Table Of Content

N Neonatal e o Neonatal n Includes a 225+ t a Simulation Simulation full-color l images! S i m A PRACTICAL GUIDE u AAA PPPRRRAAACCCTTTIIICCCAAALLL GGGUUUIIIDDDEEE Editors: Lamia Soghier, MD, MEd, CHSE, FAAP, and Beverley Robin, MD, MHPE, CHSE, FAAP l a t Developed by the leading experts in neonatal simulation, this innovative resource delivers i o neonatal health care professionals and educators essential guidance on designing, developing, n and implementing simulation-based neonatal education programs. Th e early chapters cover learning theory, fundamentals of scenario design, and simulation and the Neonatal Resuscitation Program®. Th e later chapters cover specifi c applications of simulation in A neonatology and debriefi ng techniques. P Th is book guides the reader through scenario design, mannequins and task trainers, moulage, R simulation techniques, virtual simulations, mannequin adaptations needed to conduct specifi c A simulation procedures, debriefi ng methods, and more. C Step-by-step images guide the reader through how to adapt mannequins to simulate procedures and T how to replicate bodily fl uids and conditions commonly encountered in newborns. I C With 225+ color images, as well as plenty of helpful boxes and tables throughout, this book will be A useful to both novices and experts. L More than 30 chapters include G • In Situ Simulation U • Simulation and the Neonatal Resuscitation Program I • Mannequins and Task Trainers D • Boot Camps E • Debriefi ng in Simulation-Based Training in Neonatology • Simulation Operations • And more... So g For other neonatal resources, visit the American Academy of Pediatrics at shop.aap.org. h i e r • ISBN 978-1-61002-260-6 90000> R EEDDIITTOORRSS o • b Lamia Soghier, MD, MEd, CHSE, FAAP Beverley Robin, MD, MHPE, CHSE, FAAP i n 9 781610 022606 AAP NEONATAL_SIMULATION_final_spread.indd 1 2/22/21 9:20 AM Neonatal Simulation AAA PPPRRRAAACCCTTTIIICCCAAALLL GGGUUUIIIDDDEEE EEDDIITTOORRSS • Lamia Soghier, MD, MEd, CHSE, FAAP Beverley Robin, MD, MHPE, CHSE, FAAP NeoSim.indb 1 2/21/21 12:13 PM American Academy of Pediatrics Publishing Staff Mary Lou White, Chief Product and Services Officer/SVP, Membership, Marketing, and Publishing Mark Grimes, Vice President, Publishing Heather Babiar, MS, Senior Editor, Professional/Clinical Publishing Theresa Wiener, Production Manager, Clinical and Professional Publications Amanda Helmholz, Medical Copy Editor Peg Mulcahy, Manager, Art Direction and Production Linda Smessaert, Director, Marketing Published by the American Academy of Pediatrics 345 Park Blvd Itasca, IL 60143 Telephone: 630/626-6000 Facsimile: 847/434-8000 www.aap.org The American Academy of Pediatrics is an organization of 67,000 primary care pediatricians, pediatric medical subspecialists, and pediatric surgical specialists dedicated to the health, safety, and well-being of all infants, children, adolescents, and young adults. The recommendations in this publication do not indicate an exclusive course of treatment or serve as a standard of medical care. Variations, taking into account individual circumstances, may be appropriate. Statements and opinions expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the American Academy of Pediatrics. Any websites, brand names, products, or manufacturers are mentioned for informational and identification purposes only and do not imply an endorsement by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). The AAP is not responsible for the content of external resources. Information was current at the time of publication. The persons whose photographs are depicted in this publication are professional models. They have no relation to the issues discussed. Any characters they are portraying are fictional. The publishers have made every effort to trace the copyright holders for borrowed materials. If they have inadvertently overlooked any, they will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity. This publication has been developed by the American Academy of Pediatrics. The contributors are expert authorities in the field of pediatrics. No commercial involvement of any kind has been solicited or accepted in the development of the content of this publication. Christopher Colby discloses a