National Symposium on Acoustics (NSA 2010)

208 Pages·4.439 MB·English

ISSN 0973-3302

2010

PPPPPPPPPPPPrrrrrrrrrrrroooooooooooocccccccccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeddddddddddddiiiiiiiiiiiinnnnnnnnnnnngggggggggggg ooooooooooooffffffffffff NNNNNNNNNNNNaaaaaaaaaaaattttttttttttiiiiiiiiiiiioooooooooooonnnnnnnnnnnnaaaaaaaaaaaallllllllllll

SSSSSSSSSSSSyyyyyyyyyyyymmmmmmmmmmmmppppppppppppoooooooooooossssssssssssiiiiiiiiiiiiuuuuuuuuuuuummmmmmmmmmmm oooooooooooonnnnnnnnnnnn AAAAAAAAAAAAccccccccccccccccccccccccoooooooooooouuuuuuuuuuuussssssssssssttttttttttttiiiiiiiiiiiicccccccccccc

UUllttrraassoonniiccss

VVVVoooolllluuuummmmeeee----33337777 NNNNNNNNuuuuuuuummmmmmmmbbbbbbbbeeeeeeeerrrrrrrr 11111111 2222000011110000

wwwwww..nnssaa22001100..ggppggccrriisshhiikkeesshh..ccoomm

1 | P a ge
Journal of Acoustical Society of India

The Refereed Journal of the Acoustical Society of India (JASI)

CCHHIEIEFF E DEIDTOITRO R Editorial Office:
Mahavir Singh MANAGING EDITOR
Mahavir Singh
Acoustics Section Omkar Sharma
Acoustics Section
National Physical Laboratory
National Physical Laboratory
Dr. KS Krishnan Road ASSISTANT EDITORS
NDerw. KDSel hKi 1ri1s0h 0n1a2n Road Yudhisther Kumar
TNeel w+9 D1-1e1lh-4i 51610093 0119 2 Anil Kumar Nain
FTaexl ++9911-1-11-14-5465096301993 19 Naveen Garg
E-mail: [email protected]
Fax [phone]
Acoustics Section
E-mail: [email protected] National Physical Laboratory
A SSOCIATE SCIENTIFIC EDITOR Dr. KS Krishnan Road
A pplied Acoustics New Delhi 110 012
ASSOCIATE SCIENTIFIC Tel [phone]
Fax [phone]
EDITOR
Trinath Kar E-mail: [email protected]
TAepchpnlioelodg Ay Lceoauds tics
C CL Bangalore
T el-91-9481789158
ET-rminaailt: htr iKnaatrh [email protected]

Technology Lead

The journal of Acoustical Society of India is a refereed journal of the Acoustical Society of India (ASI). The ASI is a non-profit
national society founded in 31st july,1971. The primary objective of the society is the advance the science the science of
acoustics by creating an organization that is responsive to the needs of scientists and engineers concerned with acoustics
problems all around the world.

Manuscripts of articles, technical notes and letter to the editor should be submitted to the Chief Editor. Copies of articles on
specific listed above should also be submitted to the respective. Associate Scientific Editor. Manuscripts are refereed by at least
two referees and are reviewed by Publication Committee (all editors) before acceptance. On are refereed by at least two referees
and are reviewed by Publicatin Committee (all editors) before acceptance. On acceptance revised articles with the text and
figures scanned as separate files on a diskette should be submitted to the Editor by express mail Manuscripts of articles must be
prepared in strict accordance with the author instructions.
All information concerning subscription new books journals conferences etc. Should be submitted to Chief Editor

Acoustics Section, National Physical Laboratory, Dr. KS Krishnan Road New Delhi 110 012
Tel: [phone]. Fax:[phone], e-mail:[email protected]

The journal and all articles and illustrations published herein are protected by copyright. No part of this journal may be translated
reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic ,mechanical, photocopying,
microfilming recording or otherwise, without written permission of the publisher.

