process from the eighth segment ber 1988-3 January 1989, 1 6; same, but
and fromA. woldai andA. circinata in lack- 6-12 December 1989, 3 6\ same, but 13-
ing the dorsal setate process from the eighth 19 December 1989, 2 d; same, but 3-9 Jan-
sternum.— uary 1990, 1 —S.
Male. Length 1.8-1.9 mm. Antenna Etymology. Named for the country of
cream colored, black at tip with 18 seg- Panama.
ments, scape greatly enlarged and setose.
Head and thorax with central mass ofwhite Alisotrichia muellita Harris and Flint,
new species
hair dorsally. Forewing with extensive
(Figs. 6-10)
white hairs, black on margin, with diffuse
black bands or spots. Abdominal segment This is another species of the group pos-
VII annular, with bifid ventromesal process. sessing a spring-like structure from the ven-
Segment VIII roughly rectangular in lateral ter of segment X. Alisotrichia muellita is
view, truncate posteriorly with elongate very similar to A. panamensis differing pri-
dorsolateral process, and short, lobate ven- marily in the structure of the phallic rods
trolateral process; in ventral view longer which are united basally into an enlarged
than wide, with shallow mesal incision dis- plate and the shape of the eighth segment
tally. Segment IX short, incomplete ven- that is conical apically with an elongate
trally, apparently fused with X dorsally. process projecting from the inner dorsal
Tergum X concave posteriorly in dorsal as- margin. —
pect, anteriorly with pair of slender apode- Male. Length 1.7-1.9 mm. Brown in
mes extending through segment VII; highly alcohol with no distinguishing patterns. An-
modified tubular structure attached to ven- tenna with 18 segments, scape greatly en-
ter of these apodemes and elaborately larged and setose. Abdominal segment VII
coiled anteriorly (this structure appears to annular, with bifid ventromesal process.
be loosely attached to venter ofX, as it will Segment VIII nanowing to rounded apex in
move anteriorly and posteriorly). Phallus lateral view, with elongate process project-
wide basally, tubular sheath posteriorly en- ing from inner posterodorsal margin; in
closing two pairs of slender lateral rods ventral view longer than wide, shallow me-
which originate at the same level, lateral- sal incision distally. Segment IX short, in-
X
most rods longer than inner rods; slender complete ventrally, apparently fused with
ejaculatory duct protruding tongue-like be- dorsally. Tergum X rounded posteriorly, an-
yond sheath. teriorly with pair of slender apodemes ex-
—
Female. Unkn—own. tending through segment VII; 1 highly
Type material. Holotype, 6: Panama, modified tubular structure attached to ven-
Barro Colorado Island, Canal Zone, July ter of these apodemes and elaborately
1967, W. W. Wirth, Malaise trap. Paratypes: coiled anteriorly. Phallus wide basally, tu-
same data as holotype, 1 d; same, but Sny- bular sheath posteriorly enclosing two pairs
der-Molino trail, marker 3, light trap III, of thin lateral rods, lateralmost rods about
19-25 August 1987, H. Wolda, 1 S; same, twice length inner rods, inner rods origi-
but 25 November-1 December 1987, 1 6; nating from mesal margins of lateral rods;
198 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
slender ejaculatory duct protruding tongue- rods longer than inner rods and widened at
like beyon—d sheath. base, inner rods thin over length and orig-
Female. Unkn—own. inating from base of lateral rods; slender
Type material. Holotype, 6: Peru, Ma- ejaculatory duct protruding tongue-like be-
dre de Dios, Manu, Pakitza, 11°56'S, yond sheath.
—
71°18'W, el. 250 m, 12-18 September Female. Unkn—own.