relationship with InTouch Health. Walter Eppich discloses consultant relationships with Center for Medical Simulation and PAEDSIM eV and editorial board member relationships with Perspectives on Medical Simulation and Advances in Simulation. Jennifer Fang discloses a relationship with InTouch Health. Janene Fuerch discloses relationships with Novonate, Emme, and D-Rev. Chapter 24 is supported in part by the Endowment for the Center for Advanced Pediatric and Perinatal Education. Every effort has been made to ensure that the drug selection and dosages set forth in this publication are in accordance with the current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. It is the responsibility of the health care professional to check the package insert of each drug for any change in indications or dosage and for added warnings and precautions. Every effort is made to keep Neonatal Simulation: A Practical Guide consistent with the most recent advice and information available from the American Academy of Pediatrics. Please visit www.aap.org/errata for an up-to-date list of any applicable errata for this publication. Special discounts are available for bulk purchases of this publication. Email Special Sales at [email protected] for more information. © 2021 American Academy of Pediatrics All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means— electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without prior permission from the publisher (locate title at http://ebooks. aappublications.org and click on © Get permissions; you may also fax the permissions editor at 847/434-8780 or email [email protected]). First edition published 2021. Printed in the United States of America 9-384/0421 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 MA0900 ISBN: 978-1-61002-260-6 eBook: 978-1-61002-261-3 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018942267 NeoSim.indb 2 2/21/21 12:13 PM III Editors Lamia Soghier, MD, MEd, CHSE, FAAP Beverley Robin, MD, MHPE, CHSE, FAAP Associate Professor of Pediatrics Assistant Professor, Pediatrics The George Washington University School of Medicine Director, Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Fellowship Program Medical Director, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Rush University Medical Center Children’s National Health System Chicago, IL Washington, DC Contributors Anne Ades, MD, MSEd Marc Auerbach, MD, MSc Professor of Clinical Pediatrics Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Yale University School of Medicine Pennsylvania New Haven, CT Attending Neonatologist Chapter 7. Simulation for Infant Lumbar Puncture Training The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Alana Barbato, MD Philadelphia, PA Assistant Professor of Clinical Pediatrics Chapter 11. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Simulation Indiana University School of Medicine Chapter 14. Boot Camps Indianapolis, IN Catherine Allan, MD, FAAP Chapter 9. Simulating Neonatal Pericardial Effusion and Medical Director, Cardiac Intensive Care Unit Cardiac Tamponade Associate Program Director, Simulator Program G. Jesse Bender, MD Boston Children’s Hospital NICU Medical Director Boston, MA Mission Health System Chapter 11. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Asheville, NC Simulation Chapter 19. In Situ Simulations for Testing New Health Care Christine Arnold, MS, RNC, CHSE Environments Educator for Pursuing Excellence Angela D. Blood, MPH, MBA, CHSE-A University of Rochester Medical Center Director, Curricular Resources Rochester, NY Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Chapter 27. The Difficult Debriefing Washington, DC Jennifer Arnold, MD, MSc, FAAP Chapter 1. Applications of Learning Theory in Simulation Medical Director, Center for Medical Simulation and Renee D. Boss, MD, MHS Innovative Education Associate Professor, Neonatology and Palliative Care Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine St Petersburg, FL Baltimore, MD Chapter 13. Simulation-Based Education for Parents and Other Chapter 20. Communication Skills in Neonatal Simulation Home Caregivers of Infants With Technology Dependence Steven Brediger, RRT-NPS Michael-Andrew Assaad, MD, FRCPC, FAAP ECMO Educator Associate Professor of Pediatrics Boston Children’s Hospital Division of Neonatology Boston, MA University of Montreal Chapter 11. