Natural Compounds Shakhnoza S. Azimova Editor Marat S. Yunusov Co-Editor Natural Compounds Alkaloids Plant Sources, Structure and Properties With1410Figuresand362Tables Editor ShakhnozaS.Azimova S.Yu.YunusovInstituteoftheChemistryofPlantSubstances oftheAcademyofSciencesoftheRepublicofUzbekistan Tashkent Co-Editor MaratS.Yunusov S.Yu.YunusovInstituteoftheChemistryofPlantSubstances oftheAcademyofSciencesoftheRepublicofUzbekistan Tashkent ISBN978-1-4614-0559-7 ISBN978-1-4614-0560-3(eBook) DOI10.1007/978-1-4614-0560-3 Thistitleispartofasetwith SetISBN978-0-387-49139-4 SetISBN978-0-387-30748-0(eBook) SetISBN978-0-387-49140-0(printandelectronicbundle) SpringerNewYorkHeidelbergDordrechtLondon LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2012943244 #SpringerScienceþBusinessMediaNewYork2013 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthe materialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation, broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped.Exemptedfromthislegalreservationarebriefexcerptsinconnection withreviewsorscholarlyanalysisormaterialsuppliedspecificallyforthepurposeofbeingenteredand executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. 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Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScienceþBusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Dedicated to the memory of academician S. Yu. Yunusov Editors Page Editor-In-Chief ShakhnozaS.Azimova S.Yu.YunusovInstituteoftheChemistryofPlantSubstancesofthe AcademyofSciencesoftheRepublicofUzbekistan Tashkent ManagingEditor ValentinaI.Vinogradova S.Yu.YunusovInstituteoftheChemistryofPlantSubstancesofthe AcademyofSciencesoftheRepublicofUzbekistan Tashkent Co-Editor MaratS.Yunusov S.Yu.YunusovInstituteoftheChemistryofPlantSubstancesofthe AcademyofSciencesoftheRepublicofUzbekistan Tashkent vii Table of Contents Alkaloids Plants,Structures,Properties FamilyAmaranthaceae ......................................... 5 FamilyAmaryllidaceae ........................................ 5 FamilyApocynaceae .......................................... 8 FamilyAsclepiadaceae ......................................... 11 FamilyBerberidaceae .......................................... 12 FamilyBignoniaceae .......................................... 16 FamilyBoraginaceae .......................................... 16 FamilyBuxaceae ............................................. 19 FamilyCampanulaceae(Lobeliaceae) ............................. 20 FamilyCapparidaceae(Capparaceae) .............................. 20 FamilyCaricaceae ............................................ 20 FamilyChenopodiaceae ........................................ 21 FamilyClavicipidaceae ........................................ 22 FamilyCompositae(Asteraceae) ................................. 22 FamilyConvolvulaceae ........................................ 24 FamilyCrassulaceae ........................................... 25 FamilyCruciferae(Brassicaceae) ................................. 26 FamilyCyperaceae ............................................ 26 FamilyDipsacaceae ........................................... 26 FamilyElaeagnaceae .......................................... 27 FamilyEphedraceae ........................................... 27 FamilyEuphorbiaceae ......................................... 27 FamilyFumariaceae ........................................... 28 FamilyGentianaceae .......................................... 33 FamilyGeraniaceae(Biebersteiniaceae) ............................ 34 FamilyGramineae(Poaceae) .................................... 35 FamilyLabiatae(Lamiaceae) .................................... 35 FamilyLeguminosae(Fabaceae) ................................. 36 FamilyLiliaceae ............................................. 41 FamilyMagnoliaceae .......................................... 48 FamilyMenispermaceae ........................................ 49 FamilyMoniliaceae ........................................... 49 FamilyNymphaeaceae ......................................... 50 FamilyPapaveraceae .......................................... 50 ix x TableofContents FamilyPlantaginaceae ......................................... 56 FamilyPolygonaceae .......................................... 56 FamilyPseudomonaceae ....................................... 57 FamilyRanunculaceae ......................................... 57 FamilyResedaceae ............................................ 67 FamilyRhamnaceae ........................................... 68 FamilyRosaceae ............................................. 68 FamilyRutaceae .............................................. 68 FamilySantalaceae ........................................... 72 FamilySaxifragaceae .......................................... 73 FamilyScrophulariaceae ....................................... 73 FamilySolanaceae ............................................ 74 FamilyTaxaceae ............................................. 78 FamilyTheaceae ............................................. 78 FamilyUmbelliferae(Apiaceae) .................................. 78 FamilyZygophyllaceae(Nitrariaceae,Peganaceae) ................... 78 PhysicochemicalandPharmacologicalPropertiesofAlkaloids AmaryllidaceaeAlkaloids Caranine .................................................... 84 Crinine(Crinidine) ............................................ 84 Demethylhomolycorine(9-Demethylhomolycorine) ................... 84 Dihydroepimacronine .......................................... 85 Epimacronine ................................................ 85 Forthucine .................................................. 85 Galanthamine(Lycorimine) ..................................... 86 Galanthine .................................................. 87 Galanthusine ................................................ 87 Haemanthamine(Natalensine,3-Epicrinamine) ...................... 87 Hippeastrine(Trispherine) ...................................... 88 Lycorine(Narcissine,Galanthidine) ............................... 89 (+)-Narwedine(Galanthaminone) ................................. 89 (-)-Narwedine ................................................ 90 (±)-Narwedine ............................................... 90 Pancratine(Hemantidine,Lyuteine) ............................... 91 Tazettine(Ungernine,Sakisonine) ................................ 91 Trianthine((+)-Ungminoridine,(+)-Zefirantine) ...................... 92 Ungeremine(Licobetaine) ...................................... 92 Ungerine ................................................... 93 Ungminoridine[(±)-Zefirantine] .................................. 93 (–)-Ungminorine ............................................. 93 (±)-Ungminorine ............................................. 94 Ungspirolidine ............................................... 94 Ungspiroline ................................................ 95 Ungvedine .................................................. 95 Unsevine ................................................... 95
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