Networking Regionalised Innovative Labour Markets

224 Pages·2012·2.189 MB·English

by  Ulrich Hilpert, Helen Lawton Smith

Networking Regionalised
Innovative Labour Markets
A map which shows where innovation is clustered worldwide is also a map of the
location of highly skilled and talented labour. New technologies, their creative
applications or synergy across different areas of scientifi c research or technology
development always create opportunities for the employment of particularly crea-
tive labour. This book explores the kinds of institutions and structures that need
to exist to make sure that such skills are both offered and employed in particular
‘Islands of Innovation’.
Networking Regionalised Innovative Labour Markets illustrates the theme of
how existing concentrations of skills in scientifi c, technological and managerial
elites are reinforced through inter-regional mobility using exemplars from a
range of countries and regions. These include the US, UK, Italy, Germany, and
Central and Eastern Europe.
The book’s originality lies in its in-depth assessments of the factors associated
with the extent to which some regions hold their positions in networked Islands
of Innovation. It is shown that those Islands of Innovation that attract highly
skilled workers from abroad, particularly those from foreign Islands of Innovation,
perform better for example in the US, Italy and the UK. In contrast, even the most
innovative Czech regions tend to lose highly skilled workers vis-à-vis the most
innovative regions of the world, mainly to regions in the USA.
Ulrich Hilpert is Professor and Chair of Comparative Government in the Faculty
of Social and Behavioral Sciences at Friedrich Schiller University, Jena,
Germany.
Helen Lawton Smith is Professor of Entrepreneurship in the Department of
Management at Birkbeck, University of London, UK.
Regions and Cities
Managing Editor
Gillian Bristow, University of Cardiff, UK.
Editors
Maryann Feldman, University of Georgia, USA,
Gernot Grabher, University of Bonn, Germany,
Ron Martin, University of Cambridge, UK,
Martin Perry, Massey University, New Zealand.
In today’s globalised, knowledge-driven and networked world, regions and cities
have assumed heightened signifi cance as the interconnected nodes of economic,
social and cultural production, and as sites of new modes of economic and
territorial governance and policy experimentation. This book series brings
together incisive and critically engaged international and interdisciplinary
research on this resurgence of regions and cities, and should be of interest to
geographers, economists, sociologists, political scientists and cultural scholars, as
well as to policy-makers involved in regional and urban development. For more
information on the Regional Studies Association visit www.regionalstudies.org
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1. Beyond Green Belts 3. Regional Development in
Managing urban growth in the 1990s
the 21st Century The British Isles in transition
Edited by John Herington Edited by Ron Martin and Peter
Townroe
2. Retreat from the Regions
Corporate change and the closure 4. Spatial Policy in a Divided Nation
of factories Edited by Richard T. Harrison and
Stephen Fothergill and Nigel Guy Mark Hart
5. An Enlarged Europe 12. Innovation Networks and
Regions in competition? Learning Regions?
