Neuroviral Infections: General Principles and DNA Viruses

387 Pages·2013·6.154 MB·English

by  Sunit K Singh

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Singh
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Růžek
Neuroviral Infections
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General Principles and DNA Viruses u
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Neurovirology is an interdisciplinary field representing a melding of virology, clinical i
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neuroscience, molecular pathogenesis, diagnostic virology, molecular biology, and a
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immunology. Neuroviral Infections: General Principles and DNA Viruses covers recent
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developments in the area of neuroviral infections and discusses their role in related fields n
such as immunology, cell biology, and molecular biology. f
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After a general introduction, the book embarks on a discussion of the major neuroviral t
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infections caused by DNA viruses, covering emerging basic principles related to neuroviral o
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infections, and future challenges in virology. Each chapter details the organization of a
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particular viral genome and its pattern of gene expression. Additional discussions examine
viral structure, entry, assembly, release, and therapeutic development.
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Edited by
K16317
Sunit K. Singh and Daniel Růžek
6000 Broken Sound Parkway, NW
Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487
711 Third Avenue
New York, NY 10017
an informa business
2 Park Square, Milton Park
www.taylorandfrancisgroup.com Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN, UK www.crcpress.com
K16317_cover.indd 1 1/9/13 12:58 PM

Neuroviral
Infections
General Principles and DNA Viruses

Neuroviral
Infections
General Principles and DNA Viruses
Edited by
Sunit K. Singh and Daniel Růžek
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300
Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
© 2013 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
No claim to original U.S. Government works
Version Date: 20130126
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4665-6722-1 (eBook - PDF)
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Contents
Preface......................................................................................................................vii
Acknowledgement .....................................................................................................ix
Editors .......................................................................................................................xi
Contributors ...........................................................................................................xiii
Section i Principles of Viral infections of the
nervous System
Chapter 1 Neuroviral Infections: A Historical Perspective ..................................3
Georg Gosztonyi and Manfred Sell
Chapter 2 Neuroviral Infections and Immunity .................................................21
Bersabeh Tigabu, Fabian de Kok-Mercado, and Michael R. Holbrook
Chapter 3 Controlling Neuroinflammation: Lessons from Rabies Virus ............63
Monique Lafon
Chapter 4 Laboratory Diagnosis of CNS Viral Infections .................................87
Alexander C. Outhred, Jen Kok, and Dominic E. Dwyer
Chapter 5 New Trends in Antiviral Therapy of CNS Infections ......................129
Renan B. Domingues
Chapter 6 Animal Models of Viral Encephalitis ..............................................143
Keith E. Steele
Section ii neurotropic DnA Viruses and their Diseases
Chapter 7 Herpes Simplex Virus and Human CNS Infections .........................169
Marcela Kúdelová and Július Rajčáni
v
vi Contents
Chapter 8 Changes Associated with CNS Infections Caused by the
Herpesvirus Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) and Models
of VZV Neurotropism ......................................................................215
Paul R. Kinchington
Chapter 9 Epstein–Barr Virus and CNS Infections ..........................................245
Antonio Volpi and Francesca Pica
Chapter 10 Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection ..................................................273
Souichi Yamada, Rumi Taniguchi, Isao Kosugi, and Naoki Inoue
Chapter 11 Human Herpesvirus 6A, 6B, and 7 Encephalitis .............................313
Joseph Ongrádi, Balázs Stercz, Valéria Kövesdi, Károly Nagy,
Joshua Prichett, Dharam V. Ablashi, and Steven Jacobson
Chapter 12 Human Polyomavirus JC and Progressive Multifocal
Leukoencephalopathy.......................................................................347
Monica Mischitelli, Daniela Fioriti, Anna Bellizzi,
Elena Anzivino, Fernanda Chiarini, and Valeria Pietropaolo
Preface
Neurovirology is an interdisciplinary field that represents a melding of virology,
clinical neuroscience, molecular biology, and immunology. Apart from clinical
neuroscience, neurovirology includes molecular virology, biochemical virology,
diagnostic virology, and molecular pathogenesis, and is inextricably bound to the
field of immunology. Neurovirology became an established field within the past 30
years. Since then, there has been tremendous explosion of information related to
viral infections of the central nervous system, and several new viruses have been dis-
covered as well. The aim of this book is to present an up-to-date overview on major
neuroviral infections caused by DNA viruses and general principles of infections to
virologists, specialists in infectious diseases, teachers of virology, and postgraduate
students of medicine, virology, neurosciences, or immunology. We hope that it will
serve as a useful resource for all others interested in the field of viral infections of
the central nervous system.
An inclusive and comprehensive book such as this is clearly beyond the capacity
of an individual’s effort. Therefore, we are fortunate and honored to have a large
panel of internationally renowned virologists as chapter contributors, whose detailed
knowledge on viral neuroinfections have greatly enriched this book.
We conceptualized this book in two sections, beginning with general introduc-
tory chapters and concluding with the specific information pertinent to individual
major DNA viruses and their diseases. Section I, “Principles of Viral Infections of
the Nervous System,” provides basic information on the history of neurovirology,
pathogenesis of neuroviral diseases, neuroinflammation, and animal models in neu-
rovirology, and summarizes recent methods of diagnosis of the neuroviral infections
and new therapeutic approaches. Section II, “Neurotropic DNA Viruses and Their
Diseases,” contains chapters on the main neurotropic DNA viruses and virus fami-
lies. Each chapter consists of a review on the classification, epidemiology, clinical fea-
tures, and diagnostic and therapeutic approaches of one or a group of related viruses.
The professionalism and dedication of executive editor Barbara Norwitz and
senior project coordinator Jill Jurgensen at CRC Press contributed greatly to the
final presentation of the book. Our appreciations extend to our families for their
understanding and support during the compilation of this book.
Sunit K. Singh
Daniel Růžek
vii