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Montreal, Quebec, Canada Simulation Chapter 5. Simulation for Neonatal Airway Management Christie J. Bruno, DO Chapter 25. Blended-Method Debriefing With the PEARLS Associate Professor of Pediatrics Debriefing Framework Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Fellowship Training Program Chapter 26. Co-debriefing in Neonatal Simulation Director Appendix B Yale New Haven Children’s Hospital New Haven, CT Chapter 10. Neonatal Exchange Transfusion Chapter 14. Boot Camps NeoSim.indb 3 2/21/21 12:13 PM IV CONTRIBUTORS Melanie Burke, MRT (R) Christopher E. Colby, MD Simulation Technician, Simulation Lab Professor of Pediatrics Health Sciences North Mayo Clinic Sudbury, Ontario, Canada Rochester, MN Chapter 22. Moulage: The Special Effects Chapter 17. Telesimulation for Neonatal Resuscitation Education and Training Sabrina M. Butteris, MD Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics Rita Dadiz, DO, CHSE, FAAP University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Associate Director of Pediatrics Public Health Director, Neonatal Innovation and Safety Simulation American Family Children’s Hospital Program Madison, WI Division of Neonatology Chapter 15. Simulation in Neonatal Global Health University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, NY Bobbi J. Byrne, MD, FAAP Chapter 19. In Situ Simulations for Testing New Health Care Professor of Clinical Pediatrics Environments Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Chapter 27. The Difficult Debriefing Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, IN Maria Carmen G. Diaz, MD, FACEP, FAAP Chapter 8. Neonatal Thoracentesis and Chest Tube Placement Clinical Professor of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine Simulation Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson Chapter 9. Simulating Neonatal Pericardial Effusion and University Cardiac Tamponade Philadelphia, PA Chapter 18. In Situ Simulation Medical Director of Simulation Appendix C Nemours Institute for Clinical Excellence Appendix D Attending Physician, Division of Emergency Medicine Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children Douglas M. Campbell, MD, FRCPC Wilmington, DE Director of NICU, Medical Director of Allan Waters Family Chapter 13. Simulation-Based Education for Parents and Other Simulation Centre Program Home Caregivers of Infants With Technology Dependence Department of Pediatrics University of Toronto Archana Dhar, MD St Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto Associate Professor of Pediatrics Toronto, Ontario, Canada UT Southwestern Medical School Chapter 32. History of Neonatal Simulation Medical Director of Transport Division of Pediatric Critical Care Todd Chang, MD, MAcM Children’s Health Medical Center Associate Director / Research Director, CHLA Las Madrinas Dallas, TX Simulation Center Chapter 12. Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Training Associate Fellowship Director, Division of Emergency and Education Medicine Director of Research & Scholarship, Division of Emergency Walter Eppich, MD, PhD, FSSH Medicine Professor and Chair of Simulation Education and Research Vice Chair, Institutional Review Board Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland Children’s Hospital Los Angeles Dublin, Ireland Associate Professor of Pediatrics/Medical Education Chapter 25. Blended-Method Debriefing With the PEARLS Keck School of Medicine Debriefing Framework University of Southern California Chapter 26. Co-debriefing in Neonatal Simulation Los Angeles, CA Jennifer L. Fang, MD, MS, FAAP Chapter 30. Simulation Research Networks Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Adam Cheng, MD Medical Director, Teleneonatology Professor, Departments of Paediatrics and Emergency Division of Neonatal Medicine Medicine Mayo Clinic University of Calgary Rochester, MN Calgary, Alberta, Canada Chapter 17. Telesimulation for Neonatal Resuscitation Chapter 25. Blended-Method Debriefing With the PEARLS Education and Training Debriefing Framework Chapter 26. Co-debriefing in Neonatal Simulation NeoSim.indb 4 2/21/21 12:13 