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Neurorehabilitation of the Upper Limb Across the Lifespan: Managing Hypertonicity for Optimal Function PDF

387 Pages·2014·5.9 MB·English
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Neurorehabilitation of the Upper Limb Across the Lifespan Neurorehabilitation of the Upper Limb Across the Lifespan Managing Hypertonicity for Optimal Function Dr. Jodie Copley SeniorLecturerandClinicalEducator SchoolofHealthandRehabilitationSciences TheUniversityofQueensland,Australia Dr. Kathy Kuipers OptimiseRehab,Queensland,Australia Lecturer,SchoolofHealthandRehabilitationSciences TheUniversityofQueensland,Australia Thiseditionfirstpublished2014©2014byJohnWiley&Sons,Ltd. Registeredoffice:JohnWiley&Sons,Ltd,TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex, PO198SQ,UK Editorialoffices:9600GarsingtonRoad,Oxford,OX42DQ,UK TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex,PO198SQ,UK 111RiverStreet,Hoboken,NJ07030-5774,USA Fordetailsofourglobaleditorialoffices,forcustomerservicesandforinformationabouthowtoapplyfor permissiontoreusethecopyrightmaterialinthisbookpleaseseeourwebsiteatwww.wiley.com/ wiley-blackwell Therightoftheauthortobeidentifiedastheauthorofthisworkhasbeenassertedinaccordancewiththe UKCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,or transmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recordingorotherwise, exceptaspermittedbytheUKCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,withoutthepriorpermissionof thepublisher. Designationsusedbycompaniestodistinguishtheirproductsareoftenclaimedastrademarks.Allbrand namesandproductnamesusedinthisbookaretradenames,servicemarks,trademarksorregistered trademarksoftheirrespectiveowners.Thepublisherisnotassociatedwithanyproductorvendor mentionedinthisbook.Itissoldontheunderstandingthatthepublisherisnotengagedinrendering professionalservices.Ifprofessionaladviceorotherexpertassistanceisrequired,theservicesofa competentprofessionalshouldbesought. Thecontentsofthisworkareintendedtofurthergeneralscientificresearch,understanding,anddiscussion onlyandarenotintendedandshouldnotberelieduponasrecommendingorpromotingaspecificmethod, diagnosis,ortreatmentbyhealthsciencepractitionersforanyparticularpatient.Thepublisherandthe authormakenorepresentationsorwarrantieswithrespecttotheaccuracyorcompletenessofthecontents ofthisworkandspecificallydisclaimallwarranties,includingwithoutlimitationanyimpliedwarrantiesof fitnessforaparticularpurpose.Inviewofongoingresearch,equipmentmodifications,changesin governmentalregulations,andtheconstantflowofinformationrelatingtotheuseofmedicines,equipment, anddevices,thereaderisurgedtoreviewandevaluatetheinformationprovidedinthepackageinsertor instructionsforeachmedicine,equipment,ordevicefor,amongotherthings,anychangesinthe instructionsorindicationofusageandforaddedwarningsandprecautions.Readersshouldconsultwitha specialistwhereappropriate.ThefactthatanorganizationorWebsiteisreferredtointhisworkasacitation and/orapotentialsourceoffurtherinformationdoesnotmeanthattheauthororthepublisherendorses theinformationtheorganizationorWebsitemayprovideorrecommendationsitmaymake.Further, readersshouldbeawarethatInternetWebsiteslistedinthisworkmayhavechangedordisappeared betweenwhenthisworkwaswrittenandwhenitisread.Nowarrantymaybecreatedorextendedbyany promotionalstatementsforthiswork.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorshallbeliableforanydamages arisingherefrom. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Copley,Jodie,author. Neurorehabilitationoftheupperlimbacrossthelifespan:managinghypertonicityforoptimal function/Dr.JodieCopley,Dr.KathyKuipers. p.;cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978-0-470-67031-6(pbk.) I. Kuipers,Kathy,author.II. Title. [DNLM: 1. MuscleHypertonia–rehabilitation.2. UpperExtremity–physiopathology. 