Copyright @2007, Acoustical Society of India
ISSN 0973-330
Printed at Alpha Printers BG-2/38C Paschim Vihar, New Delhi-110063 Tel:[phone], JASI is sent to ASI members free of
charge.
2 | P a ge
MAHAVIR SINGH
Chief Editor
OMKAR SHARMA
Managing Editor
T RINATH KAR
A ssociate Scientific Editor
Y oudhishter kumar
Anil Kumar Nain

Assistant Editor

Naveen Garg

Assistant Editor
E DITORIAL BOARD
M L Munjal
IIsc Banglore India

S Narayanan

IIT Chennai India

V Rajendran
K SRCT Erode India
R J M Craik
HWU Edinburg. UK

Trevor RT Nightingle

NRC Ottawa, Canada

B V A Rao
V IT Vellore, India
P Narang
NMI Lindfield, Australia

E S R Rajagopal

IISc Banglore, India

V Bhujanga Rao
N STL Vizag, India
A L Vyas
IIT Delhi, India

V Bhujanga Rao

NSTL Vizag, India

Yukio Kagawa
N U Chiba Japan
S Datta
LU Loughborough UK

Sonoko Kuwano

OU Osaka Japan

KK Pujara
II T Delhi (Ex) India
A R Mohanty
IIT Kharagpur India

Ashok Kumar

NPL New Delhi India
V mOhanan
NPL New Delhi ,India

3 | P a ge
Sound Transmission through Building Enclosures

The article deals with sound transmission through building enclosures including different forms of
predominantly lightweight wall construction. It gives guidance on how walls comprising a number of
separate element can be assessed. Sound transmission from outside to inside the reader should also see
BS EN 12345-4:2000 if they are concerned with containment of sound within a building.

The performance of a wall or roof has to be considered in terms of the internal spaces. The aim is to
provide a building envelope that gives the required sound pressure levels within a room or other internal
space. The noise level within a room will depend on the amount of sound energy transmitted through the
wall and interreflection of sound inside the room. The room effect is usually determined by the amount of
sound absorbing material in the room. Sound transmission of an assembly of components can be
calculated provided the wall can be analysed as discrete areas for each of which the Sound Reduction
Index is known.
This applies to windows in walls and collections of windows but note that sound transmission through
interface components such a joining mullions between windows may not be known.
Sound transmission through a whole wall Is established by calculating an apparent sound reduction index
(SRI) for the wall. This is used to determined the difference in sound between the outside and inside. The
procedure is to calculate the sound power reduction for each element of the wall. The total sound power
reduction can then be calculated and converted to an apparent reduction index.
When sound of intensity 1W/m2 falls on a wall the sound power (in watts) transmitted by an element is
given by:
W =S 10
i i

Where
S is the area of an element (m2 )
i
R is the sound reduction Index of that element (dB)
i

(Mahavir Singh)