PM CONTRIBUTORS V Heather M. French, MD, MSEd Elizabeth A. Hunt, MD, MPH, PhD Associate Professor of Clinical Pediatrics Associate Professor Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Pennsylvania Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA Director, Johns Hopkins Medicine Simulation Center Chapter 23. Simulation Training for Effective Resuscitation Baltimore, MD Leadership Chapter 28. Rapid-Cycle Deliberate Practice Appendix F Sarah Isaac, MEd, BHSc, BA Janene H. Fuerch, MD Simulation Technician Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Health Sciences North Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine Sudbury, Ontario, Canada Stanford University Chapter 22. Moulage: The Special Effects Palo Alto, CA Priti Jani, MD, MPH Chapter 31. Simulation-Based Research in Neonatology Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Kristen M. Glass, MD Section of Critical Care Medicine Associate Professor of Pediatrics The University of Chicago, Comer Children’s Hospital Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Chicago, IL Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center Chapter 1. Applications of Learning Theory in Simulation Penn State College of Medicine Lindsay Johnston, MD, MEd, CHSE, FAAP Hershey, PA Associate Professor of Pediatrics Chapter 10. Neonatal Exchange Transfusion Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Megan M. Gray, MD Yale School of Medicine Assistant Professor of Pediatrics New Haven, CT Division of Neonatology Chapter 11. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation University of Washington Simulation Seattle, WA Chapter 14. Boot Camps Chapter 4. Mannequins and Task Trainers David O. Kessler, MD, MSc Chapter 6. Umbilical Catheter Placement Vice Chair of Innovation for the Department of Emergency Arika G. Gupta, MD Medicine Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Associate Professor Department of Pediatrics Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Division of Neonatology Surgeons Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine New York, NY Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago Chapter 7. Simulation for Infant Lumbar Puncture Training Chicago, IL Suzanne Lortie-Carlyle Chapter 25. Blended-Method Debriefing With the PEARLS Manager, Simulation Lab Debriefing Framework Health Sciences North / Horizon Santé-Nord Chapter 26. Co-debriefing in Neonatal Simulation Sudbury, Ontario, Canada Louis P. Halamek, MD, FAAP Chapter 22. Moulage: The Special Effects Professor Lisa Mayer, RN, BSN Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine Simulation Educator Department of Pediatrics Riley Maternal and Newborn Health at Indiana University Stanford University Health Founding Director, Center for Advanced Pediatric and Indianapolis, IN Perinatal Education (CAPE) Chapter 8. Neonatal Thoracentesis and Chest Tube Placement Director of Neonatal Resuscitation, Attending Neonatologist Simulation Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Tyler Montroy, A-EMCA, PCP Palo Alto, CA Simulation Technician Chapter 3. Simulation and the Neonatal Resuscitation Program Health Sciences North Chapter 24. Debriefing in Simulation-Based Training in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada Neonatology: An Outcomes-Based Approach Chapter 22. Moulage: The Special Effects Chapter 31. Simulation-Based Research in Neonatology NeoSim.indb 5 2/21/21 12:13 PM VI CONTRIBUTORS Ahmed Moussa, MD, MMed, FRCPC, FAAP Beverley Robin, MD, MHPE, CHSE, FAAP Director, Center for Applied Health Sciences Education Assistant Professor, Pediatrics (CPASS) Director, Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Fellowship Program University of Montreal Rush University Medical Center Associate Professor, Departement of Pediatrics Chicago, IL University of Montreal Chapter 2. Scenario Design Neonatologist, CHU Sainte-Justine Chapter 19. In Situ Simulations for Testing New Health Care Montreal, Quebec, Canada Environments Chapter 5. Simulation for Neonatal Airway Management David L. Rodgers, EdD, EMT-P, NRP, FAHA Appendix B Manager, Interprofessional Learning and Simulation Allyson Norton, RN Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center Simulation Technician Hershey, PA