3. BrainInjuries–complications.4. MovementDisorders–therapy.5. OrthopedicFixation Devices.6. Patient-CenteredCare. WE805] RC387.5 617.4′810443–dc23 2013049512 AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. Wileyalsopublishesitsbooksinavarietyofelectronicformats.Somecontentthatappearsinprintmaynot beavailableinelectronicbooks. Setin9/11ptMinionProbyLaserwordsPrivateLimited,Chennai,India 1 2014 Contents Acknowledgements,ix 1. SeeingtheBiggerPicture:UsingClients’ExperiencestoShapeClinical Practice,1 1.1. Appreciatingtheclient’sexperiences,1 1.2. Providingorassistingaccesstolong-termservices,1 1.3. Initiatingandsupportingtransitionsfromoneservicetothenext,3 1.4. Listeningcarefullyandprovidingrelevantinformation,4 1.5. Collaboratingonachievablegoals,5 1.6. Activelysupportingandinvolvingcaregivers,6 1.7. Thisbook:Promotingcollaborative,client-centredintervention,7 References,7 2. WhatHappenstotheUpperLimbAfterBrainInjury?,9 2.1. Motorcontrolandnormalmovement,9 2.2. Upperlimbmovement,17 2.3. Braininjuryandmovementdysfunction,19 2.4. Uppermotorneuronsyndrome,20 2.5. Theclinicalpicture:Interactionofpositiveandnegativefeatures,37 2.6. Summary,45 References,45 3. TheHypertonicityInterventionPlanningModelforUpperLimb Neurorehabilitation,54 3.1. Decision-makinginclinicalpractice,54 3.2. Evidence-basedpractice:Whatitisandwhatitisn’t,56 3.3. Clinicalreasoning:Aprocessofintegrationanddifferentiation,61 3.4. Thehypertonicityinterventionplanningmodelforupperlimbneurorehabilitation,65 3.5. Summary,73 References,73 4. MakingSenseoftheClinicalPicture,80 4.1. TheICFasanassessmentframework,80 4.2. Gatheringinformation,81 4.3. Upperlimbassessment,87 4.4. Goalformulation,107 4.5. Summary,110 References,111 4.A. InformationGatheringUsingaConceptMapStructure,116 4.B. UpperLimbPerformanceAnalysis(ULPA)Part2:ComparativeAnalysisofPerformance– Motor(CAP-M),117 4.C. UpperLimbHypertonicityAssessmentForm,119 5. CaseStudies,128 5.1. Wendy,128 5.2. Harry,134 5.3. Tony,138 5.4. Summary,144 v vi Contents 6. MovementandStrengthTraining,145 6.1. Changesinrehabilitationtheoryandpractice,145 6.2. Commonrehabilitationapproaches:Assumptions,principlesandstrategies,146 6.3. Aselectionofcontemporarytechniques:Indicationsandconsiderations,149 6.4. Summary,176 References,177 7. Splinting,186 7.1. Splinting:Proposedmechanismsofeffect,186 7.2. Splintingresearch:Anarrativereview,190 7.3. Hypertonicityinterventionplanningmodel(HIPM):Indicationsforsplinting,202 7.4. Splintprescription,202 7.5. Commonsplintdesigns,213 7.6. Adaptingsplintdesigns,214 7.7. Commercially-producedSplints,214 7.8. Wearingschedules,216 7.9. Fabricationprinciples,218 7.10. Summary,223 References,223 7.A. CommonSplintDesigns,PatternsandFabricationInstructions,230 7.B. SplintCareandPrecautions,274 7.C. ExampleofaPhotographicSplintProgramme,275 8. Casting,278 8.1. Castingclassification,278 8.2. Castingresearch:Anarrativereview,282 8.3. Indicationsforcasting,284 8.4. Contraindicationsforcasting,284 8.5. Castingconsiderations,290 8.6. Castingprocess,294 8.7. Post-castingfollow-upprogramme,298 8.8. Summary,301 References,301 8.A. CastingProcedures,304 8.B. CastingforArmsandHands:InformationSheet,316 8.C. CastingAgreement,317 8.D. CastingDocumentationFormPage1,318 8.D. CastingDocumentationFormPage1,319 8.E. PrecautionsandCastCareDuringCastingSeries,320 9. BotulinumNeurotoxin,321 9.1. Clostridiumbotulinum,321 9.2. Mechanismofeffect,323 9.3. Botulinumneurotoxinresearch:Anarrativereview,326 9.4. Guidelinesforpractice,329 9.5. Summary,335 References,335 10. Surgery,339 10.1. Classificationofsurgicalprocedures,339 10.2. Surgery:Anarrativereview,340 10.3. Indicationsforsurgicalintervention,347 10.4. Surgicalconsultation:Informationsharing,350 Contents vii 10.5. Post-surgeryfollow-up,351 10.6. Summary,352 References,352 11. CaseStudiesRevisited,355 11.1. Wendy–interventionprocessandoutcomes,355 11.2. Harry–interventionprocessandoutcomes,360 11.3. Tony–interventionprocessandoutcomes,362 11.4. Summary,366 Index,369

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A comprehensive guide to managing spastic hypertonia after brain injury and the first full overview of this area The ideal reference for therapeutic interventions that optimise arm and hand function to support goal achievement An extensive clinical manual for neurological practice, a key reference f
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