Neutrinos in Physics and Astrophysics PDF
Preview Neutrinos in Physics and Astrophysics
1122998822__99778899881111226600993333__ttpp..iinndddd 11 1122//99//2222 99::0000 AAMM Recommended Titles in Related Topics Massive Neutrinos in Physics and Astrophysics Third Edition by Rabindra N Mohapatra and Palash B Pal ISBN: 978-981-238-070-8 ISBN: 978-981-238-071-5 (pbk) Chasing the Ghost: Nobelist Fred Reines and the Neutrino by Leonard A Cole ISBN: 978-981-126-093-3 YYoonnggQQii -- 1122998822 -- NNeeuuttrriinnooss iinn PPhhyyssiiccss aanndd AAssttrroopphhyyssiiccss..iinndddd 11 1122//99//22002222 88::4433::1166 aamm 1122998822__99778899881111226600993333__ttpp..iinndddd 22 1122//99//2222 99::0000 AAMM Published by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. 5 Toh Tuck Link, Singapore 596224 USA office: 27 Warren Street, Suite 401-402, Hackensack, NJ 07601 UK office: 57 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9HE Library of Congress Control Number: 2022946217 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. NEUTRINOS IN PHYSICS AND ASTROPHYSICS Copyright © 2023 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without written permission from the publisher. For photocopying of material in this volume, please pay a copying fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. In this case permission to photocopy is not required from the publisher. ISBN 978-981-126-093-3 (hardcover) ISBN 978-981-126-094-0 (ebook for institutions) ISBN 978-981-126-095-7 (ebook for individuals) For any available supplementary material, please visit https://www.worldscientific.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/12982#t=suppl Typeset by Stallion Press Email: [email protected] Printed in Singapore YYoonnggQQii -- 1122998822 -- NNeeuuttrriinnooss iinn PPhhyyssiiccss aanndd AAssttrroopphhyyssiiccss..iinndddd 22 1122//99//22002222 88::4433::1166 aamm September12,2022 15:4 ws-book9x6 NeutrinosinPhysicsandAstrophysics...-9inx6in B4899-main pagev To our families v B1948 Governing Asia TTThhhiiisss pppaaagggeee iiinnnttteeennntttiiiooonnnaaallllllyyy llleeefffttt bbblllaaannnkkk BB11994488__11--AAookkii..iinndddd 66 99//2222//22001144 44::2244::5577 PPMM September12,2022 15:4 ws-book9x6 NeutrinosinPhysicsandAstrophysics...-9inx6in B4899-main pagevii Preface Thisbookaimstobeapedagogicalapproachtothefieldofneutrinophysics and astrophysics. It should be useful to both graduate students and re- searchers in the field, and it may as well be useful as material for a course about the topics covered. It has indeed evolved from several lectures and coursesthatwegaveatUniversitiesandresearchinstitutionsovertheyears, aswellasfromthereviewarticleswehavewritteninthepastonthesesub- jects. Theneutrinoresearchisincontinuousprogressandcoversaverybroad rangeoftopics. Wehavetriedtodiscussthosethatarewellestablishedand to describe also the main developments which are expected in the near fu- tureinthedifferentareasatthefrontierofthefield. Besidesdescribingthe main laboratory studies of neutrinos from reactors and accelerators, which allowed to learn about neutrino interactions and oscillations, as well as the direct searches of neutrino masses using beta (and double-beta) decays of radioactive nuclei, we gave special emphasis to the natural sources of neu- trinos in the cosmos. In particular, we considered the geoneutrinos from theradioactivityoftheEarth,thosefromfusionreactionsintheSun,those from supernova explosions as well as those produced by cosmic rays when theyinteractinouratmosphereorwithgasorphotontargetstheytraverse intheirsourcesorduringtheirpropagation. Thehigh-energyastrophysical neutrinos have been detected in recent years and they have opened a new window to observe the Universe, which has strong connections with cosmic ray and gamma ray astronomies. We have also briefly considered the neu- trino background left over from the hot early Universe and its impact on big bang nucleosynthesis and on the large scale structure formation. Fi- nally, we discussed the basics of baryogenesis through leptogenesis, which provides a very attractive connection between the neutrinos and the origin vii September12,2022 15:4 ws-book9x6 NeutrinosinPhysicsandAstrophysics...-9inx6in B4899-main pageviii viii Neutrinos in Physics and Astrophysics of the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry of the Universe. Wehaveincludedattheendofthedifferentchaptersafewrecommended readings as a guidance to some of the many books and specialised review articlesthatcouldbeusefultodeepenthestudyofthedifferenttopics. We have in general made reference in the text to the more historical works as wellastothearticlesmoredirectlyrelatedwiththeexpositionfollowedbut, giventhehugeamountofworkswrittenonthesubjectscovered,whichcan becountedbythethousands,wehavenotbeenabletobeexhaustiveinthe citationsincluded. Wehenceapologizeinadvanceforthepossibleomissions of relevant works. We have also included at the end of the chapters a few suggested exercises that may be useful to follow some of the derivations of the expressions discussed in the text and also to consolidate the knowledge gained about the topics discussed. We want to thank our many collaborators, students and colleagues which helped us to learn and develop the field, including G. Battistoni, J. Candia, L. Covi, A. Capone, E. Cappellaro, S.R. Dugad, A. Esmaili, W. Fulgione, A. Gallo Rosso, G. Gelmini, G. Giudice, P. Gondolo, A. Ianni, P. Lipari, C. Mascaretti, S. Mollerach, E. Nardi, Y. Nir, A. Palladino, J. Racker, C. Righi, N. Rius, K. Rozwadowska, G. Sigl, A.Yu. Smirnov, M. Spurio, O. Straniero, A. Strumia, F. Tavecchio, D. Tommasini, D. Vescovi, C. Volpe and V. Zema. Esteban Roulet and Francesco Vissani, April 2022
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