Health Sciences North Chapter 29. Simulation Operations Sudbury, Ontario, Canada Taylor Sawyer, DO, MEd, CHSE-A Chapter 22. Moulage: The Special Effects Director of Medical Simulation Mark T. Ogino, MD, FAAP Associate Division Head for Education Chief Partnership Officer Division of Neonatology Neonatology Chief, Nemours Delaware Valley Associate Professor of Pediatrics Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children Department of Pediatrics Wilmington, DE Division of Neonatology Clinical Professor of Pediatrics University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson Children’s Hospital University Seattle, WA Philadelphia, PA Chapter 4. Mannequins and Task Trainers Chapter 12. Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Training Chapter 6. Umbilical Catheter Placement and Education Joo Lee Song, MD Julie S. Perretta, MSEd, RRT-NPS, CHSE-A Assistant Professor of Clinical Pediatrics Assistant Professor Division of Emergency and Transport Medicine Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Children’s Hospital Los Angeles Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics Director of Education and Innovation Keck School of Medicine Johns Hopkins Medicine Simulation Center University of Southern California Baltimore, MD Los Angeles, CA Chapter 2. Scenario Design Chapter 30. Simulation Research Networks Chapter 28. Rapid-Cycle Deliberate Practice Theophil A. Stokes, MD Appendix A Associate Professor of Pediatrics Appendix G Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Michael B. Pitt, MD, FAAP Bethesda, MD Associate Professor of Pediatrics Chapter 20. Communication Skills in Neonatal Simulation Division of Hospital Pediatrics Lillian Su, MD University of Minnesota Clinical Associate Professor of Pediatrics Minneapolis, MN Stanford University School of Medicine Chapter 15. Simulation in Neonatal Global Health Medical Director of Simulation, Heart Center Michael Roach, BScN, MN (c) Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Simulation Educator Palo Alto, CA Health Sciences North Chapter 11. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Sudbury, Ontario, Canada Simulation Chapter 22. Moulage: The Special Effects Patricia E. Thomas, PhD, RN, NNP-BC, CNE Shannon Poling, MEHP, RRT-NPS, CHSE Clinical Associate Professor Simulation Educator College of Nursing Johns Hopkins Medicine Simulation Center University of Texas at Arlington Johns Hopkins University Arlington, TX Baltimore, MD Chapter 16. Virtual Simulation Chapter 28. Rapid-Cycle Deliberate Practice NeoSim.indb 6 2/21/21 12:13 PM CONTRIBUTORS VII Rachel A. Umoren, MB, BCh, MS, FAAP Alexander Wood, BScN Associate Professor of Pediatrics Simulation Technician, Simulation Lab Division of Neonatology Health Sciences North Department of Pediatrics Sudbury, Ontario, Canada University of Washington Chapter 22. Moulage: The Special Effects Seattle, WA Nicole K. Yamada, MD, MS, FAAP Chapter 4. Mannequins and Task Trainers Clinical Associate Professor Chapter 6. Umbilical Catheter Placement Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine Chapter 16. Virtual Simulation Stanford University School of Medicine Joanne Weinschreider, MS, RN Associate Director, Center for Advanced Pediatric and Director of Simulation and Learning Resources Perinatal Education (CAPE) School of Nursing Attending Neonatologist Saint John Fisher College Medical Director, Neonatal Critical Care Transport Team Rochester, NY Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Chapter 27. The Difficult Debriefing Palo Alto, CA Chapter 3. Simulation and the Neonatal Resuscitation Program Elizabeth A. Wetzel, MD, MS Assistant Professor of Clinical Pediatrics Marsha E. Yelen, MSN, RN Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Director of the Standardized Patient Program Indiana University School of Medicine Rush University Clinical Skills and Simulation Center Indianapolis, IN Chicago, IL Chapter 18. In Situ Simulation Chapter 21. Standardized Patients Appendix C Appendix E Appendix D NeoSim.indb 7 2/21/21 12:13 PM NeoSim.indb 8 2/21/21 12:13 PM To Dr Halamek, founder of neonatal simulation, and to all neonatal health care professionals and the patients who benefit from their care (cid:24) NeoSim.indb 9 2/21/21 12:13 PM