Netter's Head and Neck Anatomy for Dentistry

715 Pages·2016·54.704 MB·English

by  Neil Norton

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2015v1.0
STUDY SMART
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N E IL S. N O RT O N
N ETTER’S
H EAD N EC K
AN D
AN ATO MY
D EN TISTRY
FO R
3RD EDITION
NEIL S. NORTON, PhD
Associate Dean for Admissions
Professor of Oral Biology
School of Dentistry
Creighton University
Omaha, Nebraska
Illustrations by Frank H. Netter, MD
Contributing Illustrators
Carlos A.G. Machado, MD
Kip Carter, MS, CMI
Andrew E. B. Swift, MS, CMI
William M. Winn, MS, FAMI
Tiffany S. DaVanzo, MA, CMI
James A. Perkins, MS, MFA
John A. Craig, MD
1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd.
Ste 1800
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899
Netter’s Head and Neck Anatomy or Dentistry ISBN: 978-0-323-39228-0
Copyright © 2017 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
No part o this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any orm or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any in ormation storage and retrieval system, without
permission in writing rom the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, urther in ormation about
the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright
Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be ound at our website: www.elsevier.com/
permissions.
This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher
(other than as may be noted herein).
Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this f eld are constantly changing. As new research and experience
broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, pro essional practices, or medical treatment
may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in
evaluating and using any in ormation, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In
using such in ormation or methods they should be mind ul o their own sa ety and the sa ety o
others, including parties or whom they have a pro essional responsibility.
With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identif ed, readers are advised to check the
most current in ormation provided (i) on procedures eatured or (ii) by the manu acturer o each
product to be administered, to veri y the recommended dose or ormula, the method and duration o
administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility o practitioners, relying on their own
experience and knowledge o their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best
treatment or each individual patient, and to take all appropriate sa ety precautions.
To the ullest extent o the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors,
assume any liability or any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter o products
liability, negligence or otherwise, or rom any use or operation o any methods, products, instructions,
or ideas contained in the material herein.
Previous editions copyrighted 2012 and 2007 by Saunders, an imprint o Elsevier Inc.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Norton, Neil Scott, author. | Netter, Frank H. (Frank Henry),
1906-1991, illustrator.
Title: Netter’s head and neck anatomy or dentistry / Neil S. Norton ;
illustrations by Frank H. Netter ; contributing illustrators, Carlos A.G.
Machado [and 6 others].
Other titles: Head and neck anatomy or dentistry
Description: 3rd edition. | Philadelphia, PA : Elsevier, [2017] | Includes
index.
Identif ers: LCCN 2016012134 | ISBN 9780323392280 (pbk. : alk. paper)
Subjects: | MESH: Dentistry | Head–anatomy & histology | Neck–anatomy &
histology | Atlases
Classif cation: LCC RK280 | NLM WU 17 | DDC 611/.91–dc23 LC record available at
http://lccn.loc.gov/2016012134
Executive Content Strategist: Elyse O’Grady
Senior Content Developmental Specialist: Marybeth Thiel
Publishing Services Manager: Patricia Tannian
Project Manager: Stephanie Turza
Design Direction: Julia Dummit
Printed in China
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
I dedicate this book to the ollowing in uential people in my li e,
To my late mother Chari, who worked tirelessly
and sacrif ced everything throughout her li e
so that her children would not be without.
To Elizabeth, who made me a better man.
I owe you everything or all that you have done or me.
To my brother John, who helped raise me.
And to my mentors, the late Frs. John G. Holbrook,
S.J., and John P. Schlegel, S.J., who helped me appreciate the importance
o service to others. They taught me the dedicated ways o cura personalis,
or care or the individual. I have tried to live by those words every day o my li e.
