Natural and Artificial Models in Computation and Biology: 5th International Work-Conference on the Interplay Between Natural and Artificial Computation, IWINAC 2013, Mallorca, Spain, June 10-14, 2013. Proceedings, Part I PDF
Preview Natural and Artificial Models in Computation and Biology: 5th International Work-Conference on the Interplay Between Natural and Artificial Computation, IWINAC 2013, Mallorca, Spain, June 10-14, 2013. Proceedings, Part I
José Manuel Ferrández Vicente José Ramón Álvarez Sánchez Félix de la Paz López Fco. Javier Toledo Moreo (Eds.) 0 3 9 Natural and Artificial Models 7 S C in Computation and Biology N L 5th International Work-Conference on the Interplay Between Natural and Artificial Computation, IWINAC 2013 Mallorca, Spain, June 2013, Proceedings, Part I 123 Lecture Notes in Computer Science 7930 CommencedPublicationin1973 FoundingandFormerSeriesEditors: GerhardGoos,JurisHartmanis,andJanvanLeeuwen EditorialBoard DavidHutchison LancasterUniversity,UK TakeoKanade CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,PA,USA JosefKittler UniversityofSurrey,Guildford,UK JonM.Kleinberg CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NY,USA AlfredKobsa UniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,CA,USA FriedemannMattern ETHZurich,Switzerland JohnC.Mitchell StanfordUniversity,CA,USA MoniNaor WeizmannInstituteofScience,Rehovot,Israel OscarNierstrasz UniversityofBern,Switzerland C.PanduRangan IndianInstituteofTechnology,Madras,India BernhardSteffen TUDortmundUniversity,Germany MadhuSudan MicrosoftResearch,Cambridge,MA,USA DemetriTerzopoulos UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,CA,USA DougTygar UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,CA,USA GerhardWeikum MaxPlanckInstituteforInformatics,Saarbruecken,Germany José Manuel FerrándezVicente José RamónÁlvarez Sánchez Félix de la Paz López Fco. Javier Toledo Moreo (Eds.) Natural and Artificial Models in Computation and Biology 5th InternationalWork-Conference on the Interplay BetweenNaturalandArtificialComputation,IWINAC2013 Mallorca, Spain, June 10-14, 2013 Proceedings, Part I 1 3 VolumeEditors JoséManuelFerrándezVicente Fco.JavierToledoMoreo UniversidadPolitécnicadeCartagena DepartamentodeElectrónica,TecnologíadeComputadorasyProyectos Pl.Hospital,1 30201Cartagena,Spain E-mail:{jm.ferrandez;javier.toledo}@upct.es JoséRamónÁlvarezSánchez FélixdelaPazLópez UniversidadNacionaldeEducaciónaDistancia E.T.S.deIngeneríaInformática DepartamentodeInteligenciaArtificial JuandelRosal,16 28040Madrid,Spain E-mail:{jras;delapaz}@dia.uned.es ISSN0302-9743 e-ISSN1611-3349 ISBN978-3-642-38636-7 e-ISBN978-3-642-38637-4 DOI10.1007/978-3-642-38637-4 SpringerHeidelbergDordrechtLondonNewYork LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2013938949 CRSubjectClassification(1998):F.1,F.2,I.2,G.2,I.4-5,J.3-4,J.1 LNCSSublibrary:SL1–TheoreticalComputerScienceandGeneralIssues ©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2013 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,re-useofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting, reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublication orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965, initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.Violationsareliable toprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,etc.inthispublicationdoesnotimply, evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevantprotectivelaws andregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Typesetting:Camera-readybyauthor,dataconversionbyScientificPublishingServices,Chennai,India Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Preface Living Nature Computing A trend in computing is the disappearing computer, that is, computers become part of the environment, part of our daily lives, sharing our personal spaces, our amusements, even our own bodies - e.g., embedded systems, accompany- ing robotics, electronic neuroprosthetics. This implies that computing will also become part of living nature and that computing will be performed by living nature. We believe it is essentialto articulate the relationshipbetween different areas of science in order to collaborate and foster a discussion on the interplay of computing with living natural systems. Natural computing has two sides: computing inspired by nature and com- puting in nature. These two sides are usually seen as complementary, but our meeting is situated at the intersection/interplay of these two sides. We call this intersection“LivingNatureComputing.”Thetermlivingnatureshouldbetaken in a broad sense: from cells via animals to humans. Living nature also puts a focus on natural computing: evolutionary computing and neural networks are examples ofnaturalcomputing inspired by living nature.DNA computing is in- cludedasfarasthecomputationtakesplaceinsidelivingnature.Afurtherfocus is the type of computation: we consider engineered computation as inspired by living nature. Six interesting areas are selected, which share aspects of living nature com- puting, that we would like to promote in our meetings. – Cognitive Robotics: Cognitive robotic systems, apart from being practical engineering challenges, are also excellent platforms for