1989, N. Adams et al., kitchen stream. Mal- Type material. Holotype, S: Panama,
aise trap, night collection. Paratypes: same Barro Colorado Island, Snyder-Molino trail,
data as holotyp—e, 2 S. marker 3, light trap I, 7-13 December 1988,
Etymology. Spanish, "small spring," H. Wolda. Paratypes: same data as holo-
referring to the structure within segment type, but 21-27 December 1988, 1 S\
VIII. same, but 26 September-2 October 990,
1 1
6; same, but light trap III, 28 October-3
Alisotrichia woldai Harris and Flint, November 1987, S\ same, but 28 Decem-
new species 1
ber 1988-3 January 1989, 1 S\ same, but
(Figs. 11-15) 2-8 January 1991, S.
— 1
Although similar to A. muellita in the Etymology. Named for Dr. Henk Wol-
structure of the phallus, and A. panamensis da, who collected most of the Panama ma-
in the shape of segment VIII, A. woldai ap- terial.
pears to be more closely related to A. cir-
cinata in the presence of seta-bearing pro- Alisotrichia linterna Harris and Flint,
cesses from the dorsal margin of segment new species
VIII. In common with all of these species, (Figs. 16-20)
A. woldai has a spring-like structure within This new species is difficult to place. In
sternum VIII. Alisotrichia woldai is distin- some respects, notably the structure of the
guished from these other species on the ba- phallus, A. linterna is similar to the preced-
sis of the lateralmost pair of phallic rods ing species, but it lacks the spring-like
which ar—ise from a large, rectangular base. structure from the venter of segment X. In-
Male. Length 1.4-1.7 mm. Brown in stead, this species has a tubular structure,
alcohol with no distinguishing patterns. An- which is similar to the three following new
tenna with 18 segments, scape greatly en- species, A. cacaiilandia n.sp. from Brazil,
larged and setose. Abdominal segment VII A. kanukua n.sp. from Guyana, and A.
annular, with bifid ventromesal process. mathisi n.sp. from Jamaica. It is possible,
Segment VIII tapering posteriorly to trun- although difficult to verify, that all of these
cate apex in lateral view, anterodorsally species are united by the presence of the
with seta-bearing process on each side; in development of the venter of segment X,
ventral view rectanguloid with wide mesal the structure of this development simply
incision distally, forming inwardly hooked varying from species to species, spring-like
lobes laterally. Segment IX elongate dor- in some, tubular in others. From A. pana-
sally and apparently fused with X, incom- mensis, A. muellita, and A woldai, A. lin-
plete ventrally. Tergum X thin with mesal terna differs in the lack of the spring-like
incision posteriorly, anteriorly with pair of process, and from A. cacaulandia, A. ka-
slender apodemes originating from ventro- nukua, and A. mathisi in the lack of a pair
lateral margin IX -H X and extending an- of dorsal setigerous lobes from segment
teriorly through segment VII; highly mod- VIII. Both A. linterna and A. mathisi have
ified spring-like structure attached to the a ventromesal process from segment VII,
venter of these apodemes. Phallus wide ba- but the phallus of A. linterna bears two
sally, tubular sheath posteriorly enclosing pairs on internal spines which are lacking
two pairs of sclerotized rods, lateralmost in A. mathisi.
VOLUME NUMBER
104. 1 199
Figs. 11-20. Male genitalia. \ 1-15, Alisotrichia wolc/ai. 11. Lateral. 12, Dorsal. 13. Ventral. 14. Phallus,
ventral. 15. Phallus, lateral. 16-20, A. lintema. 16, Lateral. 17, Dorsal. 18, Ventral. 19, Phallus, ventral. 20,
Phallus, lateral.
