national action plan national action plan for food and nutrition for food and nutrition 2006

94 Pages·2008·1.64 MB·English

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IIIISSSSBBBBNNNN 999977778888----999977779999----3333777766664444----22227777----6666
NATIONAL ACTION PLAN
FOR FOOD AND NUTRITION 2006 - 2010

GENERAL OBJECTIVE
To Improve the health status of the community to serve as the basis for achieving
healthy, intelligent and productive life through strengthening national and regional
food and nutrition resilience by 2010.

NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING AGENCY

SPECIAL OBJECTIVE
1. Increase knowledge, attitude and healthy life style
2. Increase the accessibility of the people and individual to food as reflected by
food availability, safety, equity and affordability
3. Increase the accessibility to equitable, affordable and quality health and
nutrition services
4. Increase the accessibility of the family to health and nutrition information
5. Support the poverty alleviation policy and efforts through improvement of
nutrition services for the poor.
6. Improve food safety through producer participations, as well as effective and
efficient supervision.

STRATEGIC ISSUES
National Action Plan for Food and Nutrition 2006 – 2010 addresses 4 main
issues i.e. food accessibility, nutritional status, food security, healthy life style,
and institutionalization

TARGETS
1. Reduce prevalence of malnutrition (energy-protein, iron, vitamin A, and iodine
deficiency) by 2010
2. Increase food consumption of energy to 2.000 kcal and protein to 53 gram per
capita per day.
3. Reduce food vulnerability by improving distribution system to enable access
to food, including fortified food
4. Maintain availability of energy at 2.200 kcal and protein at 57 grams per day
5. Improve coverage and quality of nutrition services to vulnerable groups
(infants, pregnant mothers, women at reproductive age, female young adult)
6. Improve family knowledge
7. Improve food safety and quality hygiene

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CCCChhhhaaaaiiiirrrrmmmmaaaannnn ooooffff tttthhhheeee NNNNaaaattttiiiioooonnnnaaaallll DDDDeeeevvvveeeellllooooppppmmmmeeeennnntttt PPPPllllaaaannnnnnnniiiinnnngggg BBBBooooaaaarrrrdddd
Vulnerable in the supply of food and nutrition is still one of the great problems of this
nation. The problem of nutrition begins from the incapability of the household to access food,
because of its availability in the local level, poverty, education and knowledge of food and nutrition,
as well as the behavior of the people. Micro malnutrition like for Vitamin A, iron and iodine has
added to the problem of nutrition in Indonesia. Therefore the problem of food and nutrition is a
problem of every sector and is a responsibility of both the government and the people. Thus, the
policy and steps to overcome it also must be formulized and implemented together.
The Law No. 17 Year 2007 regarding the Year 2005-2025 National Long Term
Development Planning has stressed that “The development and improvement of nutrition shall be
conducted in a cross sector manner consisting of production, processing, distribution, until
consumption of food having sufficient nutrition content, balanced, and its safety assured”.
Preparation of this Food and Nutrition Action Plan, prepared based on four food and nutrition
development pillars, which are : access to food supported by availability and affordability; food
security; nutrition status; and healthy living pattern, as an elaboration of a comprehensive
development of food and nutrition.
This action plan has been prepared as a guidance and directive in the implementation of
the development of food and nutrition in the central level, province and regency, government
institutions and authorities, the public and other actors moving in improvement of food and
nutrition in Indonesia. As a further follow up, this document needs to be translated in an action
plan for food and nutrition in every jurisdiction. The steps that have been formulated must not
remain as documents only, therefore the formulation of the action plan for food and nutrition need
to be translated into real and actual steps in the development of food and nutrition in every
province and regency. Furthermore, it needs also coordination, periodical monitoring and
evaluation so that the implementation of the action plan could really be applied and reach its goal
as well as bringing progress that could be reached.
For this, let us make use of the Action Plan for Food and Nutrition 2006-2010, together we
will overcome the nutrition problem in Indonesia so that we are able to develop a healthy, smart,
and independent generation.
Finally a word of thanks I would like to say to representatives from the Department of
Health, Department of Agriculture, The Agency for Supervision of Food and Drugs, Department for
the National Education, experts from the Bogor Institute of Agriculture, University of Indonesia and
University of Hasanudin, the Profession Association for Nutritionists of Indonesia (Persagi) and the
Association of Nutrition and Food of Indonesia as well as various non government organizations
that have given their thoughts and hard work in preparation of this document.