Edited by Louis Albrechts, James Simmie
Sally Hardy, Mark Hart and
Anastasios Katos 13. Regional Policy in Europe
S. S. Artobolevskiy
6. The Regional Imperative
Regional planning and 14. New Institutional Spaces
governance in Britain, TECs and the remaking of
Europe and the economic governance
United States Edited by Martin Jones and
Urlan A. Wannop Jamie Peck
7. The Determinants of Small 15. The Coherence of EU
Firm Growth Regional Policy
An inter-regional study Contrasting perspectives on the
in the United Kingdom structural funds
1986–90 Edited by John Bachtler
Richard Barkham, and Ivan Turok
Graham Gudgin, Mark Hart
and Eric Hanvey 16. Multinationals and European
Integration
8. The Regional Dimension of Trade, investment and regional
Transformation in Central development
Europe Edited by Nicholas A. Phelps
Grzegorz Gorzelak
17. Unemployment and Social
9. Union Retreat and Exclusion
the Regions Landscapes of labour inequality
The shrinking landscape of and social exclusion
organised labour Edited by Sally Hardy, Paul
Ron Martin, Peter Sunley Lawless and Ron Martin
and Jane Wills
18. Metropolitan Planning in
10. Regional Development Britain
Strategies A comparative study
A European perspective Edited by Peter Roberts,
Edited by Jeremy Alden and Kevin Thomas and
Philip Boland Gwyndaf Williams
11. British Regionalism and 19. Social Exclusion in
Devolution European Cities
The challenges of state reform Processes, experiences and
and European integration responses
Edited by Jonathan Bradbury Edited by Judith Allen, Goran
and John Mawson Cars and Ali Madanipour
20. Regional Development 28. Regions, Spatial Strategies
Agencies in Europe and Sustainable
Edited by Charlotte Damborg, Development
Mike Danson and David Counsell and
Henrik Halkier Graham Haughton
21. Community Economic 29. Clusters and Regional
Development Development
Edited by Graham Haughton Critical refl ections and
explorations
22. Foreign Direct Investment and Edited by Bjørn Asheim,
the Global Economy Philip Cooke and
Corporate and institutional Ron Martin
dynamics of global-localisation
Edited by Jeremy Alden and 30. Regional Competitiveness
Nicholas F. Phelps Edited by Ron Martin,
Michael Kitson and
23. Restructuring Industry and Peter Tyler
Territory
The experience of Europe’s 31. Regional Development in the
regions Knowledge Economy
Edited by Anna Giunta, Arnoud Edited by Philip Cooke and
Lagendijk and Andy Pike Andrea Piccaluga
24. Out of the Ashes? 32. The Rise of the English
The social impact of industrial Regions?
contraction and regeneration on Edited by Irene Hardill,
Britain’s mining communities Paul Benneworth, Mark Baker
Chas Critcher, Bella Dicks, and Leslie Budd
David Parry and David
Waddington 33. Geographies of the
New Economy
25. Regional Innovation Strategies Critical refl ections
The challenge for Edited by Peter W. Daniels,
less-favoured regions Andrew Leyshon,
Edited by Kevin Morgan and Michael J. Bradshaw and
Claire Nauwelaers Jonathan Beaverstock
26. Geographies of Labour 34. European Cohesion Policy
Market Inequality Willem Molle
Edited by Ron Martin and
Philip S. Morrison 35. Creative Regions
Technology, culture and
27. Sustainable Cities knowledge entrepreneurship
Graham Haughton and Edited by Philip Cooke and
Colin Hunter Dafna Schwartz
36. Devolution, Regionalism and 44. The Futures of the City Region
Regional Development Edited by Michael Neuman
The UK experience and Angela Hull
Edited by Jonathan Bradbury
45. Migration in the 21st Century:
37. Intelligent Cities and Rights, Outcomes, and Policy
Globalisation of Innovation Kim Korinek and
Networks Thomas Maloney
Nicos Komninos
46. Leadership and Place
38. Whither Regional Studies? Edited by Chris Collinge,
Edited by Andy Pike John Gibney and Chris Mabey
39. Business Networks in Clusters 47. Beyond Territory
and Industrial Districts Edited by Harald Bathelt,
The governance of the global Maryann Feldman and
value chain Dieter F. Kogler
Edited by Fiorenza Belussi and
Alessia Sammarra 48. The Recession and Beyond
Local and regional responses
40. China and Europe to the downturn
The implications of the rise of Edited by David Bailey and
China as a global economic Caroline Chapain
power for Europe
Edited by Klaus Kunzmann, 49. Cultural Political Economy
Willy A. Schmid and Martina of Small Cities
Koll-Schretzenmayr Edited by Anne Lorentzen and
Bas van Heur
41. Globalizing Regional
Development in East Asia 50. Just Growth
Production networks, clusters, Inclusion and prosperity in
and entrepreneurship America’s metropolitan regions
Edited by Henry Wai-chung Chris Benner and
Yeung Manuel Pastor
42. Manufacturing in the New 51. Industrial Policy Beyond
Urban Economy the Crisis
Willem van Winden, Regional, national and
Leo van den Berg, Luis de international perspectives
Carvalho and Erwin van Tuijl Edited by David Bailey,
Helena Lenihan and
43. The Impacts of Automotive Josep-Maria Arauzo-Carod
Plant Closures
A tale of two cities 52. Promoting Silicon Valleys in
Edited by Andrew Beer Latin America
and Holli Evans Luciano Ciravegna
53. Regional Development in 58. Community-based
Northern Europe Entrepreneurship and
Peripherality, marginality and Rural Development
border issues Creating favourable conditions
Edited by Mike Danson and for small businesses in Central
Peter De Souza Europe
Matthias Fink,
54. Creating Knowledge Stephan Loidl and
Locations in Cities Richard Lang
Innovation and integration
challenges 59. Regional Development
Willem van Winden, Agencies: The Next
Luis de Carvalho, Generation?
