Netter's Concise Orthopaedic Anatomy

415 Pages·2010·44.31 MB·English

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Netter’s Concise Orthopaedic Anatomy
Jon C. Thompson, MD
Staff Orthopaedic Surgeon
Irwin Army Community Hospital
Fort Riley, Kansas
Illustrations by Frank H. Netter, MD
Contributing Illustrators
Carlos A. G. Machado, MD
John A. Craig, MD
SECOND EDITION
1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd. Ste 1800
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899
NETTER’S CONCISE ORTHOPAEDIC ANATOMY, SECOND EDITION ISBN: 978-1-4160-5987-5
Copyright © 2010, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be produced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval
system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Permissions for Netter Art fi gures may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Health Science Licensing
Department in Philadelphia PA, USA: phone [phone], ext. 3276 or [phone]; or email
[email protected].
Notice
Knowledge and best practice in this fi eld are constantly changing. As new research and experience
broaden our knowledge, changes in practice, treatment and drug therapy may become necessary or
appropriate. Readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures
featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended
dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the
responsibility of the practitioner, relying on their own experience and knowledge of the patient, to
make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to
take all appropriate safety precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor
the Author assumes any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising out
of or related to any use of the material contained in this book.
—The Publisher
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Thompson, Jon C.
Netter’s concise orthopaedic anatomy/Jon C. Thompson; illustrations by Frank H. Netter;
contributing illustrators, Carlos A.G. Machado, John A. Craig. —2nd ed.
p. ; cm.
Rev. ed. of: Netter’s concise atlas of orthopaedic anatomy/Jon C. Thompson. 1st ed. c2002.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4160-5987-5 (pbk. : alk. paper)
1. Orthopedic—Atlases. 2. Human anatomy—Atlases. I. Netter, Frank H. (Frank Henry),
1906-1991. II. Netter’s concise atlas of orthopaedic anatomy. III. Title. IV. Title: Concise
orthopaedic anatomy.
[DNLM: 1. Orthopedic Procedures—Atlases. 2. Anatomy—Atlases. WE 17 T4725n 2010]
RD733.2.T48 2010
611.022’2--dc22 2009029747
Acquisitions Editor: Elyse O’Grady
Developmental Editor: Marybeth Thiel
Publishing Services Manager: Patricia Tannian
Project Manager: John Casey
Design Direction: Louis Forgione
Printed in China
Last digit is the print number 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Preface
I suppose there is always a question regarding the reception a fi rst edition of any
text will receive before its publication. The response and enthusiasm for the fi rst
edition of this text have been rewarding and exceeded my optimistic expectations.
Inasmuch as imitation is a form of fl attery, I am also pleased with the develop-
ment of multiple other titles in the Netter’s Concise series that were based on the
format of this text. Despite this encouragement, it quickly became clear that the
fi rst edition of this text, written predominantly while I was a medical student, was
in need of an update. Although the anatomy is a constant, our understanding of
it, our terminology, and its clinical application continue to advance.
I received considerable feedback, both positive and negative, on the fi rst edition.
Much of it was constructive, and I am grateful for all of it. The revision has been
both challenging and rewarding. Formatting this enormous volume of material
was a painstaking process, and I would like to thank John Casey, the production
team, and all of those at Elsevier for their patience, hard work, and professional-
ism. With their help I was able to develop my vision of this project. It has been a
pleasure to work with them.
In this revision, I have tried to strike a balance between being thorough and yet
concise while staying true to the original concept of the text, which was to allow
the incomparable Netter artwork to do a majority of the teaching. Knowing it’s im-
possible to please everyone, I look forward to hearing how well the balance was or
was not achieved.
In this second edition, every table, both anatomic and clinical, was updated or re-
vised. We were also able to enhance the text with radiographs, additional sections,
and new artwork including additional surgical approaches. In the preface to the
fi rst edition I noted that the text embodied the book that I unsuccessfully tried to
fi nd on the shelves of medical bookstores as a medical student. That failed search
originally prompted me to write the text. With the above-mentioned updates and
additions, I feel that statement should be amended. This edition is, in fact, the text
for which I had originally searched and fulfi lls the vision of the initial undertaking
that began over 10 years ago. I hope the readers fi nd it so.