Jakarta, Juni 2007
State Minister for the National Development Planning/
The National Development Planning Board

H. Paskah Suzeta

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AGB = Anemia Gizi Besi = Iron Nutrition Anemia
ASI = Air Susu Ibu = Breast Feeding Milk
BBLR = Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah = Low Weight of New Born
BLT = Bantuan Langsung Tunai = Direct Cash Aid
CPMB = Cara Produksi Makanan Yang Baik = Well Produced Food Method
CDPB = Cara Distribusi Pangan Yang Baik =Well Distributed Food Method
EYU = Eksresi Yodium Urine = Urine Iodine Excretion
FDA =Food Drug Administration
GAKY =Gangguan Akibat Kurang Yodium = Disorders due to lack of Iodine
GKP = Gabah Kering Panen = Harvested Rice with husk
HDPP =Harga Dasar Pembelian Pemerintah = Basic Government Purchase Price
HDR = Human Development Report
HPP = Harga Pembelian Pemerintah = Government Purchase Price
IMT = Indeks Massa Tubuh = Body Mass Index
IPM = Indeks Pembangunan Manusia = Human Development Index
IFPRI = International Food Policy Research Institute
ISPA = Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Atas = Upper Respiratory Infection
KEK = Kurang Energi Kronik = Chronic Lack of Energy
KLB = Kejadian Luar Biasa = Extraordinary incident
KMS = Kartu Menuju Sehat = Health Progress Card
KUB = Kelompok Usaha Bersama = Joint Business Group
KVA = Kurang Vitamin A = Lack of Vitamin A
LILA = Lingkar Lengan Atas = Upper Arm Circumference
LSM = Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat = Non Government Organization
MDGs = Millenium Development Goals
MP-ASI = Makanan Pendamping Air Susu Ibu = Breast Milk Food Supplement
PAUD = Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini = Early Childhood Education
PDB = Produk Domestik Bruto = Gross Domestic Product
PPH = Pola Pangan Harapan = Food Expectancy Pattern
RANPG = Rencana Aksi Nasional Pangan dan Gizi
= National Action Plan for Food and Nutrition
RPJMN = Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional
= National Medium Term Development Plan
RPJPN = Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Panjang Nasional
= National Long Term Development Plan
RPJMD = Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah
= Regional Medium Term Development Plan
SDM = Sumberdaya Manusia = Human Resources
SDKI = Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia
= Demography and Health Survey in Indonesia
SKIA = Survei Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak = Mother and Child Health Survey
SKPG = Sistem Kewaspadaan Pangan dan Gizi
= Food and Nutrition Awareness System
SKRT = Survei Kesehatan Rumah Tangga = Household Health Survey
SUVITAL = Sumber Vitamin A Alami = Natural Vitamin A Source
Susenas = Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional = National Social Economic Survey
TBC = Tuberculosis
TGR = Total Goiter Rate
UPGK = Upaya Perbaikan Gizi Keluarga
= Family Nutrition Improvement Effort
WUS = Wanita Usia Subur = Fertile Age Women
WNPG = Widyakarya Nasional Pangan dan Gizi
` = National Workshop on Food and Nutrition

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LLLLIIIISSSSTTTT OOOOFFFF TTTTEEEERRRRMMMMIIIINNNNOOOOLLLLOOOOGGGGYYYY