experimenting with situatedandembodiedcognitivetheoriesandmodels,posinginterestingand hard challenges to theoretical and fundamental cognition issues. As Prof. Mirasaid:“RoboticsisthemostcompleteparadigminArtificialIntelligence: it includes, perception, reasoning,and action.” – Natural Computing: Natural computing refers to computational processes observed in nature, and to human-designed computing inspired by nature. When complex natural phenomena are analyzed in terms of computational processes,ourunderstandingofbothnatureandthe essenceofcomputation isenhanced.Characteristicofhuman-designedcomputinginspiredbynature is the metaphorical use of concepts, principles, and mechanisms underlying natural systems. Natural computing includes evolutionary algorithms, neu- ral networks, molecular computing, quantum computing, neural modelling, plasticity studies, etc. – Wetware computation: Wetware computation refers to an organic computer built from living neurons. Silicon-based microchips have physical limits and also power dissipation problems. Wetware computing uses biochemistry VI Preface instead of silicon for finding better solutions to be used in future electronics andininformationandcommunicationstechnologies.Moleculesorlivingor- ganisms may carry electrical charge and may perform computing functions withlessintegrationorpowerdissipation.Awetwarecomputermaybebuilt from leech neurons and be capable of performing simple arithmetic opera- tions and simple pattern-recognition tasks. Another wetware computation is based on cellular cultures. Cells could be neurons from dissociated hip- pocampus or cortical tissue, neuroblastoma cells, or even PC12 cells, a cell line derived from the rat adrenal medulla. – Quality of Life Technologies: During the last few years, there is an increas- ing interest in technologies oriented to improve the quality of life of people. Qualityoflifetechnologies(QoLTs)coverabroadareaofresearchincluding engineering,computerscience,medicine,psychology,orsocialsciences.Typ- ical applications of QoLTs include assistance technologies for people with some kind of disability as, for example, assistive robots, elderly care tech- nologies,orsmarthomes.However,QoLTsincludepowerfultoolstoimprove the well-being of individuals and societies in general. – Biomedical and Industrial Perception Applications: Image understanding is a research area involving both feature extraction and object identification withinimagesfromascene,andaposteriortreatmentofthis informationin ordertoestablishrelationshipsbetweentheseobjectswithaspecificgoal.In biomedical and industrial scenarios, the main purpose of this discipline is, givenavisualproblem,tomanageallaspectsofpriorknowledge,fromstudy start-upand initiation through data collection,quality control,expert inde- pendent interpretation, to the design and development of systems involving image processing capable of tackle with these tasks. – WebIntelligenceandNeuroscience:Thestudyofauser’sbrainwavesapplied torevealtheimpactofpersonalizedWebcontentopensthedoorforpowerful collaborations between Web intelligence and neuroscience. The purpose of thisareaistodiscussthepotentialapplicationsofneurosciencemethodsand concepts in order to evaluate, design, and develop user satisfaction models for intelligent websites. Some of the potential research areas to be analyzed arepersonalizationofWebcontentandWebapplicationdesign.Onthebasis ofempiricalrecordings,itispossibletorevealwhichfeaturesarerelevantfor each user, therefore learning how to personalize both content and business logic in order to improve the overall user satisfaction. Brainwave analysis can provide the mechanisms to record and measure relevant user behavior patternsregardingmemory,attention,andothercognitiveaspects.Thedata obtained by brainwave analysis could guide the development of user satis- factionmodels,i.e.,conceptualandmathematicalmodelsthatcouldexplain not only why users are satisfied with the provided content, but also predict future satisfaction. We want to study living nature computing using a systems approach. Comput- ing is not an add-on to the living system, but it is an integral part that is in symbiosis with the system. In fact, it is often not possible to distinguish the Preface VII computational parts from the non computational parts. This wider view of the computational paradigmgives us more elbow room to accommodate the results of the interplaybetween nature and computation.The IWINAC forumthus be- comesamethodologicalapproximation(setofintentions,questions,experiments, models, algorithms, mechanisms, explanation procedures, and engineering and computational methods) to the natural and artificial perspectives of the mind embodiment problem, both in humans and in artifacts. This is the philosophy of IWINAC meetings, the “interplay”movement between the natural and the artificial, facing this same problem every two years. This synergistic approach willpermitusnotonlytobuildnewcomputationalsystemsbasedonthenatural measurablephenomena,butalsotounderstandmanyoftheobservablebehaviors inherent to natural systems. The difficulty of building bridges between natural and artificial computa- tion is one of the main motivations for the organization of IWINAC 2013. The