NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) 20160005966: The U.S. Interagency Volcanic Hazards Sciences and Services Coordination Group

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by  NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

The U.S. Interagency Volcanic Hazards Sciences and
Services Coordination Group
John J. Murray
Associate Program Manager,
Atmospheric and Hydrological Disasters
Applied Sciences Program
Earth Science Division
Science Mission Directorate
NASA
Washington, DC USA
[email protected]
American Meteorological Society 95th Annual Meeting
January 5, 2014
1
Interagency Volcanic Hazards Sciences and Services Coordination Group
Terms Of Reference
• The group provides interagency expertise on volcanic ash science and services,
including, but not limited to, impact to aviation and will be co-chaired by members
from each participating agency.
• This working group has no explicit policy making function.
• The objective of this working group is to facilitate collaboration and exchange of
information on volcanic ash to ultimately improve the quality of hazard information
for each agency’s stakeholders and mitigate the impacts of volcanic ash.
• Current topics for collaboration and information sharing:
1. NASA/DOD/FAA/USGS/Industry Vehicle Integrated Propulsion Research (VIPR)
2. NOAA Automated Volcanic Ash Detection System
3. Increasing NASA Calipso Near-real time data availability and use
4. NASA/NOAA/USGS Suomi NPP Applications Transition to Operations
5. Rapid response proposals for volcanic ash
1/2/2015 2
Interagency Volcanic Hazards Sciences and Services Coordination Group
Participating Organizations
Interagency Volcanic Hazards Science/Services Coordination Group (IVHSCG)
Group Participants Organization Group Role
Cecilia Miner NOAA, Aviation Services Branch
Co-Chair
[email protected] NWS Volcanic Ash Program Manager
Charles Mandeville USGS, Program Coordinator
Co-Chair
[email protected] Volcano Hazards Program
John Murray Associate Program Manager for Disasters
Co-Chair
[email protected] NASA Applied Sciences Program
Charles Holliday AFWA 16WS/WXE)
[email protected] Chief, METSAT Applications
Barbara Stunder
NOAA OAR ARL
[email protected]
Jeff Osiensky NOAA NWS Alaska Region Volcanic Ash
[email protected] Program Manager
NOAA NESDIS Satellite Analysis Branch
Grace Swanson
Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center
[email protected]
(VAAC) Manager
NOAA NWS Alaska Aviation Weather Unit
Don Moore
Anchorage Volcanic Ash Advisory Center
[email protected]
Manager
Marianne Guffanti USGS Reston, volcanological rep to ICAO and
[email protected] USGS Ash Hazards Project Chief
Jamie Kibler
Washington VAAC Operations Manager
[email protected]
Larry Mastin USGS David A. Johnston Cascades Volcano
[email protected] Observatory
Tom Murray USGS
[email protected] Director, Volcano Science Center
Tina Neal USGS
[email protected] Alaska Volcano Observatory
Mike Pavolonis
[email protected] NOAA NESDIS
v
Dave Schneider USGS Research Geophysicist
[email protected] Alaska Volcano Observatory
Matt Strahan NOAA NWS/NCEP
[email protected] International Operations Chief
Renee Tatusko NOAA NWS
[email protected] International Activities Office
Bruce Entwistle NOAA NWS/NCEP
Interested Party
[email protected] Science and Operations Officer
1/2/2015 Clinton Wallace NOAA NWS/NCEP 3
Interested Party
[email protected] Deputy Director, Aviation Weather Center
Aircraft Engine Ingestion Testing
The NASA Vehicle Integrated
Propulsion Research (VIPR)
Project is the first effort that
may provide insight as to
modern jet aircraft engine
and related system impact
thresholds for time and
volume integrated exposure
to diffuse volcanic ash clouds
that my be encountered in
operation airspace systems
operations. Partners: NASA,
DOD, USGS, FAA, Industry.
Making Full Use of the Space-based Observing System
for Volcanic Cloud Monitoring
NOAA and MetOp AVHRR Terra and Aqua MODIS SNPP-VIIRS
O
E
L
GOES-13-15 MTSAT-(1r and 2) Met-(8,9,10) SEVIRI
O
E
G
NOAA Automated Volcanic Ash Detection and Characterization System
Earth Science Missions in
Operation
GPM
2001-2013
Landsat-8
Caliop - The CALIPSO lidar
- Operating since 2006
- Polar Orbit
- Equatorial Crossing-time
at 0130 and 1330 LET
- Total Backscatter at 532 nm (density)
- Repeat cycle of 16 days
- Depolarization at 532 nm (geometry)
- Color Ratio (1064/532) (composition, size)
- High vertical resolution (60 m) of backscatter profiles
- Optical parameters provide unique capability to detect
volcanic ash and its vertical structure
Calipso Data for Volcanic Ash
Color ratio
Backscatter
Volcanic clouds
Volcanic clouds
New Zealand
IR imager
34.5
Depolarization Swath
(km)
Volcanic clouds 34.5
- Multi laminar layers with low color ratio (0.5)
and high depolarization (0.3-0.4)
- Negative BT from IIR on board CALIPSO
Caliop Applications for Volcanic Ash
2013 JAMC paper studied the eruption of the Puyehue - Cordon Caulle

volcano in Chile which occurred in June 2011. The plume circumnavigated
the globe twice causing airspace impacts in the southern hemisphere
An new algorithm was developed by the NASA Langley Science Directorate

that uses the color ratio between 532 and 1064 nm to distinguish
backscatter areas containing ash from ice clouds
The algorithm used depolarization ratios between parallel & perpendicular

backscatter at 532 nm to distinguish ash from sulfate aerosol
The ash retrievals were then used to initialize the Langley Trajectory

model to better forecast the 3-D location of the ash plume
1/2/2015