AAAAnnnnaaaaeeeemmmmiiiiaaaa Low content of haemoglobin in the blood, 50 percent incident
of anaemia caused by lack of iron
BBBBBBBBLLLLRRRR Newborn weighing less than 2500 grams
FFFFoooooooodddd DDDDiiiivvvveeeerrrrssssiiiiffffiiiiccccaaaattttiiiioooonnnn Food variety or Diversification of food are efforts to increase
consumption of a variety of food with the principle of balanced
nutrition.
LLLLaaaacccckkkk ooooffff NNNNuuuuttttrrrriiiittttiiiioooonnnn Disorders due to lack or imbalanced nutrition needed for
growth. The indicator used for measuring lack of nutrition of
children is based on the height of the body according to age,
the weight according to the age and the weight according to
the height, for adults this is based on IMT.
EEEExxxxcccceeeessssssssiiiivvvveeee NNNNuuuuttttrrrriiiittttiiiioooonnnn Excessive body weight compared to the height, for adults it is
measured based on IMT. For children, measurement is based
on the the body weight per height using the z-score
international reference.
IIIIMMMMTTTT Body Mass Index, which is the body weight in kilograms
divided by the height in square meters (kg/m2)
FFFFoooooooodddd SSSSeeeeccccuuuurrrriiiittttyyyy Condition and efforts needed to prevent food from the
possibility of biological, chemical and other articles of
contaminants that could disturb, create loss and endanger
human health.
FFFFoooooooodddd RRRReeeessssiiiilllliiiieeeennnncccceeee A condition in fulfillment of food for households, reflected by
the availability of sufficient food, in amount as well as in quality,
evenly distributed and affordable.
EEEEnnnneeeerrrrggggyyyy CCCCoooonnnnssssuuuummmmppppttttiiiioooonnnn The amount of energy from food consumed by the people
stated in kilo callory units (Kkal).
FFFFoooooooodddd CCCCoooonnnnssssuuuummmmppppttttiiiioooonnnn The amount of food and drink consumed by the citizen/person
measured in gram per capita per day units.
PPPPrrrrooootttteeeeiiiinnnn CCCCoooonnnnssssuuuummmmppppttttiiiioooonnnn The amount of protein from food, livestock or vegetation
(plants) consumed, stated in gram per capita per day units.
MMMMaaaallllnnnnuuuuttttrrrriiiittttiiiioooonnnn Consists of macro and micro malnutrition. Macro malnutrition
was before mentioned as lack of protein callories (KKP or
KEP). Now KKP is no longer used and replaced by lack of
nutrition (z score BB/U <- 2 SD) and bad malnutrition (z score
BB/U <-3 SD) therefore lack of nutrition pairs with bad
malnutrition, no longer mentioned as KKP or KEP because it is
not only due to lack of callories and proteins but also lack of
micro nutrients.
BBBBaaaallllaaaannnncccceeeedddd NNNNuuuuttttrrrriiiittttiiiioooonnnn The recommendation of food sufficient in the need of nutrition
by a person in order to live healthy, to be intelligent and
productive, based on the Balanced Nutrition General Guidance.

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AAAAddddeeeeqqqquuuuaaaatttteeee NNNNuuuuttttrrrriiiittttiiiioooonnnn LLLLeeeevvvveeeellll The amount of nutrition/energy needed by someone in a
population to live healthy.
FFFFoooooooodddd Segala sesuatu yang berasal dari sumber hayati dan air, baik
yang diolah maupun tidak diolah, yang diperuntukkan sebagai
makanan dan minuman bagi konsumsi manusia termasuk
bahan tambahan pangan, bahan baku pangan, dan bahan lain
yang digunakan dalam proses penyiapan, pengolahan dari
atau pembuatan makanan dan minuman.
SSSSttttaaaapppplllleeee FFFFoooooooodddd Pangan sumber karbohidrat yang sering dikonsumsi atau
dikonsumsi secara teratur sebagai makanan utama, selingan,
sebagai sarapan atau sebagai makanan pembuka atau
penutup.
FFFFoooooooodddd CCCCoooonnnnssssuuuummmmppppttttiiiioooonnnn PPPPaaaatttttttteeeerrrrnnnn The foods that are usually consumed consisting of the type
and amount of food consumed/eaten by someone or group of
people in a certain frequency and period of time.
FFFFoooooooodddd EEEExxxxppppeeeeccccttttaaaattttiiiioooonnnn PPPPaaaatttttttteeeerrrrnnnn The amount of food according to the 9 food groups based
on the energy contribution fulfilling the need of nutrition
quantitatively, qualitatively as well as the variety, with
considerations to the social aspect, economy, culture, religion
and the taste itself.
SSSSttttuuuunnnnttttiiiinnnngggg Failure to attain optimal growth, measured based on TB/U
(body height according to age)
WWWWaaaassssttttiiiinnnngggg Failur to attain optimal growth, measured based on BB/U (body
weight according to age)
XXXXeeeerrrroooopppphhhhtttthhhhaaaallllmmmmiiiiaaaa Disorders due to lack of vitamin A in the eyes causing
abnormality to the eye ball anatomy and disturbances to the
retina functions causing further blindness

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PREFACE i
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ii
LIST OF TERMINOLOGY iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
LIST OF TABLES vi
LIST OF DRAWINGS vii

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A. BACKGROUND 1
B. OBJECTIVE OF PREPARATION 2
C. SCOPE 3
D. PREPARATION PROCESS 4
E. USER 4

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A. FOOD AND NUTRITION TO DETERMINE THE QUALITY OF HUMAN RESOURCES
B. INVESTMENT OF FOOD AND NUTRITION IN DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN
RESOURCES 6
C. CAUSES OF FOOD AND NUTRITION PROBLEMS 9
D. MIND SET OF FOOD AND NUTRITION RESILIENCE 13
E. REVIEW STRATEGIES IN SHORT AND LONG TERM NUTRITION IMPROVEMENT 15

