Nazirites in Late Second Temple Judaism: A Survey of Ancient Jewish Writings, the New Testament, Archaeological Evidence, and Other Writings from Late Antiquity (Arbeiten zur Geschichte des antiken Judentums und des Urchristentums, Bd. 60.)

224 Pages·2005·0.92 MB·English

by  Stuart Chepey

Nazirites in Late Second Temple Judaism
Ancient Judaism
and
Early Christianity
Arbeiten zur Geschichte des antiken
Judentums und des Urchristentums
Edited by
Martin Hengel (Tübingen),
Pieter W. van der Horst (Utrecht),
Martin Goodman (Oxford),
Daniel R. Schwartz (Jerusalem),
Cilliers Breytenbach (Berlin),
Friedrich Avemarie (Marburg),
Seth Schwartz (New York)
VOLUME 60
Nazirites in Late
Second Temple
Judaism
A Survey of Ancient Jewish Writings, the
New Testament, Archaeological Evidence,
and Other Writings from Late Antiquity
by
Stuart Chepey
BRILL
LEIDEN•BOSTON
2005
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Studstill, Randall.
The Unity of mystical traditions : the transformation of consciousness in
Tibetan and German mysticism / by Randall Studstill
p. cm — (Numen book series, ISSN 0169-8834 ; 107)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 90-04-14319-X (alk. paper)
1. Mysticism—China—Tibet. 2. Mysticism—Germany. I. Title. II. Series:
Studies in the history of religions ; 107.
BL1802.S74 2005
204' .22—dc22
2005045715
ISSN 0169-734X
ISBN 90 04 14465 X
© Copyright 2005 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill Academic
Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated,
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printed in the netherlands
CONTENTS
Abbreviations .............................................................................. ix
Acknowledgements ...................................................................... xi
Introduction ................................................................................ 1
Sources and Methodology ........................................................ 17
I. Direct Evidence for Nazirites ................................................ 19
1.1 4QSama .............................................................................. 20
1.2 The Septuagint .................................................................. 22
1.2.1 Numbers 6.1–21
1.2.2 Judges 13.5,7; 16.17 Codex Vaticanus
1.2.3 I Samuel 1.11, 21
1.2.4 Amos 2.11–2
1.2.5 Lamentations 4.7–8
1.3 Ben Sira ............................................................................ 40
1.4 I Maccabees ...................................................................... 42
1.5 Philo .................................................................................. 46
1.5.1 De specialibus legibus 1.247–54
1.5.2 Quod Deus sit immutabilus 86–90
1.5.3 De somniis 1.252–4
1.5.4 De ebrietate 143–4
1.6 Josephus .............................................................................. 56
1.6.1 Bellum judaicum 2.313–4
1.6.2 Antiquitates judaicae 4.72
1.6.3 Antiquitates judaicae 5.277–8, 283, 312
1.6.4 Antiquitates judaicae 5.344, 346–7
1.6.5 Antiquitates judaicae 19.294
1.7 Nazirite Tomb .................................................................. 71
1.8 The Mishnah .................................................................... 72
1.8.1 Mishnah Nazir 1.1–7
1.8.2 Mishnah Nazir 2.1–3
1.8.3 Mishnah Nazir 2.4
1.8.4 Mishnah Nazir 2.5–6
1.8.5 Mishnah Nazir 2.7–10
1.8.6 Mishnah Nazir 3.1–2
vi contents
1.8.7 Mishnah Nazir 3.3–6
1.8.8 Mishnah Nazir 3.7
1.8.9 Mishnah Nazir 4.1–7
1.8.10 Mishnah Nazir 5.1–3
1.8.11 Mishnah Nazir 5.4
1.8.12 Mishnah Nazir 5.5–7
1.8.13 Mishnah Nazir 6.1–4
1.8.14 Mishnah Nazir 6.5
1.8.15 Mishnah Nazir 6.6–9
1.8.16 Mishnah Nazir 6.10–1
1.8.17 Mishnah Nazir 7.1
1.8.18 Mishnah Nazir 7.2–4
1.8.19 Mishnah Nazir 8.1–2
1.8.20 Mishnah Nazir 9.1
1.8.21 Mishnah Nazir 9.2–4
1.8.22 Mishnah Nazir 9.5
1.8.23 Mishnah Orlah 3.3
1.8.24 Mishnah Pesachim 2.5
1.8.25 Mishnah Shekalim 2.5
1.8.26 Mishnah Menahot 13.10
1.8.27 Mishnah Temurah 7.4
1.8.28 Mishnah Middoth 2.5
1.8.29 Mishnah Kelim 6.2
1.9 The Tosefta .................................................................... 121
1.9.1 Tosefta Nezirut 4.7
1.9.2 Tosefta Niddah 5.15
1.9.3 Tosefta Nedarim 1.1
1.9.4 Tosefta Shekalim 3.7
1.10 The Halakhic Midrashim .............................................. 127
1.10.1 Mekhilta de-Rabbi Ishmael
1.10.2 Sifra
1.10.3 Sifre to Numbers
1.10.4 Sifre to Deuteronomy
1.11 Genesis Rabbah .................................................................. 135
1.12 The Targumim ................................................................ 138
1.12.1 Targum Onqelos
1.12.2 Targum Neofiti I
1.12.3 Targum Pseudo-Jonathan
1.12.4 Fragmentary Targumim (P, V)
1.12.5 Targum Jonathan
1.13 The Jerusalem Talmud .................................................. 143
contents vii
II. Possible and Tangential Evidence for Nazirites ................ 147
2.1 Mark .................................................................................. 147
2.2 Matthew ............................................................................ 151
2.3 Luke .................................................................................... 155
2.4 Acts .................................................................................... 159
2.4.1 Acts 18.18
2.4.2 Acts 21.23–7a
2.5 Hegesippus ........................................................................ 174
2.6 Plutarch .............................................................................. 178
III. Making Sense of the Evidence .......................................... 181
3.1 Thoughts about Nazirites ................................................ 181
3.2 Nazirite Behavior .............................................................. 185
3.3 The Role of the Nazirite .................................................. 197
Conclusion .................................................................................. 199
Bibliography .............................................................................. 201
Index
Index of Subjects .................................................................... 207
Index of Names ...................................................................... 210
Index of Modern Authors .................................................... 211

ABBREVIATIONS
ANTC Abingdon New Testament Commentaries
AbrNSup Abr-Nahrain: Supplemental Series
AB Anchor Bible
ABD Anchor Bible Dictionary. Edited by D. N. Freedman. 6
vols.,New York, 1992
ArBib The Aramaic Bible
BWANT Beiträge zur Wissenschaft vom Alten und Neuen Testament
BJS Brown Judaic Studies
BASOR Bulletin of the American School of Oriental Research
BIOSCS Bulletin of the International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate
Studies
CBQ Catholic Biblical Quarterly
CSJH Chicago Studies in the History of Judaism
EHAT Exegetisches Handbuch zum Alten Testament
ExpTim Expository Times
HSM Harvard Semitic Monographs
HJPAJC History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ
ICC International Critical Commentary
IEJ Israel Exploration Journal
JSNTSup Journal for the Study of the New Testament: Supplemental
Series
JSOTSup Journal for the Study of the Old Testament: Supplemental
Series
JSPSup Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha: Supplemental
Series
JBL Journal of Biblical Literature
JJS Journal of Jewish Studies
JTS Journal of Theological Studies
LCL Loeb Classical Library
NAS New American Standard
NEB New English Bible
NJB New Jerusalem Bible
NRSV New Revised Standard Version
NovT Novum Testamentum
OBO Orbis biblicus et orientalis