Jon C. Thompson, MD
v
About the Author
Jon C. Thompson, MD, received his undergraduate degree from Dartmouth College
and his medical degree from the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sci-
ences in Bethesda, Maryland. Having recently completed his orthopaedic residency
at Brooke Army Medical Center in San Antonio, Texas, he is now board certifi ed in
orthopaedic surgery and sports medicine. He is currently continuing his military
service at Irwin Army Community Hospital, Fort Riley, Kansas. Dr. Thompson is
glad to no longer have to answer questions regarding why he published an ortho-
paedic text before doing any formal orthopaedic training, as well as being able to
spend more time with his family. His wife and four young children, though very
supportive, are not looking forward to Dr. Thompson’s future publishing projects.
To the men and women of the armed forces
who bravely serve our country
To the readers
whose enthusiasm for the text has
motivated me to do better
To my children,
Taylor, Turner, Jax, and Judson,
constant and perfect reminders
of the truly important and joyful aspects of life
To my wife,
Tiffany, the foundation
of every good thing in my life
vi
About the Artists
Frank H. Netter, MD
Frank H. Netter was born in 1906, in New York City. He studied art at the Art Stu-
dent’s League and the National Academy of Design before entering medical school
at New York University, where he received his medical degree in 1931. During his
student years, Dr. Netter’s notebook sketches attracted the attention of the medical
faculty and other physicians, allowing him to augment his income by illustrating
articles and textbooks. He continued illustrating as a sideline after establishing a
surgical practice in 1933, but he ultimately opted to give up his practice in favor
of a full-time commitment to art. After service in the United States Army during
World War II, Dr. Netter began his long collaboration with the CIBA Pharmaceuti-
cal Company (now Novartis Pharmaceuticals). This 45-year partnership resulted in
the production of the extraordinary collection of medical art so familiar to physi-
cians and other medical professionals worldwide.
In 2005, Elsevier, Inc., purchased the Netter Collection and all publications from
Icon Learning Systems. There are now over 50 publications featuring the art of Dr.
Netter available through Elsevier, Inc. (in the US: www.us.elsevierhealth.com/Netter
and outside the US: www.elsevierhealth.com )
Dr. Netter’s works are among the fi nest examples of the use of illustration in the
teaching of medical concepts. The 13-volume Netter Collection of Medical Illustra-
tions, which includes the greater part of the more than 20,000 paintings created
by Dr. Netter, became and remains one of the most famous medical works ever
published.The Netter Atlas of Human Anatomy, fi rst published in 1989, presents
the anatomical paintings from the Netter Collection. Now translated into 16 lan-
guages, it is the anatomy atlas of choice among medical and health professions
students the world over.
The Netter illustrations are appreciated not only for their aesthetic qualities, but
also, more important, for their intellectual content. As Dr. Netter wrote in 1949, “. . .
clarifi cation of a subject is the aim and goal of illustration. No matter how beauti-
fully painted, how delicately and subtly rendered a subject may be, it is of little
value as a medical illustration if it does not serve to make clear some medical
point.” Dr. Netter’s planning, conception, point of view, and approach are what
inform his paintings and what makes them so intellectually valuable.
Frank H. Netter, MD, physician and artist, died in 1991.
Learn more about the physician-artist whose work has inspired the Netter
Reference collection:
http://www.netterimages.com/artist/netter.htm
vii
Carlos Machado, MD
Carlos Machado was chosen by Novartis to be Dr. Netter’s successor. He continues to
be the main artist who contributes to the Netter collection of medical illustrations.
Self-taught in medical illustration, cardiologist Carlos Machado has contributed
meticulous updates to some of Dr. Netter’s original plates and has created many
paintings of his own in the style of Netter as an extension of the Netter collection.
Dr. Machado’s photorealistic expertise and his keen insight into the physician/
patient relationship informs his vivid and unforgettable visual style. His dedication
to researching each topic and subject he paints places him among the
premier medical illustrators at work today.
Learn more about his background and see more of his art at:
http://www.netterimages.com/artist/machado.htm
viii
Contents
1 Basic Science 1
2 Spine 29
3 Shoulder 75
4 Arm 109
5 Forearm 139
6 Hand 183
7 Pelvis 219
8 Thigh/Hip 249
9 Leg/Knee 285
10 Foot/Ankle 337
10 Abbreviations 385
ix