National Conference

139 Pages·2015·9.66 MB·English

th
Preface to the 6 National Conference

The Department of Engineering Sciences, MIT Academy of Engineering, Alandi, Pune has organized
the 6th National Conference on ‘Multidisciplinary Research in Science and Engineering (NCMRSE-
2015)’ on 5th-6th June, 2015. From the excellent response that the earlier Conferences received and
the enthusiasm shown by the participants, we are encouraged to make it a regular feature and hold it
periodically.
Engineering and Applied Sciences are not only scientifically rich subjects; they also possess
extensive range of applications in many other fields such as: Engineering, Industry, Medical Sciences,
Ecology, Economics and Finance, Military Applications, Technology, and many others. It is almost
impossible to conceive of a quantitative discipline in which Engineering sciences do not play a
fundamental role.
As our duty to be well positioned to steer our students toward improving their education and learning,
this conference aims to advance the Applied Sciences through presentation of original
multidisciplinary research articles in almost all disciplines of Engineering. The main objective of this
conference is to provide impetus and motivation for further research work and directions for
multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research. We aim at bringing together academicians,
researchers and people using multidisciplinary sciences in industry and elsewhere, to share their
knowledge and exchange views and ideas. This will facilitate to discuss future prospects in the field of
engineering applications. The general objective is to create awareness among the teachers about the
beauty of various real life and Industrial applications of engineering & applied Sciences.
We are happy to present the ‘Proceedings of NCMRSE-2015’, bearing ISBN: 978-93-84648-83-1. Out
of total 68 research articles received, this proceeding contains 16 selected, modified, reviewed and
edited research articles presented at the Conference. All selected articles have been checked for
plagiarism. We are happy to communicate that total 70 participants have participated comprising of 54
oral presentation which also includes eight international participants and one visually impaired
participant.
We are thankful to all the participants, chairmen of the sessions and invited speakers for their
contributions. Our thanks are also due to session referees who have evaluated and selected papers
in two categories for best paper award.
We also gratefully acknowledge the contributions from all those who participated in various ways
directly or indirectly to make this Conference a great success.
My special thanks to our Executive Director Dr. Sunil Karad and Principal, Dr. Y. J. Bhalerao for their
wholehearted support and continuous encouragement for promoting & strengthening interdisciplinary
research at MIT AOE.

On behalf of the organizing committee,

Dr. S. M. Khairnar
Convener
NCMRSE-2015
2015

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6th National Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Science and
Engineering (NCMRSE)-2015, 5th-6th June, 2015
Organised by:
MIT Academy of Engineering,
Alandi (D), Pune-412105

© Copyright Reserved
2015
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, in a
retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, reordering or otherwise, without the prior permission
of the publisher.

