Natural Stone and World Heritage: Delhi-Agra, India PDF
Preview Natural Stone and World Heritage: Delhi-Agra, India
Natural Stone and World Heritage: Delhi-Agra, India Natural Stone and World Heritage Edited by Dolores Pereira Department of Geology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain ISSN: 2640-0162 eISSN: 2640-0170 Volume 2 Natural Stone and World Heritage Delhi-Agra, India Gurmeet Kaur, Sakoon Singh, Anuvinder Ahuja and Noor Dasmesh Singh Cover image: courtesy of Gurnoor Arora (NAFA Singapore) CRC Press/Balkema is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK Typeset by Apex CoVantage, LLC All rights reserved. No part of this publication or the information contained herein may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without written prior permission from the publisher. Although all care is taken to ensure integrity and the quality of this publication and the information herein, no responsibility is assumed by the publishers nor the author for any damage to the property or persons as a result of operation or use of this publication and/or the information contained herein. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Applied for Published by: CRC Press/Balkema Schipholweg 107C, 2316XC Leiden, The Netherlands e-mail: [email protected] www.crcpress.com – www.taylorandfrancis.com ISBN: 978-0-367-25180-2 (Hbk) ISBN: 978-0-429-28639-1 (eBook) DOI: 10.1201/9780429286391 https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429286391 To Our Parents Contents Foreword ix Preface x Acknowledgements xiii List of acronyms xv 1 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, International Union of Geological Sciences and Heritage Stone Subcommission 1 2 Delhi and Agra vis-à-vis monuments 23 3 Repository of stones used in Delhi and Agra UNESCO Sites: Aravalli Mountain Belt and Vindhyan Basin 37 4 UNESCO Heritage Sites of Delhi and Agra: An account 60 5 Historical quarries of the Makrana Marble, the Vindhyan Sandstone and the Delhi Quartzite: An account 109 6 Preservation, conservation and restoration of UNESCO World Heritage Sites of Delhi and Agra 142 7 Conclusions 151 viii Contents References 156 Glossary 168 Natural Stone and World Heritage 171 Foreword The famous monuments and buildings in India, such as Taj Mahal, Qutb Minar, the Humayun’s Tomb and the Victoria memorial in Kolkata, are widely known and recognized as Indian heritage. However, the construc- tion of such historic buildings, the stone that was used for their construc- tion and the meaning of the stone through its use over the centuries are details that, at least for the vast majority, are unknown. Now this book brings us closer to the historical constructions of emblematic places such as Delhi and Agra, with the UNESCO recognized monuments Humayun’s Tomb, made of red sandstone, and the Taj Mahal, made of Makrana marble. But many others will see light that without a publica- tion like this would continue to have an unfairly limited diffusion. This book is another step in the recognition of natural stone and the heritage built on stone. Prof. Dolores Pereira Secretary General, Heritage Stone Subcommission Chair, IUGS Publications Committee
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