Network Analysis in Archaeology: New Approaches to Regional Interaction

371 Pages·2013·6.57 MB·English

by  Carl Knappett

NETWORK ANALYSIS IN ARCHAEOLOGY
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Network Analysis in
Archaeology
New Approaches to Regional Interaction
Editedby
CARL KNAPPETT
1
3
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Acknowledgements
Thisvolumearisesfromasessionorganizedatthe75thAnniversaryMeeting
oftheSocietyforAmericanArchaeologyatStLouis,Missouri.Iwouldliketo
thankallthespeakersatthesessionforrespondingtomyinvitation,andthen
being so professional in promptly converting their oral papers into written
chapters for this publication. Ray Rivers covered for me when at the last
minute I was unable to make the trip to St Louis. Indeed, Ray has been an
incrediblyinformativeandpatientinterlocutorformyresearchintonetworks
fornearlyadecadenow,ashashiscolleagueatImperialCollege,TimEvans.
I am extremely grateful to both of them. Elena Soboleva gamely took on the
challenge of producing a cover image, and I thank her warmly. At Oxford
University Press, Hilary O’Shea and Taryn Das Neves have once again been
incrediblyhelpfulandaccommodating.
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Contents
ListofContributors ix
FiguresandTables xv
PartI: Background
1. Introduction:whynetworks? 3
CarlKnappett
2. Socialnetworkanalysisandthepracticeofhistory 17
JohnEdwardTerrell
3. ‘Owhatatangledwebweweave’—towardsapracticethat
doesnotdeceive 43
LeifIsaksen
PartII: SitesandSettlements
4. Brokenlinksandblackboxes:materialaffiliationsand
contextualnetworksynthesisintheVikingworld 71
SørenM.Sindbæk
5. Positioningpowerinamulti-relationalframework:asocialnetwork
analysisofClassicMayapoliticalrhetoric 95
JonathanB.Scholnick,JessicaL.Munson,andMarthaJ.Macri
6. Whatmakesasiteimportant?Centrality,gateways,andgravity 125
RayRivers,CarlKnappett,andTimEvans
7. Evolutionofprestigegoodsystems:anapplicationofnetworkanalysis
tothetransformationofcommunicationsystemsandtheirmedia 151
KojiMizoguchi
PartIII: MaterialCulture
8. ThedynamicsofsocialnetworksintheLatePrehispanic
USSouthwest 181
BarbaraJ.Mills,JohnM.RobertsJr.,JefferyJ.Clark,William
R.HaasJr.,DeborahHuntley,MatthewA.Peeples,LewisBorck,
SusanC.Ryan,MeaghanTrowbridge,andRonaldL.Breiger
9. Socialnetworks,pathdependence,andtheriseofethnicgroups
inpre-RomanItaly 203
EmmaBlake
viii Contents
10. Re-thinkingJewishethnicitythroughsocialnetworkanalysis 223
AnnaCollar
11. Groundingthenet:socialnetworks,materialculture,and
geographyintheEpipalaeolithicandearlyNeolithicofthe
NearEast((cid:2)21–6,000calbce) 247
FionaCoward
12. Evaluatingadaptivenetworkstrategieswithgeochemical
sourcingdata:acasestudyfromtheKurilIslands 281
ErikGjesfjeldandS.ColbyPhillips
13. OldboynetworksintheindigenousCaribbean 307
AngusMolandJimmyMans
PartIV
14. Archaeology,networks,informationprocessing,andbeyond 335
SandervanderLeeuw
Index 349
List of Contributors
EmmaBlake isAssistantProfessorintheSchoolofAnthropology,University
of Arizona, USA. An archaeologist who studies Italy in the second and first
millennia bce, her doctoral dissertation focused on monumentality on Sar-
diniaintheBronzeAge.Sheconductsfieldworkinnorth-westSicily,currently
as co-director of the Marsala Hinterland Survey, an intensive field survey
alongthecoastadjacenttothePhoeniciancolonyofMotya.Sheisalsowriting
abookonsocialnetworksandemergentethnicitiesinpre-RomanItaly.
Lewis Borck is a PhD student in the School of Anthropology, University of
Arizona, USA. He studies forms of resistance in the archaeological record,
often by focusing on the social, cultural, and spatial interactions of marginal
groupswiththeirmorepowerfulneighbours.Heisalsointerestedincombin-
ing GIS and social network analysis. His master’s research applied these
theoretical and methodological interests to the Gallina region of the prehis-
toricNorthAmericanSouthwest.
RonaldL. BreigerisProfessorintheDepartment ofSociology,Universityof
Arizona. His interests include social networks, adversarial networks, stratifi-
cation,mathematicalmodels,theory,andmeasurementissuesinculturaland
institutionalanalysis.
JefferyClarkhasbeenaPreservationArchaeologistatArchaeologySouthwest
inTucsonforoveradecade.HereceivedhisPhDandMAfromtheUniversity
of Arizona and his BA from Cornell University. Dr Clark’s research has
focusedonassessingthescaleandimpactof humanmigration.Hehasspent
the past twenty years studying late pre-contact migrations in central and
southern Arizona. During the 1990s, he supervised large contract projects in
this region as project director for Desert Archaeology, Inc. Dr Clark has also
workedextensivelyinsouth-westAsia,includingIsrael,Syria,andIraq.
Anna Collar is a Fellow of the McDonald Institute for Archaeological
Research, University of Cambridge. Her doctoral dissertation explored the
spread of religious innovations across military, ethnic, and belief-based
networks in the Roman empire. The expanded and revised version is
under review at Cambridge University Press. She has recently organized
an international conference on networks: The Connected Past: People, Net-
works and Complexity in Archaeology and History.
Fiona Coward teaches at Royal Holloway, University of London. Her work
focuses on cognitive and social evolution and its impact on cultural