200 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
—
Male. Length 1.8 mm. Brown in alco- na with 18 segments, scape greatly enlarged
hol with no distinguishing patterns. Anten- and setose. Middle legs with linear tufts of
na with 18 segments, scape greatly enlarged hair along femora. Abdominal segment VII
and setose. Abdominal segment VII annu- annular, without ventromesal process. Seg-
lar, with bifid ventromesal process. Seg- ment VIII tapering posterodorsad in lateral
ment VIII tapering posteriorly in lateral view, anterodorsally with pair of process
view to acute apical process; in ventral each bearing elongate seta; in ventral view
view square with shallow mesal incision longer than wide with mesal and lateral in-
and lateral margins produced into acute cisions distally, in dorsal view widening
spine-like projections. Segment IX short posterior of seta-bearing processes. Seg-
and fused with X, incomplete ventrally. ment IX short and fused with X, incomplete
Tergum X an elongate lobe in lateral view, ventrally. Tergum X oval, anteriorly with
in dorsal view rounded laterally and con- pair of slender apodemes originating from
cave apically, anteriorly with pairofslender ventrolateral margin ofIX + X and extend-
apodemes originating from ventrolateral ing through segment V; venter of IX X
-I-
margin IX + X and extending through seg- with an elongate tubular structure, down-
ment VII; venter ofX with elongate tubular turned and pipe-like posteriorly, and bear-
structure, downturned and pipe-like poste- ing linear rod ventrally. Phallus slender and
riorly, capitate in ventral view. Phallus wide tubular, with ejaculatory duct protruding
basally, tubular sheath posteriorly enclosing distally. —
two pairs ofslender lateral rods, lateralmost Female. Unknown.
—
rods over twice length inner rods, inner Type material. Holotype, 6: Brazil,
rods originating from mesal bases of lateral Rondonia, creek 8 km S Cacaulandia, light
rods; slender ejaculatory duct protruding trap, 21 Novem—ber 1991, D. Petr.
tongue-like—beyond sheath. Etymology. Named for the locality of
Female. Unkn—own. the type specimen.
Type material. Holotype, S: Panama,
Barro Colorado Island, Snyder-Molino trail, Alisotrichia kanukiia Harris and Flint,
marker 3, light trap I, 23-29 November new species
1988, H. Wolda. (Figs. 26-30, 63-65)
—
Etymology. Spanish "flashlight," re- This new species is most closely related
ferring to the distinctive shape of the ven- to the previous species, A. cacaulandia, dif-
tral process within segment VIII. fering in the rounded shape of the eighth
segment in lateral aspect and in the struc-
Alisotrichia cacaidandia
ture of the process from the venter of seg-
Harris and Flint, new species ment IX -I- X which lacks the linear ventral
(Figs. 21-25)
rod. —
This new species is most closely related Male. Length 1.8-2.0 mm. Head and
to A. kcmukua from Guyana. Both have antenna brown, antennal scape greatly en-
elongate tubular phalli, both have seta-bear- larged and spatulate, 18 segments. Thorax
ing processes from segment VIII, and both brown, dorsally with mesal, white, longi-
have a tubular process running through seg- tudinal stripe. Forewing brown with white,
ment VIII, but probably attached to the ven- longitudinal stripe basally, white, trans-
ter of X. Alisotrichia cacaulandia is sepa- verse band at midlength, and scattered
rated from A. kcmukua on the basis of the white spots posteriorly. Abdominal seg-
scoop-shaped eighth segment, and the extra ment VII annular, without ventromesal
ventral p—rocess from X within this segment. process. Segment VIII oval, slightly taper-
Male. Length 1.9 mm. Brown in alco- ing posteriorly to rounded apex in lateral
hol with no distinguishing patterns. Anten- view, anterodorsally with pair of process
VOLUME 104. NUMBER I 201
Figs. 21-30. Male genitalia. 21-25. Alisotrichia cacaiiUmdia. 21, Lateral. 22, Dorsal. 23, Ventral. 24, Phal-
lus, ventral. 25. Phallus, lateral. 26-30, A. kamikua. 26, Lateral. 27, Dorsal. 28, Ventral. 29, Phallus, ventral.
