Netherlands Yearbook of International Law Volume 41 For furthervolumes: http://www.springer.com/series/8913 I. F. Dekker E. Hey • General Editors Netherlands Yearbook of International Law Volume 41, 2010 Necessity Across International Law 123 General Editors I.F.Dekker E.Hey School ofLaw Erasmus University Utrecht University Burgemeester Oudlaan 50 Janskerkhof 3 3062PA Rotterdam 3512BK Utrecht The Netherlands The Netherlands e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] ISSN 0167-676 e-ISSN1574-0951 ISBN 978-90-6704-736-4 e-ISBN978-90-6704-737-1 DOI 10.1007/978-90-6704-737-1 (cid:2)Stichting T.M.C. Asser Instituut,The Hague, and theauthors 2011 LibraryofCongressCatalogCardNumber72-623109 ThisVolumeisalsoavailableasajournalproduct,eitheraspartofthesubscriptiontoVolume57ofthe NetherlandsInternationalLawReview,orasastand-alonejournal,boththroughCambridgeUniversity Press.Inadditiontotheelectronicversionpublishedonhttp://www.springerlink,theYearbookisalso availableonlinethroughtheCambridgeJournalsOnlineservice. PublishedbyT.M.C.ASSERPRESS,TheHague,TheNetherlandshttp://www.asserpress.nl ProducedanddistributedforT.M.C.ASSERPRESSbySpringer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg Nopartofthisworkmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformorby any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without writtenpermissionfromthePublisher,withtheexceptionofanymaterialsuppliedspecificallyforthe purposeofbeingenteredandexecutedonacomputersystem,forexclusiveusebythepurchaserofthe work. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,etc.inthispublicationdoesnot imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Coverdesign:eStudioCalamar,Berlin/Figueres Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Board of Editors L.A.M.N. Barnhoorn J.E. Nijman (Managing Editor) University of Amsterdam T.M.C. AsserInstituut M.K.Bulterman F.Weiss Ministry of ForeignAffairs Universityof Vienna I.F. Dekker W.G. Werner (General Editor) VU University,Amsterdam Utrecht University W.J.M.van Genugten R.A.Wessel TilburgUniversity University of Twente RadboudUniversity, Nijmegen E. Hey Guest Editor Volume 41 (General Editor, sinceVolume 40, 2009) Tarcisio Gazzini ErasmusUniversity, Rotterdam VUUniversity of Amsterdam * * * K.Peters (Assistant Managing Editor) T.M.C. AsserInstituut * * * Honorary Editors H. Meijers(cid:2) Ko Swan Sik University ofAmsterdam T.M.C.Asser Instituut ErasmusUniversity, Rotterdam v vi Aims and Scope The Netherlands Yearbook of International Law (NYIL) was first published in 1970. It has two main aims. It offers a forum for the publication of scholarly articles of a more general nature in the area of public international law including the law of the European Union. In addition, it aims to respond to the demand for information on state practice in the field of international law. Each Yearbook therefore includes an overview of state practice of the Netherlands. The NYIL is published under the auspices of the T.M.C. Asser Instituut. T.M.C. Asser Instituut The T.M.C. Asser Instituut, established in 1965, is a leading Academic Research Institute in the field of International Law. It covers Private International Law, Public International Law, including International Humanitarian Law, the Law of the European Union, the Law of International Commercial Arbitration and increasingly, also, International Economic Law, the Law of International Com- merce and International Sports Law. Conducting Scientific Research in the aforementioned domains is the main activity of the Institute. In addition, the Institute organizes congresses and post- graduate courses, undertakes contract research and operates its own publishing house. Because of its inter-university background, the Institute often co-operates with Dutch Law faculties as well as with various national and foreign institutions. T.M.C. Asser Instituut Institute for Private and Public International Law International Commercial Arbitration and European Law Institute Address: R. J. Schimmelpennincklaan 20-22 2517 JN, The Hague The Netherlands Mailing Address: P.O. Box 30461 2500 GL The Hague The Netherlands Tel.: +3170 342 0300 Fax: +3170 342 0359 Internet: www.asser.nl Contents Part I Articles: Necessity Across International Law 1 Necessity Across International Law: An Introduction . . . . . . . . . 3 Tarcisio Gazzini, Wouter G. Werner and Ige F. Dekker 2 Necessity and the Use of Force: A Special Regime. . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Nicholas Tsagourias 3 Necessity in the Law of Armed Conflict and in International Criminal Law. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Gabriella Venturini 4 State Responsibility, Necessity and Human Rights. . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Cedric Ryngaert 5 A Necessity Paradigm of ‘Necessity’ in International Economic Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Asif H. Qureshi 6 Necessity in Investment Arbitration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 August Reinisch 7 Necessity in International Environmental Law. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 Malgosia Fitzmaurice 8 The Notion of Necessity in the Law of the European Union. . . . . 193 Panos Koutrakos vii viii Contents Part II Documentation 9 Classification Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 10 Netherlands State Practice for the Parliamentary Year 2008–2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 P. van Huizen 11 Treaties and Other International Agreements to Which the Kingdom of the Netherlands is a Party. . . . . . . . . . 325 M. A. van der Harst 12 Netherlands Municipal Legislation Involving Questions of Public International Law, 2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367 M. A. van der Harst 13 Netherlands Judicial Decisions Involving Questions of Public International Law, 2008–2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379 L. A. N. M. Barnhoorn Table of Cases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499 List of Abbreviations AA Ars Aequi Aanh. Hand. I/II Aanhangsel tot het Verslag der Mededelingen van de Eerste/Tweede Kamer der Staten Generaal AB Kort Administratiefrechtelijke Beslissingen Kort AB Administratiefrechtelijke Beslissingen AJCL American Journal of Comparative law AJIL American Journal of International Law ASIL Proc. American Society of International Law Proceedings Australian YIL Australian Yearbook of International Law BDIEL Basic Documents of International Economic Law BGBl Bundes Gesetzblatt BNB Beslissingen in Belastingzaken Nederlandse Belastingrechtspraak Buffalo CLR Buffalo Criminal Law Review BVerfGE Entscheidungen des Bundesverfassungsgericht BYIL British Yearbook of International Law California LR California Law Review Calif. Western ILJ California Western International Law Journal CMLRev. Common Market Law Review Columbia JEL Columbia Journal of European Law Columbia JTL Columbia Journal Transnational Law Columbia LR Columbia Law Review Cornell ILJ Cornell International Law Journal DD Delikt en Delinkwent Denver JIL and Pol. Denver Journal of International Law and Policy ECR European Court Reports EJIL European Journal of International Law ETS European Treaty Series European LJ European Law Journal ix
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