Neuroplasticity & Aphasia Rehabilitation

134 Pages·2014·6.67 MB·English

Ne ur o pl a st i ci t y & Apha si a Re ha bi l i t a t i o n:
An Upda t e a nd Ne w Pe r spe ct i ves
Amy Rodriguez, The University of Queensland
Linda Worrall, The University of Queensland
Anastasia Raymer, Old Dominion University
Miranda Rose, LaTrobe University
Abby Foster, The University of Queensland; LaTrobe University
Erin Godecke, Edith Cowan University
The presenters have no personal or financial conflicts of interest.
S e m in a r O u tlin e

• Overview & Update of Neuroplasticity Principles
• Perspectives & Evidence: Acute Settings
• Perspectives & Evidence: Chronic Aphasia Rehabilitation
• Neuroplasticity: What about the ICF?
• Question/Answer and Facilitated Discussion

• Handouts, references
Overview and Update
of Neuroplasticity
Principles
Raymer Acknowledgements & Conflicts….
JSLHR 2008 Collaborators

Pelagie Beeson Lori Altmann
Audrey Holland Mary Boyle
Diane Kendall Tim Conway
Lynn Maher William Hula
Nadine Martin Kevin Kearns
Laura Murray Brenda Rapp
Miranda Rose Nina Simmons-Mackie
Cynthia Thompson Leslie Gonzalez Rothi
Lyn Turkstra
JSLHR 2008/ 2011 update Collaborators

Leora Cherney Janet Patterson
Toby Frymark Tracy Schooling
Rob Mullen
I have no personal or financial conflicts of interest
Neuroplasticity
Warraich & Kleim, 2010
“the capacity for neurons to structurally and
functionally adapt to reorganize neural circuits”

“any change in neuron structure or function that is
observed either directly from measures of
individual neurons or inferred from measures
taken across populations of neurons”

-an idea that originated with James (1890)
Neuroplasticity
“...neurons, among other
brain cells, possess the
remarkable ability to alter
their structure and
function in response to a
variety of internal and
external pressures,
including behavioral
training.” (Kleim & Jones,
2008)
“...When the brain changes, this is
reflected in behavioral change”
-learning
-aging
*recovery
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B1 B3 B5 B7 P1 P3 P5 P7 M1 M3 M5 M7 M9 M11 M13
Session
Experience-dependent Neuroplasticity

An enriched experience changes the brain
Rosenzweig & Bennett 1996; Petrosini et al., 2009

We must understand ways to amplify the
experiences in therapy to maximize benefits and
minimize counterproductive effects
Principles of Neuroplasticity:
Animal Models
Kleim & Jones, JSLHR 2008;
Kleim JCD 2011; Kerr et al., JCD 2011
Use it or Lose it • Time Matters
•
Use it and Improve it • Salience Matters
•
Specificity necessary
• • Age Matters
Repetition Matters
•
• Transference happens
Intensity Matters
•
• Interference happens
Dependent Variables: Outcome Measures

Acquisition Generalization Interference Maintenance Neural

/Transference Effects

s

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: o Timing
s i
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a o Intensity
ri C
a

V
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p Quantity
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m
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n t
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I e Salience
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Treatment
Variables
Neural
Conditions
Semantics
Phonology
Language
Orthography
Domain
Morphosyntax
Pragmatics/Discourse/Social
Raymer et al., 2008