Negotiating Unity and Diversity in the European Union PDF
Preview Negotiating Unity and Diversity in the European Union
PALGRAVE STUDIES IN EUROPEAN UNION POLITICS SERIES EDITORS: MICHELLE EGAN · NEILL NUGENT · WILLIAM E. PATERSON Negotiating Unity and Diversity in the European Union Florian Bieber · Roland Bieber Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics Series Editors Michelle Egan American University Washington, USA Neill Nugent Manchester Metropolitan University Manchester, UK William E. Paterson Aston University Birmingham, UK Following on the sustained success of the acclaimed European Union Series, which essentially publishes research-based textbooks, Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics publishes cutting edge research-driven monographs. The remit of the series is broadly defined, both in terms of subject and academic discipline. All topics of significance concerning the nature and operation of the European Union potentially fall within the scope of the series. The series is multidisciplinary to reflect the growing importance of the EU as a political, economic and social phenomenon. To submit a proposal, please contact Senior Editor Ambra Finotello [email protected]. Editorial Board: Laurie Buonanno (SUNY Buffalo State, USA) Kenneth Dyson (Cardiff University, UK) Brigid Laffan (European University Institute, Italy) Claudio Radaelli (University College London, UK) Mark Rhinard (Stockholm University, Sweden) Ariadna Ripoll Servent (University of Bamberg, Germany) Frank Schimmelfennig (ETH Zurich, Switzerland) Claudia Sternberg (University College London, UK) Nathalie Tocci (Istituto Affari Internazionali, Italy) More information about this series at http://www.palgrave.com/gp/series/14629 Florian Bieber • Roland Bieber Negotiating Unity and Diversity in the European Union Florian Bieber Roland Bieber Centre for Southeast European Studies University of Lausanne University of Graz Lausanne, Switzerland Graz, Austria ISSN 2662-5873 ISSN 2662-5881 (electronic) Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics ISBN 978-3-030-55015-8 ISBN 978-3-030-55016-5 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55016-5 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover illustration: Magic Lens/Shutterstock This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland A cknowledgments This book approaches the European Union and the fundamental chal- lenge of how to balance diversity and unity within it from different per- spectives. First, it is based on the collaboration of a legal scholar and a political scientist, trying to bring both disciplines to bear on the discus- sion. Second, it incorporates literature and debates on the EU and European Law, as well as those on diversity and multinational states. It thus seeks to bring different disciplines, literatures, and debates together, convinced that this allows for fruitful academic engagement that both adds to the understanding of the European Union and advances research and debates on how to accommodate diversity in multinational states. Florian Bieber began developing ideas for this book as Luigi Einaudi Chair in European and International Studies at Cornell University in 2009. Roland Bieber’s contribution to this project has matured since 2011, when he enjoyed the hospitality and the extraordinary research opportunities at the European University Institute in Florence as a Fernand Braudel Senior Fellow. His research also benefited from a gener- ous grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation. We would like to thank Sarah Kutz for proofreading the manuscript and Fynn Morten-Heckert for helping with formatting the text. We would also like to thank Emma Lantschner and Patricia Morris for their construc- tive feedback on sections of this book. This book was conceptualized jointly, and then the draft chapters were written and commented upon by both authors of this volume. v vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Florian Bieber is the primary author of the Introduction and Chaps. 2, 3, and 8. Roland Bieber is the primary author of Chaps. 4, 5, 6, and 7. The conclusion and the epilogue was written jointly. To close on a personal note: this book is not just the collaboration of a legal scholar and a political scientist; it is also the collaboration between a father and a son. As such, the book is the result of a much longer conversa- tion and shared life experience. This book cannot begin to express this, but it is an attempt to give intellectual shape to the academic dialogue between a father and son, reflecting in a microcosm the potential of com- bining unity and diversity. Graz and Bonn Florian Bieber May 2020 Roland Bieber c ontents 1 Introduction 1 2 Regimes of Diversity 17 3 Diversity in the European Union 53 4 Approaches to Diversity in the EU 79 5 Unity and Diversity Through the EU Institutions and Procedures 103 6 ‘Europe’ as a Symbol: Symbols of Europe 131 7 Exclusion and Belonging: The Ambiguities of European Citizenship 159 8 The Gradual Emergence of European Minority Rights 181 vii viii CONTENTS 9 C onclusions 209 Epilogue 223 References 227 Index 229 CHAPTER 1 Introduction The European Union is often understood through its motto ‘united in diversity,’ adopted in 2000 and in use for years earlier. Yet the primary focus has often centered on unity or the policies that bring together the divergent populations of the Union. Diversity is self-evident and obvious. However, this diversity is at the core of the European integration project and the novel ways in which the EU has been recognizing difference and incorporating it into its institutions and modus operandi constitutes an often-neglected aspect of EU integration.1 For over a decade, the European Union appears to be lost in an endless series of crises, beginning with the global economic crisis of 2008, the subsequent Eurozone crisis, the migration crisis, Brexit, and the COVID 19 crisis. These have constituted the most serious challenges to the European Union since the establishment of the European Community of Coal and Steel more than half a century earlier. The integration project has seen periods of economic stagnation and political conflict, including President de Gaulle’s “Non” to British Membership, the period of ‘Eurosclerosis’ during the oil shock of the 1970s, and political stagnation of the Community. Even during the decades preceding the current crises, there have been serious setbacks, including the French and Dutch rejection of the European constitution, the Danish referendum in which 1 A similar argument has been made by Prügl and Thiel (2009), p. 9. © The Author(s) 2021 1 F. Bieber, R. Bieber, Negotiating Unity and Diversity in the European Union, Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55016-5_1
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