30, Phallus, lateral.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
202
each bearing elongate seta; in ventral view both A. cacaulanclia and A. kanukua, A.
square with single mesal and paired lateral mathisi differs in the presence of a ventro-
incisions distally. Segment IX short and mesal process from .segment VII and in
fused with X, incomplete ventrally. Ter- having a spinose process from segment VIII
gum X rectangular, anteriorly with pair of which is similar to that seen in A. orophila
slender apodemes originating from ventro- Flint and A. paxilla. From these latter two
lateral margin IX + X and extending species, A. mathisi may be distinguished by
through segment V; dorsally with pair of the shape of the segment VIII spine and
parenthesis-like sclerites; venter of IX + from A. paxilla by the very differently
X with elongate tubular structure, down- formed p—hallus.
turned and pipe-like posteriorly. Phallus Male. Length 2.0 mm. Head brown
slender and tubular, with ejaculatory duct with profuse white hairs dorsally, antenna
protruding distally; tubular sheath sur- light brown with scape enlarged, distal
rounding d—istal portion of phallus. segments slightly widened, maxillary
Female. Length 1.9-2.2 mm. Colora- palps with subterminal segment greatly
tion as in male. Antenna with 17 segments, enlarged and bearing numerous stout setae
scape enlarged slightly and rounded. Ab- on outer margin. Thorax brown, dorsally
dominal segment VI as wide as long, ta- with patches of white hair on sides and
pering posteriorly. Segment VII rectangular middle. Forewing brown with longitudi-
with ring of setigerous lobes on posterior nal stripe ofwhite hair on anterior margin,
margin; dorsum with elongate mesal pro- which widens distally and curves inward,
cess. Segment VIII short, with pair of lat- several white spots on posterior margin
eral apodemes originating near junction and basally. Abdominal segment VII an-
with segment IX and extending anteriorly nular, with bifid ventromesal process.
into segment V. Segment IX rectangular, Segment VIII triangular in lateral view,
with pair of lateral apodemes extending an- apically shallowly bilobed, dorsal lobe
teriorly into segment VII. Segment X cone- bearing bifid spine, dorsolaterally with
shaped, with pair of posterolateral papillae. paired slender processes each bearing
Bursa copulatrix small and plate-like with elongate seta; square in ventral view, with
attached lateral wings, and with very long, shallow mesal incision posteriorly, lateral
mesal process extending posteriad. process thin and curving inwardly, bear-
—
Type material. Holotype, 6: Guyana, ing bifid spine. Segment IX short and
Kanuku Mountains, Moco River, 3°18.2'N, fused with X dorsally, incomplete ven-
59°38.9'W, 29 April 1995, O. S. Flint, Jr. trally. Tergum X rectanguloid, mesal
Paratypes: same data as holotype, 22 d, 20 notch distally, pair of sclerotized bands on
9. Moco-Moco, 10 km E Lethem, lateral margins; pair of slender apodemes
3°18.2'N, 59°39.0'W, 3-6 April, 1994, O. originating at anterolateral margins and
S. Flint, Jr., 4—6. extending through segment VI; in lateral
Etymology. Named for the type locali- view with structure at mid-height with flat
ty, the Kanuku Mountains, in southern dorsal margin and rounded ventral
Guyana. margin, apex turned downward and beak-
like, tubular in ventral view. Phallus slen-
Alisotrichia mathisi Harris and Flint, der, with small bilobed structure just
new species above mesal constriction, subapically
(Figs. 31-37, 68) with thin, triangular lamella protruding
Alisotrichia mathisi is similar to the pre- from vente—r.
vious two species based on the develop- Female. Length 2.0-2.2 mm. Colora-
ment ofthe venter ofsegment X and in pos- tion as in male. Antenna with 17 segments,
session of a simple tubular phallus. From scape enlarged slightly and rounded. Ab-
VOLUME 104. NUMBER 1 203
Figs. 31-42. 31-37, Alisotrichia mathisi, male. 31, Genitalia, lateral. 32, Same, dorsal. 33, Same, ventral.
34, Phallus, ventral. 35, Phallus, lateral. 36, Maxillary palpus, mesal. 37, Antenna, anterior 38-42, A. paxilla,
male genitalia. 38, Lateral. 39, Dorsal. 40, Ventral. 41. Phallus, ventral. 42, Phallus, lateral.
.