Ab o u t th e Au th o r
Neil S. Norton , Ph D, joined Creighton University in 1996 and is currently the
Associate Dean for Admissions and Professor of Oral Biology in the School of
Dentistry. After graduating Phi Beta Kappa from Randolph-Macon College with a BA
in Biology, he went on to receive his PhD training in Anatomy from the University
of Nebraska Medical Center. Dr. Norton has been the recipient of over 25 teaching
awards, including multiple Outstanding Instructor of the Year Awards from
Freshman classes and Dr. Theodore J. Urban Pre-Clinical Awards, presented by
graduating Senior classes for outstanding Basic Science instruction. Dr. Norton is the
third professor in the history of the School of Dentistry to receive the prestigious
Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Award for Teaching Achievement, the highest
teaching recognition offered by the University. In 2007 Dr. Norton received the
GlaxoSmithKline Sensodyne Teaching Award, the highest national teaching award
given by the American Dental Education Association (ADEA). An active member
of the School of Dentistry faculty, he was elected by colleagues to honorary
membership in Omicron Kappa Upsilon, the National Dental Honor Society whose
regular membership is reserved for dentists. His teaching responsibilities include
Head and Neck Anatomy, General Anatomy, Neuroscience, and Pain Control. Dr.
Norton served four years as President of the University Faculty and chaired many
committees, including the University Committee on Rank and Tenure and the
University Committee on Academic Freedom and Responsibility. Currently he serves
as the Faculty Athletic Representative for Creighton to the BIG EAST Conference. He
continues to actively publish on a variety of anatomical topics in addition to his
administrative duties. He is an active member of the American Association of
Clinical Anatomists (AACA), having served as the Treasurer for seven years and as
President from 2015–2017.
iv NETTER’S HEAD AND NECK ANATOMY FOR DENTISTRY
Ab o u t th e Artis ts
Fran k H. Netter, MD
Frank H. Netter was born in 1906, in New York City. He studied art at the Art
Student’s League and the National Academy of Design before entering medical
school at New York University, where he received his MD in 1931. During his
student years, Dr. Netter’s notebook sketches attracted the attention of the medical
faculty and other physicians, allowing him to augment his income by illustrating
articles and textbooks. He continued illustrating as a sideline after establishing a
surgical practice in 1933, but he ultimately opted to give up his practice in favor of
a full-time commitment to art. After service in the United States Army during World
War II, Dr. Netter began his long collaboration with the CIBA Pharmaceutical
Company (now Novartis Pharmaceuticals). This 45-year partnership resulted in the
production of the extraordinary collection of medical art so familiar to physicians
and other medical professionals worldwide.
In 2005, Elsevier, Inc., purchased the Netter Collection and all publications from
Icon Learning Systems. There are now over 50 publications featuring the art of Dr.
Netter available through Elsevier, Inc. (in the United States: www.us.elsevierhealth
.com/Netter and outside the United States: www.elsevierhealth.com).
Dr. Netter’s works are among the nest examples of the use of illustration in the
teaching of medical concepts. The 13-book Netter Collection of Medical Illustrations,
which includes the greater part of the more than 20,000 paintings created by
Dr. Netter, became and remains one of the most famous medical works ever
published. The Netter Atlas of Human Anatomy, rst published in 1989, presents the
anatomical paintings from the Netter Collection. Now translated into 16 languages,
it is the anatomy atlas of choice among medical and health professions students the
world over.
The Netter illustrations are appreciated not only for their aesthetic qualities,
but, more important, for their intellectual content. As Dr. Netter wrote in 1949,
“… clari cation of a subject is the aim and goal of illustration. No matter how
beautifully painted, how delicately and subtly rendered a subject may be, it is of
little value as a medical illustration if it does not serve to make clear some medical
point.” Dr. Netter’s planning, conception, point of view, and approach are what
inform his paintings and what make them so intellectually valuable.
Frank H. Netter, MD, physician and artist, died in 1991.
Learn more about the physician-artist whose work has inspired the Netter
Reference collection at www.netterimages.com/artist/netter.htm.
Carlos Mach ado, MD
Carlos Machado was chosen by Novartis to be Dr. Netter’s successor. He continues to
be the main artist who contributes to the Netter collection of medical illustrations.
Self-taught in medical illustration, cardiologist Carlos Machado has contributed
meticulous updates to some of Dr. Netter’s original plates and has created many
paintings of his own in the style of Netter as an extension of the Netter collection.
Dr. Machado’s photorealistic expertise and his keen insight into the physician/
patient relationship inform his vivid and unforgettable visual style. His dedication to
researching each topic and subject he paints places him among the premier medical
illustrators at work today.