4 | P a ge
1 US-1 Velocity and Thermodynamic properties of Binary liquid mixtures of 8-13
Methanol, Ethanol with Ethylacetoactate
P. Paul Divakara, A. Madhusudhanacharyulua & Mrs. K. Samathab
2 US-2 Study of Solvation number and related parameters of Ammonium 14-19
bifluoride in non-aqueous medium
A. Beulah Mary, J.H.Rakini Chandrasekaran, G. Bharathi & K.Ganthimathi
3 US-3 Study of Internal pressure and Equivalent conductance of solutions of 20-22
calcium fluoride in non-aqueous medium
A. Beulah Mary, J.H.Rakini Chandrasekaran, G. Bharathi & K.Ganthimathi
4 US-4 Effect of electronegativity on free volume and vanderwaals constant 23-27
of binary and ternary liquid mixtures
K. VIJAYALAKSHMI, C. Ravidhas
5 US-5 Ultrasonic studies of nn'-methylene bis-acrylamide in water 28-33
T.Mathavan, S.Umapathy, M.A.Jothi Rajan, A. Alfred Nobel Antony,
X.Dolour Selvarajan, J.Hakkim,
V.Stephen Raja & T.S.Vivekanandam
6 US-6 Determination of ultrasonic interaction parameter for Poly (acrylic 34-38
acid) in water
T.Mathavan, S.Umapathy, M.A.Jothi Rajan, B.Valarmathi &
T.S.Vivekanandam
7 US-7 Ultrasonic investigations of n-methylpyrrolidone in 1-propanol 39-44
T.Mathavan, S.Umapathy, M.A.Jothi Rajan, S.Gokila, M.Abirami,
S.K.Dravida Selvi, R.Hemalatha &
T.S.Vivekanandam
8 US-8 A study of solvation effect of some sodium salts in non-aqueous 45-50
medium using ultrasonic velocity
Padmavathy. R, Jasmine Vasantha Rani. E, Seethalakshmi. K &
Rahmathunnisa. R
9 US-9 Thermo - acoustic and spectroscopic study of polymer salt in non- 51-56
aqueous medium using ultrasonic velocity
Jasmine Vasantha Rani.E, Padmavathi.R, Radha.N, Kannagi. & Lavanya.N
10 US-10 Ultrasonic investigations of peg (400) in toluene-clay mixture 57-62
T. Mathavan, S.Umapathy, M.A.Jothi Rajan, M. Megala &
T.S.Vivekanandam
11 US-11 Acoustical Study on Thermo dynamical and Excess parameters of 63-69
binary and ternary mixtures
M.M. Armstrong Arasu & Dr. I.Johnson
12 US-12 Study of Thermo Acoustical Parameters of Some Binary Mixtures from 70-76
volume Expansivity Data
M.M. Armstrong Arasu & Dr. I.Johnson
13 US-13 A comprehensive analysis of solvation number of some organic acid 77-82
salts in non- aqueous medium
Jasmine Vasantha Rani E & Suhashini Ernest
14 US-14 Ultrasonic study on binary mixtures of ethyl benzoate with benzene 83-88
and substituted benzenes at different temperatures
B. Nagarjuna, Y.V. V Apparaoa, G.V Ramaraob, A.V Sarmaa & C.
5 | P a ge
Rambabuc
15 US-15 Study of non linear parameter (b/a) and thermo acoustic parameter of 89-94
binary mixture at different frequencies
G. Nath & R. Paikaray
16 US-16 Thermo-acoustic Studies on Ternary Mixtures of Methyl Iso-butyl 95-100
Ketone, Acetyl acetone and butanols with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)
T.Karunamoy, S. K Dash, S.K.Nayak & B B Swain
17 US-17 Glueckauff’s model for lowering of dielectric constant of electrolytic 101-110
solutions & Isentropic Compressiblity Studies with aqueous
electrolytic solutions using Ultrasonics –IONS PAIRS (CHLORIDES)
V.Brahmajirao , T. Gunavardhan Naidu , P.Rajendra , T.Srikanth & Shanaz
Batul
18 US-18 Glueckauff’s model for lowering of dielectric constant of electrolytic 111-121
solutions & Isentropic Compressiblity Studies with aqueous
electrolytic solutions using Ultrasonics –IONS PAIRS (SULPHATES)
V.Brahmajirao , T. Gunavardhan Naidu, T.Srikanth , P.Rajendra & Shanaz
Batul
19 US-19 Tempareture variation of velocity in cow milk at different Ultrasonic 122-128
frequencies
Kailash, S. N. Shrivastava & Poonam Yadav
20 US-20 Ultrasonic Study of some Organic Pathological Compounds 129-133
Kailash, S. K. Shrivastava & Jitendra Kumar
21 US-21 High Temperature Study of Anharmonic Properties of TeO 134-138
Kailash, Jitendra Kumar & Virendra kumar
22 US-22 Orientation Dependence of Ultrasonic Attenuation for Calcium Oxide 139-143
in High Temperature Range
Kailash, S. K. Shrivastava & Jitendra Kumar
23 US-23 Molecular radii of Pyridine/quinoline with phenol in benzene using 144-149
acoustical methods at different temperatures
Anjali Awasthi, Bhawana S. Tripathi, Rajiv K. Tripathi & Aashees Awasthi
24 US-24 Ultrasonic and theoretical study of binary mixture of DEHPA(Di-(2- 150-155
ethyl-hexyl) phosphoric acid) with n-hexane at different temperatures
Sujata Mishra & Rita Paikaray
25 US-25 Acoustical Studies of Molecular Interactions in Binary Liquid System 156-163
of Cinnamaldehyde and N-N Dimethylaniline at 303 K
Padmanabhan G, Kumar R, Jayakumar S & Kannappan V
26 US-26 Characterization of Nanofluid of Platinum 164-169
Virendra Kumar, Kailash and Jitendra Kumar
27 US-27 Ultrasonic Behaviour of Mixed Crystals 170-175
Virendra Kumar, Kailash and Bharat Singh
28 US-28 Temperature Dependence of Ultrasonic Attenuation in Strontium 176-181
Oxide Crystal
Kailash, Virendra Kumar, and D.D. Gupta
29 US-29 Ultrasonic Wave Propagation in Refractory Materials 182-188
Devraj Singh , P. K. Yadawa, Ravi S. Singh and S. K. Sahu
30 US-30 Ultrasonic Wave Propagation in II-VI Hexagonal Semiconductor 189-200
6 | P a ge
Compounds
Pramod Kumar Yadawa & Devraj Singh
31 US-31 Sound Velocity And Density Studies To Find The Effect of PEG on 201-208
Aqueous Anionic Surfactant (SDS)
S. CHAUHAN, M.S. CHAUHAN & R.S. THAKUR

