NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) 20150009570: Advanced Ceramics Property Measurements

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by  NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Advanced Ceramics Property Measurements

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Jonathan Salem ; John Helfinstine ; George Quinn ; and Stephen Gonczy
1 2 3
. Mechanics and Life Prediction Branch, NASA GRC, Cleveland, OH; . Corning Inc Retiree & Consultant, Big Flats, NY; . American Dental Association Foundation, NIST,
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Gaithersburg, MD;. . Gateway Materials Technology, Inc., Mt. Prospect, IL
Introduction
C28 Advanced Ceramic Standards

Standardization:
Mechanical and physical properties of ceramic bodies
can be difficult to measure correctly unless the proper
Visit the C28 website ( http://www.astm.org/COMMIT/COMMITTEE/C28.htm ) to purchase C28 standards or join the C28 committee. Tangible Benefits
techniques are used. The Advanced Ceramics
Committee of ASTM, C-28, has developed dozens of Monolithics Composites, Coatings, Porous Ceramics
Comparisons Among Authors
consensus test standards and practices to measure
various properties of a ceramic monolith, composite,
And Helping to Interpret Data
C 1557
or coating. The standards give the “what, how, how C 1468
Filament
C 1161 Flexural strength CFCC Tensile
not, and why” for measurement of many mechanical, Tensile strength
The Problem:
C 1211 Flexural strength (High Temp) Trans thickness
and
C 1421 Fracture
physical, thermal, and performance properties.
C 1368 Slow Crack Growth (Dynamic Fatigue)
Elastic modulus Transparent Armor Ceramics as
Toughness
C 1465 Slow Crack Growth (High Temp)
Using these standards will provide accurate, reliable,
C 1275 CFCC Tensile strength
Spacecraft Windows*
C 1576 Slow Crack Growth (Stress Rupture)
and complete data for rigorous comparisons with C 1359 Tensile strength (Hi Temp) C 1358 CFCC
C 1684 Flexural strength (Rods)
C 1337 Creep, Creep Rupture
Compression
other test results from your test lab, or another. The
C 1360 Cyclic fatigue
C-28 Committee has involved academics, producers, ●
Standardized Fracture Toughness
and users of ceramics to write and continually update
C 1424 Tests (C1421) insure correct comparisons of
C 1322 Fractography
Compression
more than 45 standards since the committee’s
different authors’ results --
C 1678 Fracture Mirror
strength C 1341 CFCC Flexure strength
inception in 1986. Included in this poster is a C 1469 Joint C 1624 Coatings –
C 1674 Honeycomb Flex C 1292 CFCC Shear strength
strength Scratch Adhesion
pictogram of the C-28 standards and information on strength C 1425 Shear strength (HiTemp)
2.2
how to obtain individual copies with full details or the

NDE and Design
Powders
complete collection of standards in one volume. 5 2.0
.
C 1273 Tensile strength 0
m Mixed inter- transgranular
C 1366 Tensile strength (High T.) a {111}
C 1326 Knoop hardness σ P

C 1291 Creep, Creep Rupture g M
1.8
o -1/m
C 1361 Cyclic fatigue C 1327 Vickers hardness l ,
C 1212 Seeded voids s
s
e
C 1336 Seeded inclusions
log V n
E
h 1.6
For further information C 1239 Weibull C 1683 Weibull g Intergranular
C 1274 Particle size, BET u {110}
Scaling
o
C 1282 Particle size, Centrifugal Sed. T

e 1.4
r Stewart & Bradt
u
The C28 Committee and Standards for Ceramics C 1198 Elastic Modulus C 1331 Ultrasonic velocity ct Ghosh et al.
a
Schwantes & Elbur
C 1499 - continuous C 1470 C 1175 NDE Guide C 1332 Ultrasonic attenuation Fr 1.2
ASTM C28 Committee Page – Salem {100}
Biaxial strength C 1259 Elastic modulus Thermal Guide
Single Crystal
http://www.astm.org/COMMITEE/C28.htm - impulse
Stewart & Bradt
Terms, Workshops, Education
C 1494 C, N, O in silicon nitride 1.0

0 200 400 600 800 1000

Subcommittees
List of C28 Subcommittees and Links to Standards-
Grain Size, m
.01 Mech. Prop. + Reliability

http://www.astm.org/COMMIT/SUBCOMMIT/C28.htm .03 Physical Prop. + NDE
●
.04 Applications Standard sized circular disks could be
STP 1201 Life Prediction

.07 Ceramic Matrix Composites
STP 1309 Composites used to determine Poisson’s ratio and
.91 Terminology C 1145 Terminology
ASTM C28 Advanced Ceramic Standards by Subject-
C 1323 C-ring strength C 1495 Grinding C 1525 Thermal shock STP 1392 Composites
Young’s modulus via C1259 and biaxial
.94 ISO TAG
STP 1409 Fracture
http://www.astm.org/COMMIT/C28_StdsBySubject.doc
strength via C1499 as well as the slow crack
ASTM C28 standards are found in Vol. 15.01.
7-2010 growth parameters, n and A, via C1368.
Chart showing ASTM C28 Advanced Ceramic Standards- This allowed efficient understanding of the
http://www.astm.org/COMMIT/C28StandardsGraphic_20 behavior of the material.
12_StandardsChart.pdf

ASTM Standards for Advanced Ceramics, Whitewares,
Standardization: Tangible Benefits

Glass, and Ceramic Tile-
200
NIST, polished low expansion glass
http://www.astm.org/Standards/glass-and-ceramic- NIST, polished
F 1973: Standard Specification for High Purity Dense Yttria Tetragonal NASA, ground fused silica
150 GRC, ground
standards.html
a Soda-lime silicate
P
M
Zirconium Oxide Polycrystal (Y-TZP) for Surgical Implant Applications

, 100

f
90

, 80
h
ASTM Committee F-04, “The average flexural strength shall be 800 MPa or greater gt 70
Acknowledgments n
e 60
Surgical and Medical Devices by 4 point bending in accordance with ASTM C 1161” r
t
S
50

We thank the more than 90 industry, government, and the U.S. Food and Drug “The minimum elastic modulus shall be 200 GPa in e 45
r
u 40
t
c
and academic committee members from many Administration used generic accordance with C 1198 or C 1259” a 35
r
F 30
countries (~25% non-USA) who have volunteered C-28 Advanced Ceramics for “If Weibull modulus is tested, it shall be tested in accordance
25
many hours to develop these standards via work in their new standard with C 1239” Soda-lime silicate *J.A. Salem,
20
J.Am.Ceram.Soc.,
six technical and four administrative subcommittees. 10-5 10-4 10-3 10-2 10-1 100 101 102
96[1] 281-289 (2013)
.

Stress Rate, , MPa/s