ISBN: 978-93-84648-83-1
CONTENTS

S.No. Author(s) Title of research paper Page nos.
1 B. Patidar, M. M. Hussain, A. Analytical And Numerical Validation Of Coil 1-11
P. Tiwari And Work Piece Parameters In Induction
Heating Process
2 V.A.Tarange, A.M.Kotha, P Glycidyl Methacrylate-Divinyl Benzene 12-20
R Thakur Polymeric Adsorbents For Removal Of O-
Cresol From Aqueous Solution
3 Mrs. Sarika Dinesh Patil, Selective Harmonic Reduction Technique For 21-31
Sumant G Kadwane A Multilevel Inverter Using Optimization
Approach
4 V.S. Jagadale, Prof. Dr. P.G. Optimisation Of Stockyard Layout In Concrete 32-36
Gaikwad Product Industry
5 Andhare Vipul, Mahajan A Survey On Link Prediction Using Temporal 37-46
Prathamesh, Panzade Amol, Approach
Joshi Apurv
6 Dhananjay Bhole Issues Of Persons With Disabilities And 47-50
Accessibility Standards Implementation
7 Ishwar Khuspe, Dr. M. V. Cost Effective Street Lights Monitoring 51-62
Bhatkar System (Cesmos)
8 Priya Francis, S.V. Ghaisas Li Intercalation Process In 63-70
Si h /Monovacancy Graphene Monolayer
10 15
Composite - Implications Towards Li-Ion
Batteries
9 Sonawane D. S., Hiwarekar Honey Bees Have Geometrical Sense: A 71-77
A. P., Dhanorkar G. A. Mathematical Approach
10 Saikat Ghosh, Dr. Amaresh Impact Of Quality Management On 78-89
Kumar Macroeconomic Variables
11 Sanket Garade, Prof. Dr. Design And Development Of Computer 90-96
Rajiv B. Controlled Electro-Mechanical Mount For
Maneuvering An Astronomical Telescope
12 Selva Hepshibha, Dr. P.P. GaN Scintillator Detector Characterization 97-104
Vaidya Simulation Geant4 Software And Voltage Pre-
Amplifier Simulation
13 S. D. Katore, R. S. Rane, S. Proper Homothetic Vector Field For Maximal 105-107
S. Dabhane Symmetric Transverse Spaces
14 P.V. Bhamare, Dr. Rajiv B, Poka-Yoke Auto Checking System For B- 108-117
Mr. B. N. Sadavarte Pillar Assembly Component
15 Aatray Kumar Singh Proteo: A New Approach To Network-On-Chip 118-127
16 Abhijit B. Dalvi FinFET Technology: A Review 128-133
Proceedings of 6th National Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Science & Engineering, MIT AOE
Alandi, Pune, 5-6 June 2015 ,pp. 1-11, ISBN: 978-93-84648-83-1

ANALYTICAL AND NUMERICAL VALIDATION OF COIL
AND WORK PIECE PARAMETERS IN INDUCTION
HEATING PROCESS

B. PATIDAR1, M. M. HUSSAIN1, A. P. TIWARI2
1Atomic Fuels Division
2Reactor Control Division
Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai

Abstract

In this paper, induction coil and work piece parameters are calculated by analytical and numerical methods
at different frequency. In analytical method, induction coil and workpiece are represented by using series
equivalent circuit (SEC). In analytical formulation, Nagaoka factors are used to accurately predict the coil
equivalent impedance and work piece power. Workpiece resistance and reactance are calculated by using
Bessel’s functions. In numerical method, magnetic vector potential formulation and finite element method are
used to calculate the magnetic field and other parameters related to induction coil and workpiece.
Analytically and numerically calculated parameters are compared and found that they are in good
agreement. This analysis can be applied for design and optimization of induction coil for forging and melting
applications.

Key Words: induction heating, FEM, coil design
1. INTRODUCTION
Induction heating is based on faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction. It is widely utilized in
industries for heating, melting, forging, welding, hardening etc, because of its good efficiency and
cleanliness [1], [2]. Induction heating is multiphysics process and it involves electromagnetic, heat
transfer and fluid dynamics. All the physics are tightly coupled with each other, which makes
difficult to design the induction coil for specific application. Induction coil design involves selection
and optimization of various parameters like coil diameter, coil tube diameter, no of turn, coil pitch,
coil current, frequency etc.
Induction coil design and optimization can be done either by analytical method or numerical
method [3]. In analytical method, induction coil resistance and reactance are calculated by
empirical formulas and work piece resistance and reactance are calculated by solving field

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2 B.Patidar, M.M. Hussain, A.P.Tiwari

equation using series solution method. Nagaoka correction factors are used to accurately calculate
workpiece power and magnetic field produced by the induction coil [4].
In numerical method, magnetic vector potential formulation is used to calculate the magnetic
field surrounding the induction coil. It requires less computation compared to magnetic field
formulation [5]. Magnetic vector potential equations are solved by using finite element method
(FEM). FEM solution is used to calculate the coil and workpiece parameters.
This paper is subdivided into following sections, section 1.1, gives brief introduction to induction
heating process. Section 1.2, describes the analytical formulation used for calculation of
induction coil and work piece parameters. Section 1.3, gives the numerical method details and
procedure used for calculation of work piece and coil parameters. Section 2, gives the
comparison and analysis of analytical and numerical results. Conclusion of the analysis is given
in section 3.
1.1. Induction heating process
In induction heating process, induction coil carries high frequency current and produces time
varying magnetic field. This time varying magnetic field generates eddy current in the
conducting object (workpiece) placed near to the coil as shown in the figure (1). Eddy current
heats the workpiece by joules effect. In most of the induction heating process, work piece
placed inside the induction coil, because of high magnetic flux density.
Refractory
Copper Induction Coil Sc Rc R'w
III
Graphite Billet dclwlc V CCC Xg
L
Xc X'w
z
Dw
Dc
r