7 | P a ge
VELOCITY AND THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF
BINARY LIQUID MIXTURES OF METHONOL, ETHANOL WITH ETHYLACETOACTATE
AS COMMON SOLVENT

#
P. Paul Divakar *, A.S. Madhusudanacharyulu* and Mrs. K. Samatha

* Research Scholars, Department of Physics, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam – 530 003
#
Professor, Department of Physics, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam – 530 003
email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT: Ultrasonic velocity(U), density(ρ) and viscosity(η) measurements were made in two
binary liquid mixtures for methanol and ethanol with ethylacetoacetate as a common solvent at 303,
308, 313 and 318 K with increasing mole fraction of ethylacetoacetate using single crystal variable
path ultrasonic interferometer at 2 MHz frequency. The experimental data have been used to
calculate adiabatic compressibility, inter molecular free length, free volume, internal pressure,
molar volume and enthalpy. The excess values of the above parameters have been evaluated and
discussed in the light of molecular interactions.

KEYWORDS: Adiabatic compressibility, Inter molecular free length, Free volume, Internal pressure,
Molar volume and Enthalpy.

INTRODUCTION: The ultrasonic velocity measurements are very important and playing vital role not only
in characterizing the behaviour of liquid mixtures but also in the study of molecular interactions. In recent
times ultrasonic velocity has been adequately employed in understanding the nature of molecular

interaction in pure liquidsand binary mixtures. Most of the work on binary mixtures is channelized towards
the estimation of thermodynamic parameters like adiabatic compressibility, free length etc., and their
excess values so as to relate them towards explaining the molecular interactions and hydrogen bonding
taking place between the components of the binary liquid mixtures [1-5].
8 | P a ge
The present study involves the binary mixtures of methanol and ethanol with ethylacetoacetate of various
mole fractions at four different temperatures 303, 308, 313, 318 K. The excess values of some acoustical
and thermo dynamical parameters have been calculated from the experimentally measured values i.e.,
ultrasonic velocity, density and viscosity of the mixtures. The excess values are made to use for the
explanation of the intermolecular interactions, intramolecular interactions and also hydrogen bonding.

EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS: The chemicals used in the present work are AR grade of purity 99% from E-
Merck. The densities and viscosities were measured and compared at the working temperature with the
corresponding literature values. Speeds of sound measurement were made with a single crystal variable
path ultrasonic interferometer (Model F-81; Mittal enterprises) at 2 MHz frequency with an accuracy of
±0.01%. The densities were measured using specific gravity bottles by relative measurement method with
accuracy of ±0.01kg/m. The weight of the samples were measured using a single pan balance (electronic,
Keroy). An Oswald viscometer (5ml) was used for the viscosity measurements and efflux time was
determined using a conventional stop-watch. A constant temperature bath has been used to circulate water
through the measuring cell made-up of steel containing the experimental liquid at the desired temperature
with an accuracy of ±0.1K.

THEORY AND CALCULATIONS

Various Physical and thermo dynamical parameters are calculated.

(1) Adiabatic Compressibility β = 1/(ρU2) cm2 / dyne
ad

(2) Intermolecular free length L = k( β )1/2 A0
f ad
–6 –6 –6
where k is a temperature dependent constant. Its values are 627×10 , 631.5×10 , 636×10 and
–6
640.5×10 respectively at 303, 308, 313 and 318K.

(3) Molar volume V = M /ρ cm3 / mole
eff eff
where M is the molecular weight of the mixture in which M = ∑ m x
eff eff i i

where m and x are the molecular weight and the mole fraction of the individual constituents
i i

respectively.

(4) Internal Pressure Π = bRT (Kη/U)1/2 [ (ρ)2/3 / (M )7/6] dynes / cm2
i eff
where b is the cubic packing which is assumed to be 2 for all liquids and solutions,
η is the viscosity, R is a gas constant and T absolute temperature K is the temperature dependent
constant is equal to 4.28 X109 for all liquids.