Learn more about his background and see more of his art at www.netterimages.
com/artist/machado.htm.
Abo u t t h e Ar t is t s v
Ackn o w le d gm e n ts
It is hard to believe that it has been over a decade since the seeds of Netter’s Head &
Neck Anatomy for Dentistry were planted. The 3rd edition, like the previous editions,
is the result of many long hours of work. I would not have been able to accomplish
such a task without the help of many talented and dedicated individuals.
Beginning my academic career at the Creighton University School of Dentistry in
1996, I was overwhelmed by the comradery that existed at both the School and
University level. Twenty years later – it still exists. I am grateful every day to be part
of such a ne institution that is committed to the education of students. The
support and assistance my fellow colleagues have provided to help in the creation of
each edition have been immeasurable. I would especially like to thank for their
review of chapters, suggestions, and willingness to provide materials the following
members of the Creighton School of Dentistry family (past and present): Drs. David
Blaha, W. Thomas Cavel, Paul Edwards, James Howard, Terry Lanphier, John
McCabe, Kirstin McCarville, Timothy McVaney, Takanari Miyamoto, Barbara O’Kane,
Cyndi Russell, and Tarjit Saini. I owe a very special thanks to my former Dean, Dr.
Wayne W. Barkmeier. He was the person willing to give a young anatomist an
opportunity at Creighton, and I owe my career to Dr. Barkmeier. It was he and Dr.
Frank J. Ayers who pushed me and provided me the opportunity in Admissions and
Student Affairs. For that, I’ll always be grateful. Since the publication of the 2nd
edition, I would not have been able to continue to develop this book without the
support of my current Dean, Dr. Mark A. Latta.
Additionally, I am extremely grateful to Dr. Laura C. Barritt who provided
excellent suggestions and reviews that were instrumental in the creation of the
Development section of the book, as well as providing various suggestions in many
other chapters. Special thanks go to Dr. Margaret A. Jergenson, chair of the
Department of Oral Biology. Since 1996, Dr. Jergenson and I have taught general
anatomy and head and neck anatomy to freshman dental students. Her clinical
background as a dentist has been invaluable in helping me appreciate head and
neck anatomy from a dental perspective. Along with Dr. Barbara O’Kane, we have
enjoyed working together as the anatomical team in the School of Dentistry. I could
not ask for better colleagues with whom to teach anatomy.
My sincere appreciation to my Creighton colleagues outside of the School of
Dentistry. Creighton is a family, and I have been fortunate to spend my career at
such a ne university. Over the years there have been a few individuals who have
helped me immensely. In particular, I owe a special acknowledgment of gratitude to
Frs. Richard Hauser, S.J., and Thomas Shanahan, S.J. My sincere appreciation goes to
my friend and colleague Dr. Thomas Quinn, who offered helpful comments and
words of encouragement throughout the textual writing and development of the art.
My thanks to the reviewers who examined the chapters in the rst edition and
provided excellent feedback: Drs. Robert Spears, Kathleen M. Klueber, and Brian R.
MacPherson, and Professor Cindy Evans. A very special thanks to my friend and
colleague Dr. Vidhya (Vid) Persaud for his helpful comments regarding the
Development section of the text.
Over the years, I have enlisted the help of my dental students to make Netter’s
Head and Neck Anatomy for Dentistry more student-friendly. Special thanks go to Drs.
Joseph Opack, Ryan Dobbs, Steve Midstokke, Paul Mendes, Kyle D. Smith, and
Thomas Spellman for their invaluable assistance.
This book would not be possible if not for the beautiful new artwork created by
the incredible medical illustrators at Elsevier. A very special thanks to Carlos
Machado, MD, who created new artwork speci cally for this atlas. Quite simply, Dr.
Machado is one of the greatest medical illustrators of our time and it has been a
distinct honor and privilege to have worked with him. A sincere thanks to Tiffany
DaVanzo, who was instrumental in the creation of the new pieces in both the 2nd
and 3rd editions. I am very grateful for the work of Kip Carter, William Winn, and
vi NETTER’S HEAD AND NECK ANATOMY FOR DENTISTRY