Figure 1(a) 2-D geometry of induction coil and workpiece. 1(b). Series equivalent circuit of
Coil and workpiece
1.2. Analytical formulation
Induction heating process can be analyzed by series equivalent circuit (SEC) or transformer
equivalent circuit (TEC) [6]. In this paper, SEC technique is used. SEC analysis is based on
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Analytical and Numerical Validation of Coil and Work-Piece Parameters in Induction 3
Heating Process

magnetic flux division between induction coil, air gap and workpiece. Based on magnetic flux
division, there are three reactance’s i.e. coil reactance, air gap reactance and workpiece reactance
[7]. Series equivalent circuit of induction heating process is shown in the figure 1(b).SEC
parameters are calculated by using following analytical formulas [4],
Coil resistance (1)
Space factor (2)
Here,
ρ=Resistivity of coil material (Ω-m)
k= Space factor
r
N = No of turn
c
= Skin depth (m) in coil
= Coil inner diameter (m)
l = coil length(m)
c
=Inter turn air gap (m)

Coil reactance X =R , for (δ <0.5t ) (3)
C C c c
Here,
t =Coil tube thickness(m)
c
Air gap reactance
Air gap reactance is most dominating reactance in induction heating process, and that
is minimized by reducing air gap between workpiece and induction coil. Air gap reactance
is calculated by Eq (4),

(4.1)
(4.2)
(4.3)
Here,
d = work piece diameter(m)
w
µ = Air permeability(4πx10-7 H/m)
0
k *= frequency dependent correction factor
n
k = Short coil correction factor
n
= Skin depth (m) in workpiece

Workpiece resistance and reactance
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4 B.Patidar, M.M. Hussain, A.P.Tiwari

Workpiece resistance and reactance are calculated by using Bessel functions that gives
more accurate results compared to standard formulas. Workpiece resistance and reactance
are calculated by using following formulas,
Work piece resistance (5.1)
Work piece inductive reactance (5.2)
(6.1)
(6.2)
(6.3)
Here,
=dimensionless reference depth
Correction factor accounting for the average phase shift between
current and voltage in the work piece
ber, ber’, bei, bei’= real and imaginary parts of zero order modified Kelvin Bessel
functions and their derivatives.
Combination of eq (1), (3), (4.1), (5.1), (5.2) gives the equivalent circuit impedance,
(7)
Voltage across induction coil
(8)
Here,
I = coil current (A)
c
Power loss in induction coil helps to find out the cooling requirements to maintain coil
temperature below 303 Deg K. It is calculated by
eq (9),
(9)
Power induced in the workpiece is calculated by using eq (10),
(10)

1.3. Finite Element formulation of Electromagnetic Field

Electromagnetic field produced by induction coil can be represented by maxwell equations
[8]. Maxwell equations are combination of four laws i.e gauss law, gauss magnetism law,
faraday law of induction, and ampere law as shown below,
(11.1)
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Analytical and Numerical Validation of Coil and Work-Piece Parameters in Induction 5
Heating Process

(11.2)
(11.3)
(11.4)
Here, H:- Magnetic field strength (A/m)
E: - Electric field strength (V/m)
σ: - Electrical conductivity (S/m)
J= Current density (A/m2)
Induced current density is much higher than displacement current density, therefore,
displacement current density is neglected [1].
Magnetic vector potential is defined as,
(12)
Using eq(11.3),(11.4) & vector identity, magnetic vector potential of different domain of the
figure (2) can be written as,
Ω1, Ω4 (13.1)
Ω2 (13.2)
Ω3 (13.3)

Figure 2, 2D axisymmetric geometry of induction coil and workpiece

For 2D axisymmetric geometry and in cylindrical coordinate, eq (13.1) can be written as,
(14)
Here,
θ, z,r= Cylindrical coordinate
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