IWINAC 2013 proceedings contain the works selected by the Scientific Com- mittee from more than 100 submissions, after the refereeing process. The first volume, entitled Natural and Artificial Models in Computation and Biology, in- cludes all the contributions mainly related to the methodological, conceptual, formal,andexperimentaldevelopmentsinthefieldsofneurophysiologyandcog- nitivescience.Thesecondvolume,entitledNaturalandArtificialComputationin EngineeringandMedical Applications,containsthepapersrelatedtobioinspired programming strategies and all the contributions related to the computational solutions to engineering problems in different application domains, especially health applications,including the CYTED“Artificialand NaturalComputation for Health”(CANS) researchnetwork papers. AneventofthenatureofIWINAC2013cannotbeorganizedwithoutthecol- laborationofagroupofinstitutionsandpeoplewhowewouldliketothanknow, starting with UNED and Universidad Polit´ecnica de Cartagena. The collabora- tion of the UNED Associated Center in Palma de Mallorca was crucial, as was the efficient work of the Local Organizing Committee, Miguel Angel Va´zquez Segura, and Francisco J. Perales Lo´pez with the close collaboration of the Uni- versitat de les Illes Balears. Inadditionto ouruniversities,we receivedfinancial support from the Spanish CYTED, Red Nacional en Computaci´on Naturally Artificial and Apliquem Microones 21 s.l.. We want to express our gratefulness to our invited speakers,Rodolfo Llina´s, from the Department of Physiology and Neuroscience at New York University, Dario Floreano, from the Laboratory of Intelligent Systems at EPFL (Switzer- land), and Pedro Go´mez-Vilda, from the Oral Communication Lab “Robert Wayne Neucomb” in UPM (Spain), for accepting our invitation and for their magnificent plenary talks. We would also like to thank the authors for their interestin our calland the effort in preparingthe papers, conditionsine qua non for these proceedings.We thank the Scientific and Organizing Committees, in particular the members of these committees who acted as effective and efficient referees and as promoters VIII Preface andmanagersofpreorganizedsessionsonautonomousandrelevanttopicsunder the IWINAC global scope. Our sincere gratitude goes also to Springer and to Alfred Hofmann and his collaborators, Anna Kramer and Elke Werner, for the continuous receptivity, help efforts,and collaborationin allour jointeditorialventuresonthe interplay between neuroscience and computation. Finally, we wantto express our specialthanks to ESOC,our technicalsecre- tariat,andtoVictoriaRamosandNuriaPastor,formakingthismeetingpossible, and for arranging all the details that comprise the organization of this kind of event. Alltheauthorsofpapersinthisvolume,aswellastheIWINACProgramand Organizing Committees, would like to commemorate the memory of Professor Mira,whopassedawayfiveyearsago,bothasagreatscientist,withanincredible dissemination profile, and as best friend. We still carry his memory deep inside our hearts. June 2013 Jos´e Manuel Ferra´ndez Vicente Jos´e R´amon A´lvarez Sa´nchez F´elix de la Paz L´opez Fco. Javier Toledo More Organization General Chair Jos´e Manuel Ferra´ndez Vicente, UPCT, Spain Organizing Committee Jos´e Ram´on A´lvarez Sa´nchez, UNED, Spain F´elix de la Paz L´opez, UNED, Spain Fco. Javier Toledo Moreo, UPCT, Spain Local Organizing Committee Miguel A´ngel Va´zquez Segura, UNED, Spain Francisco J. Perales L´opez, UIB, Spain Invited Speakers Rodolfo Llina´s, USA Dario Floreano, Switzerland Pedro Go´mez-Vilda, Spain Field Editors Manuel Arias Calleja, Spain Manuel Luque Gallego, Spain Juan Jos´e Pantrigo,Spain Antonio Sanz, Spain Daniel Ruiz, Spain Javier De Lope Asia´ın, Spain Dar´ıo Maravall Go´mez-Allende, Spain Antonio Ferna´ndez Caballero,Spain Rafael Mart´ınez Tom´as, Spain Oscar Mart´ınez Mozos, Spain Mar´ıa Consuelo Bastida Jumilla, Spain Rosa Mar´ıa Mench´on Lara, Spain Luis Mart´ınez Otero, Spain Eduardo Sa´nchez Vila, Spain X Organization International Scientific Committee Andy Adamatzky, UK Michael Affenzeller, Austria Abraham Ajith, Norway Amparo Alonso Betanzos, Spain Jose Ramon Alvarez-Sanchez, Spain Diego Andina, Spain Davide Anguita, Italy Manuel Arias Calleja, Spain Jos´e M. Azor´ın, Spain Margarita Bachiller Mayoral,Spain Antonio Bahamonde, Spain Dana Ballard, USA Emilia I. Barakova,The Netherlands Alvaro Barreiro,Spain Senen Barro Ameneiro, Spain M-Consuelo Bastida-Jumilla,Spain Francisco Bellas, Spain Guido Bologna, Switzerland Paula Bonomini, Argentina Juan Botia, Spain Franc¸ois Bremond, France Giorgio Cannata, Italy Enrique J. Carmona Suarez, Spain German Castellanos-Dominguez,Colombia Joaquin Cerda Boluda, Spain Alexander Cerquera, Colombia Enric Cervera Mateu, Spain Antonio Chella, Italy Santi Chillemi, Italy Eris Chinellato, Spain Carlos Colodro-Conde,Spain Ricardo Contreras,Chile Erzsebet Csuhaj-Varju, Hungary Jose Manuel Cuadra Troncoso, Spain Felix de la Paz Lopez, Spain Javier de Lope, Spain Erik De Schutter, Belgium Angel P. del Pobil, Spain Ana E. Delgado Garc´ıa, Spain Jose Dorronsoro,Spain Gerard Dreyfus, France Richard Duro, Spain Reinhard Eckhorn,Germany Patrizia Fattori, Italy
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