Erwin van Tujil, Networking, knowledge and
Jeroen van Haaren and regional policies
Leo van den Berg Edited by Nicola Bellini,
Mike Danson and
55. Complex Adaptive Innovation Henrik Halkier
Systems
Relatedness and transversality in 60. Leadership and Change in
the evolving region Sustainable Regional
Philip Cooke Development
Edited by Markku Sotarauta,
56. Innovation Governance in an Ina Horlings and
Open Economy Joyce Liddle
Shaping regional nodes in a
globalized world 61. Networking Regionalised
Edited by Annika Rickne, Innovative Labour Markets
Staffan Laestadius and Edited by Ulrich Hilpert and
Henry Etzkowitz Helen Lawton Smith
57. Creative Industries and 62. Re-framing Regional
Innovation in Europe Development
Concepts, measures Evolution, innovation and
and comparative case studies transition
Edited by Luciana Lazzeretti Edited by Philip Cooke
Networking Regionalised
Innovative Labour Markets
Edited by
Ulrich Hilpert and
Helen Lawton Smith
F irst published 2013
by Routledge
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by Routledge
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R outledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2013 Ulrich Hilpert and Helen Lawton Smith for selection and editorial matter;
the contributors for their contributions
The right of the editors to be identifi ed as the authors of the editorial material,
and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance
with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
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B ritish Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
L ibrary of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
N etworking regionalised innovative labour markets / edited by Ulrich Hilpert and Helen
Lawton Smith.
p. cm.
I ncludes bibliographical references and index.
1 . Regional economics. 2. Technological innovations—Economic aspects. 3. Labor market.
4. Business networks. I. Hilpert, Ulrich. II. Lawton Smith, Helen.
HT388.N47125 2012
686.2’24—dc23 2012007400
I SBN: 978-0-415-68356-2 (hbk)
I SBN: 978-0-203-10082-0 (ebk)
T ypeset in Times New Roman
by Cenveo Publisher Services
Contents

L ist of fi gures xi
List of tables xiii
Notes on contributors xv
Preface (Ulrich Hilpert and Helen Lawton Smith) xvii
PART I
Introduction – Exchange of knowledge and the
building of networks 1
1. Networking innovative regional labour markets:
towards spatial concentration and mutual
exchange of competence, knowledge and synergy 3
ULRICH HILPERT
PART II
Islands of Innovation and networks
of innovative regional labour markets 33
2. Labour for regional innovation: the role of researchers for
development and patterns of recruitment 35
ULRICH HILPERT
3. Star scientists, Islands of Innovation and
internationally networked labour markets 58
MICHAELA TRIPPL
4. Metropolitan area migration patterns of the
scientifi c and engineering workforce within
the United States 78
VIJAI SINGH AND CHRISTOPHER BRIEM