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A. PUBLIC NUTRITION STATUS 17
B. FOOD CONSUMPTION 21
C. ACCESS OF HOUSEHOLDS TO FOOD 26
D. FOOD SECURITY 34
E. HEALTHY LIVING PATTERN AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY 43

IIIIVVVV.... AAAACCCCTTTTIIIIOOOONNNN PPPPLLLLAAAANNNN 51
A. STRATEGIC ISSUES 51
B. OBJECTIVES 54
C. TARGETS 54
D. POLICY 56
E. STRATEGY 58

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LIST OF REFERENCES 77
ATTACHMENTS 79

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1. Cost per unit and Economic Benefit of various Nutrition Programs 8
2. Prevalence of Stunting of children under five years of age < -2SD 18
3. Total Goitre Rate (TGR) based on Survey in 1996/1998 and 2003 19
4. Carbohydrate Source Food Consumption 22
5. Protein Source Food Consumption 22
6. Fat and Vitamin/Mineral Source Food Consumption 23
7. Consumption Pattern of Staple Food According to territory and Producer Groups 24
8. Development in Consumption of Energy and Protein according to territory 25
9. Development in quality of consumption of Food based on PPH 26
10. Comparison of consumption of Recommended Food and Actual in the year 1999-2005 26
11. Spread of Production of Staple Food According to Island Territory 27
12. Development in Production of Food Grain Per Capita 27
13. Development in Meat Production 28
14. Development in Egg Production 28
15. Number of Food Vulnerable Population According to Province 30
16. Volume of Rice and number of Target Families of the Rice Program for the Poor 33
17. Results of Examination of Medium and Above Industry Production Means 35
18. Results of Examination of Household Food Industry Production Means 36
19. Issuance of Registration Number of Medium and Large Scale Food Products 37
20. Results of examination of circulated food products 37
21. Percentage of violation in Food Products 38
22. Percentage of results in supervision of food snacks for school children 38
23. Number of violations in Various Criteriae not Fulfilling Requirements 39
24. Data of Findings of Dangerous Substances in Food Products 39
25. Findings of Formaldehyde in Food Products 40
26. Results of Monitoring of Wet Noodle Products, Soy Bean Curd and Fish in Six Provinces 40
27. Number of Cases of Poisoning in the Year 2001 – 2005 42
28. Percentage of Population Above 15 Years of Age that Smoke
Within the Last Month Per Province According to Territory in the Year 2004 50

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1. Mind Set of the Causes of Nutrition Problems of children Under Five Years of Age 10
2. The Linking of Poverty and Nutrition Status 12
3. Framework System for Resilience in Food and Nutrition 14
4. Anaemia Prevalence in children under five years of age (SKRT 2001) 19
5. Proportion of WUS with the Risk of KEK (LILA <23.5 cm) 20
6. Number of rejection of food import cases of Indonesia by the FDA 41
7. Prevalence of Degenerative Disease Patients in the Year 2001 and 2004 43
8. Prevalence of Excessive Nutrition in Adult women (villages, NSS-HKI 1999-2001) 45
9. Activity level of the population above 15 years of age (2004) 48
10. Percentage of the population aged 10 years old and above that Smoke during the
Last Month (For 2005: 15 Years old and Above) 49

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FIGURE 1 TRANSLATION (RANPG WORD ISI BUKU)

BAHASA INDONESIA ENGLISH
1. Status Gizi Anak Child Nutrition Status
2. Konsumsi Makanan Food Consumption
3. Status Infeksi Infection Status
4. Ketersediaan & Pola Konsumsi Availability & Consumption Pattern of the
Rumah Tangga Household
5. Pola Asuh –Pemberian ASI/MP- Rearing/CarePattern-Giving of Breast
ASI,Pola Asuh Psikososial, Feeding Milk/Food Supplement,
Penyediaan MP-ASI, Kebersihan dan Psychosocial Rearing, Provisions of Food
Sanitasi Supplement to Breast feeding Milk,
Hygiene and Sanitation
6. Pelayanan Kesehatan dan Kesehatan Health Services and Environmental Health
Lingkungan
7. Daya Beli, Akses Pangan, Akses Buying Power, Access to Food, Access ti
Informasi, Akses Pelayanan Information, Access to Services
8. Kemiskinan, Ketahanan Pangan & Poverty, Resilience in Food & Nutrition,
Gizi, Pendidikan, Kesehatan, Education, Health, Demography
Kependudukan
9. Pembangunan Ekonomi, Politik, Development in Economy, Politics, Social
Sosial
10. Hasil Outcome
11. Penyebab Langsung Direct Cause
12. Penyebab Tidak Langsung Indirect Cause
13. Akar Masalah Root of the Matter/Problem

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