9 | P a ge
(5) Free volume V = ( M U / Kη )3/2 cm3 / mole
f eff

(6) Enthalpy H = ΠV cal / mole
i

Excess values of the above parameters can be evaluated using AE = A - A
exp id
Where A = ∑ A x where A is any acoustical parameter and x is the mole fraction of the liquid
id i i i i
component.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
The experimental values of ultrasonic velocity, density and viscosity for the two binary liquid systems at
303, 308, 313 and 318K are given in Table 1. The excess values of acoustical and thermo dynamical
parameters are presented in tables 2-3.
Table 1 : Values of Ultrasonic Velocity(U), Density (ρ ) and viscosity(η )
for mole fraction X of ethylacetoacetate
System I : Methanol +Ethylacetoacetate
X U x 104 cm/sec ρ x 103 gr/cm3 η centi poise
303K 308K 313K 318K 303K 308K 313K 318K 303K 308K 313K 318K
0.0000 1088.5 1070.3 1055.30 1034.20 0.7809 0.7709 0.7656 0.7605 0.4968 0.4747 0.4478 0.4236
0.0381 1097.8 1081.6 1067.85 1048.26 0.8224 0.7976 0.7931 0.7881 0.5548 0.5124 0.4756 0.4548
0.0818 1108.6 1092.4 1080.52 1061.17 0.8650 0.8228 0.8181 0.8127 0.6140 0.5571 0.5110 0.4889
0.1324 1120.9 1105.9 1093.32 1074.63 0.9083 0.8471 0.8418 0.8358 0.6692 0.6073 0.5481 0.5275
0.1919 1135.3 1119.9 1107.53 1089.20 0.9502 0.8704 0.8650 0.8583 0.7239 0.6617 0.5940 0.5709
0.2626 1151.1 1135.6 1123.13 1105.43 0.9900 0.8929 0.8870 0.8795 0.7796 0.7190 0.6411 0.6181
0.3482 1168.2 1152.2 1139.68 1123.34 1.0281 0.9138 0.9075 0.8994 0.8383 0.7726 0.6940 0.6681
0.4539 1188.9 1172.8 1159.75 1143.01 1.0621 0.9340 0.9273 0.9184 0.9019 0.8251 0.7420 0.7200
0.5876 1215.6 1199.7 1186.15 1169.69 1.0914 0.9543 0.9470 0.9373 0.9704 0.8791 0.7928 0.7668
0.7622 1251.6 1235.7 1221.24 1204.98 1.1131 0.9750 0.9670 0.9562 1.0480 0.9416 0.8540 0.8083
1.0000 1303.0 1286.1 1270.00 1253.00 1.1298 0.9960 0.9870 0.9750 1.1391 1.0192 0.9250 0.8443
System II : Ethanol + Ethylacetoactate
X 303K 308K 313K 318K 303K 308K 313K 318K 303K 308K 313K 318K
0.0000 1132.1 1116.2 1098.5 1080.8 0.7806 0.7763 0.7718 0.7676 0.9856 0.8970 0.8299 0.7670
0.0539 1141.9 1142.0 1144.6 1132.0 0.8199 0.8073 0.8037 0.7998 1.0025 0.9090 0.8389 0.7750
0.1135 1152.7 1153.0 1172.0 1160.9 0.8587 0.8370 0.8334 0.8285 1.0189 0.9222 0.8530 0.7839
0.1180 1164.8 1169.0 1194.4 1181.0 0.8978 0.8653 0.8610 0.8567 1.0366 0.9366 0.8643 0.7951
0.2546 1178.1 1184.0 1212.8 1197.4 0.9373 0.8932 0.8871 0.8826 1.0540 0.9531 0.8783 0.8072
0.3387 1193.2 1195.0 1225.0 1209.9 0.9769 0.9192 0.9124 0.9067 1.0692 0.9685 0.8911 0.8208
0.4345 1210.3 1211.0 1236.0 1220.0 1.0157 0.9424 0.9360 0.9297 1.0816 0,9761 0,8964 0.8243
0.5445 1229.4 1235.0 1245.1 1231.0 1.0522 0.9630 0.9577 0.9499 1.0936 0.9843 0.9020 0.8276
0.6720 1250.4 1255.0 1252.0 1238.7 1.0828 0.9785 0.9720 0.9629 1.1076 0.9949 0.9075 0.8313
0.8218 1274.6 1267.0 1260.8 1247.3 1.1082 0.9902 0.9819 0.9719 1.1230 1.0058 0.9156 0.8373
1.0000 1303.0 1286.0 1270.0 1253.0 1.1298 0.9960 0.9870 0.9750 1.1391 1.0192 0.9250 0.8443

10 | P a ge