Natural Resource Management: Ecological Perspectives PDF
Preview Natural Resource Management: Ecological Perspectives
Sustainability in Plant and Crop Protection Rajinder Peshin Ashok K. Dhawan Editors Natural Resource Management: Ecological Perspectives Sustainability in Plant and Crop Protection Series Editor Aurelio Ciancio, Sezione di Bari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante, Bari, Italy More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/13031 Rajinder Peshin • Ashok K. Dhawan Editors Natural Resource Management: Ecological Perspectives Editors Rajinder Peshin Ashok K.Dhawan Division of Agricultural Extension The Indian Ecological Society Education, Faculty of Agriculture Ludhiana, Punjab, India Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu Chatha Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India ISSN 2567-9805 ISSN 2567-9821 (electronic) Sustainability in Plant and Crop Protection ISBN 978-3-319-99767-4 ISBN 978-3-319-99768-1 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99768-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2019931545 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland This book is dedicated to the 608 delegates who attended and presented their work in the Indian Ecological Society International Conference 2016. Preface Modern input-intensive agriculture has increased the productivity of food and fibre crops, ensured food security for the 7.6 billion world population and provided food at affordable prices. The benefits of agricultural modernization overweigh the harms if we apply the consequential approach of utilitarian theory. However, modern agriculture has also led to certain undesired consequences, namely depletion of groundwater, soil erosion, pesticide resistance in pests, emergence of new insect pest and diseases, chronic health effects of pesticides, loss of soil fertility, environ- mental pollution and loss of biodiversity. Concern over global climate change, the energy crisis, pesticide-intensive pest management and new interest in the potential of biofuels have ushered in a new era of challenges and opportunities for agriculture and natural resource management. To overcome harms of modern input-intensive agriculture and concerns of cli- mate change, the emphasis is on ecologically sustainable agriculture to wisely man- age natural resources. Both public and private sector organizations contribute to the development of agriculture. Development and transfer of proprietary technolo- gies, namely hybrids, transgenic, agrochemicals and farm machinery as private goods by the private sector, has a predominant role. Private-sector research in germ- plasm improvements for food and non-food crops has been significant. Private- sector involvement in natural resource management research, however, has been very l imited, constrained by high risk and non-exclusiveness of the research results. Public-sector research and extension are essential for natural resource management and development and diffusion of production management technologies. Sustainable use of natural resources requires environmental accountings to assess the damage to land and water resources, loss of biodiversity, pesticides inflicted damages to human health and beneficial organisms. To address the issues of natural resource management from an intra and interdisciplinary perspective, an international conference was organized by the Indian Ecological Society in 2016 in which authorities from the disciplines of agriculture (entomology, plant pathology, crop production and improvement, extension education, resource economics), medical sciences, aquaculture, water vii viii Preface management and engineering, private industry (pesticide, seed, forest products) and non-governmental organizations (World Wide Fund for Nature, Centers for International Projects Trust) presented papers. In this book, we have included selected keynote lectures to provide a holistic perspective of natural resource management issues. The book covers chapters on water management, the Himalayan environment, biodiversity, role of microbes in agriculture, impact of climate change on human health and crop pests, chronic health effects of pesticides, pesticide resistance, exploiting chemical ecology for pest management, integrated pest management, integrated farming systems, and the drivers of adoption of eco- logically sustainable technologies. Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences Rajinder Peshin and Technology of Jammu Chatha Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India Acknowledgements I am grateful to Drs. Dinesh K. Marothia, Randeep Guleria, Keshav R. Kranthi, Kamal Vatta, Masud H. Wani, Surinder K. Gupta, Chanda Siddoo-Atwal, Bushan L. Jalali, Ambalal N. Sabalpara, Dharam P. Abrol and Kewal K. Sharma for their keynote lectures in the Indian Ecological Society International Conference 2016, on Natural Recourse Management: Ecological Perspectives, organized at the Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, India, on Feb. 18–20, 2016. I thank our authors for agreeing to publish their interest- ing and valuable work presented in the conference in the form of book and Springer for agreeing to publish this volume. Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences Rajinder Peshin and Technology of Jammu Chatha Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India ix About the Book: Integrated Pest Management – Innovation Development Process, Vol. 1, Springer 2009 “Peshin … and Dhawan … have … produce an encyclopedic overview of fundamen- tal concepts and recent advances in integrated pest management (IPM). Their ambi- tious undertaking is well executed, with a … combination of breath and detail, and a truly global perspective. For those whose studies relate to IPM, this collection will be an invaluable resource. Summing up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through researchers/faculty.” [M. K. Bomford, Choice, Vol. 47 (3), November, 2009] xi
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