204 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
dominal segment VI as wide as long, ta- not have the accordion-like, anterior, mem-
pering posteriorly. Segment VII rectangu- branous section.
—
lar with ring of setiferous lobes on poste- Male. Length 1.5-1.8 mm. Brown in
rior margin; dorsum with elongate mesal alcohol. Antenna with 16 segments, scape
process. Segment VIII short, with pair of enlarged. Abdominal segment VII annu-
lateral apodemes originating near junction lar, with bifid ventromesal process. Seg-
with segment IX and extending anteriorly ment Vlll triangular in lateral view, dor-
into segment V. Segment IX rectangular, solaterally with pair of slender processes
with pair of lateral apodemes extending each bearing elongate seta, posteroven-
anteriorly into segment VII. Segment X trally with inner process bearing peg-like
conical, with pair of posterolateral papil- spine; apex square in ventral view, with
lae. Bursa copulatrix thin and elongate, shallow posteromesal emargination, pos-
membranous and folded accordion-like an- terolateral processes acute and angling
teriorly, posteriorly conical, with sclero- outward, each bearing peg-like spine.
tized lateral margins, internally with slen- Segment IX narrow and fused with X dor-
der, elongate rod, which extends posteri- sally, incomplete ventrally; pair of slender
orly. — apodemes originating laterally and ex-
Type material. Holotype. S Jamaica, tending anteriad through VII. Tergum X
:
St. Andrew, Mavis Bank (1.7 km E), Yal- rectanguloid. dorsally with pair of scler-
lahs River, 18°2.4'N, 77°39.5'W, el. 575 m, otized bands on lateral margins, narrow
1 May 2000, W. N. Mathis. Paratypes: membranous lobe mesally; in lateral view
Same data, 1 S\ same, but 21-22 April rectanguloid with ventral portion lobate;
2000, 2 d, 1 9. 4.3 km SE Mavis Bank, in ventral view with tubular mesal pro-
Yallahs River, 18°1.4'N, 76°38.1'W, el. 480 cess, sclerous laterally, and narrow, distal
m, 22-23 April 2000, 2 c?, 4 9. St. Thom- bridge bearing numerous tubercles. Phal-
as, Bath Fountain Spring, 17°57.6'N, lus slender with complex process origi-
76°21.3'W, 15 May 1996, D. & W. Mathis, nating at mesal constriction and bearing
H. Williams, 2—9 cluster of —elongate spines laterally.
Etymology. Named for Dr. Wayne N. Female. Length 1.9-2.1 mm. Colora-
Mathis, who collected all the material of tion as in male. Antenna with 13 seg-
this species while sweeping for shore flies. ments, scape enlarged slightly and round-
ed. Abdominal segment VI as wide as
Alisotrichiapaxilla Harris and Flint, long, tapering posteriorly. Segment VII
new species
rectangular with ring of setiferous lobes
(Figs. 38-42, 69) on posterior margin; dorsum with elon-
Alisotrichia paxilla is the second new gate mesal process. Segment VIII short,
species from Jamaica, and very similar to with pair of lateral apodemes originating
the previously described A. mathisi. Males near junction with segment IX and ex-
of both species have segment VIII termi- tending anteriorly into segment VII. Seg-
nating in a heavy spine, both have tergum ment IX rectangular, with pair of lateral
X with sclerotized margins, and both have apodemes extending anteriorly into seg-
an elongate, slender phallus. However, the ment VII. Segment X conical, with pair of
phallus ofA. paxilla has a complex median posterolateral papillae. Bursa copulatrix
structure which bears numerous spines, and narrow and elongate, membranous ante-
the posterior spine from segment Vlll is riorly with slender mesal sclerite, poste-
peg-like rather than bifid and acute, as seen riorly with long, slender process, tapering
in A. mathisi. Although the females of the apicad, bifid basa—lly.
two species are similar, both having a sim- Type material. Holotype, S: Jamaica,
ple, thin bursa copulatrix, A. paxilla does St. Ehzabeth, Elim, 18°7.1'N, 77°40.5'W,