Nanotechnology Applications in the Food Industry http://taylorandfrancis.com Nanotechnology Applications in the Food Industry Edited by V Ravishankar Rai Jamuna A. Bai CRCPress Taylor&FrancisGroup 6000BrokenSoundParkwayNW,Suite300 BocaRaton,FL33487-2742 ©2018byTaylor&FrancisGroup,LLC CRCPressisanimprintofTaylor&FrancisGroup,anInformabusiness NoclaimtooriginalU.S.Governmentworks Printedonacid-freepaper InternationalStandardBookNumber-13:978-1-4987-8483-2(Hardback) Thisbookcontainsinformationobtainedfromauthenticandhighlyregardedsources.Reasonableeffortshavebeenmadeto publishreliabledataandinformation,buttheauthorandpublishercannotassumeresponsibilityforthevalidityofallmaterialsor theconsequencesoftheiruse.Theauthorsandpublishershaveattemptedtotracethecopyrightholdersofallmaterialrepro- ducedinthispublicationandapologizetocopyrightholdersifpermissiontopublishinthisformhasnotbeenobtained.Ifany copyrightmaterialhasnotbeenacknowledgedpleasewriteandletusknowsowemayrectifyinanyfuturereprint. 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VisittheTaylor&FrancisWebsiteat http://www.taylorandfrancis.com andtheCRCPressWebsiteat http://www.crcpress.com Contents Preface..............................................................................................................................................ix Editors..............................................................................................................................................xi Contributors....................................................................................................................................xiii PartI Introduction to Nanotechnology in theFoodSector Chapter1 Development of Bio-Based Nanostructured Systems byElectrohydrodynamic Processes...............3 MariaJose Costa, Philippe Emmanuel Ramos, Pablo Fuciños,José AntónioTeixeira, LorenzoMiguel Pastrana, andMiguel ÂngeloCerqueira Chapter2 Carbon Nanomaterial-Based Fertilizers CanImprove Plant Growth..............................................21 GuixueSong,Madelyn Pandorf, Paul Westerhoff, and YunMa Chapter3 Nanomaterials in Food Applications................................................................................................45 AhmedS. Khan Chapter4 Market Potential of Food Nanotechnology Innovations..................................................................59 Rajesh P.Shastry and VRavishankar Rai PartII Nanotechnology in FoodPackaging Chapter5 Nanomaterials Applicable inFood Protection.................................................................................75 JosefJampílek and KatarínaKráľová Chapter6 Useof Nanopolymers, Nanocomposites, andNanostructured Coatings in Food Packaging..........97 SemihÖtleş and Buket YalçınŞahyar Chapter7 StarchNanocomposite Films for FoodPackaging.........................................................................107 Oswaldo Ochoa Yepes,Lucas Guz, Santiago Estevez Areco, RobertoCandal, SilviaGoyanes, andLucía Famá Chapter8 Electrospun Nanofibers: Development andPotential in Food Packaging Applications................141 Carlos A.Fuenmayor and Paula J.P.Espitia v VI CONTENTS PartIII Nanosensors for Safe andQuality Foods Chapter9 Nanosensorsin the Food Industry.................................................................................................183 Fabrizio Sarghini and Francesco Marra Chapter10 Applications of Aptamers to Nanobiosensors and Smart Packaging............................................203 LuisEduardo Suárez-Nájera, Stefany Cárdenas-Pérez, JoséJorge Chanona-Pérez, ArturoManzo-Robledo, Jaime Vargas-Cruz, Mayra Luna-Trujillo, Miriam Rodríguez-Esquivel, and Mauricio Salcedo-Vargas PartIV Nanotechnology for Nutrient Delivery in Foods Chapter11 Nanoemulsions Producedby Low-EnergyMethods: Fundamentals andFood Applications.......221 SamanthaC. Pinho,Cynthia deCarli, and Marilia Moraes-Lovison Chapter12 Application of Nanotechnology in the SafeDelivery of Bioactive Compounds..........................237 BehrouzGhorani, SaraNaji-Tabasi, Aram Bostan, and Bahareh Emadzadeh Chapter13 Electrospinning of Edible,Food-Based Polymers.........................................................................293 Serife Akkurt, Lin ShuLiu, andPeggy Tomasula Chapter14 Roleof Polymeric Nanoparticles in Nutraceutical Delivery..........................................................315 RubianaMara Mainardes and Najeh Maissar Khalil Chapter15 Nanoemulsions andNanodispersions: A Fundamental View of Their Preparation, Characterization, Stability Evaluation, and Application................................................................333 TaiBoonTan and Chin Ping Tan Chapter16 LipidNanocarriers for Phytochemical Delivery in Foods.............................................................357 BojanaD. Balanč,Kata T. Trifković,Radoslava N. Pravilović,Verica B. Đorđević, StevaM. Lević,BrankoM. Bugarski, andViktor A.Nedović CONTENTS VII Chapter17 Roleof Bioactive Compounds toImprove Nanomechanical Properties and Functionality of Polymeric Vehicles....................................................................................................................385 Alonso Villafán-Rangel, JuanEduardo René Cortés-Millán, Miriam Madrid-Mendoza, Israel Arzate-Vázquez, Monserrat Escamilla-García, Ollin Celeste Martínez-Ramírez, andAngélica Gabriel Mendoza-Madrigal Chapter18 MicroscopyTechniques for Structural Characterization, Evaluation of Nanomechanical Properties, and Biosensing of FoodSystems.................................................................................403 LuisEduardo Suárez-Nájera, Stefany Cárdenas-Pérez, JuanVicente Méndez-Méndez, JoséJorge Chanona-Pérez, AlejandraValdivia-Flores, Georgina Calderón-Domínguez, andRubén López-Santiago Chapter19 ChitosanMicro- and Nanoparticles for Vitamin Encapsulation....................................................427 PatriciaRosales-Martínez, Maribel Cornejo-Mazón, Izlia J.Arroyo-Maya, andHumberto Hernández-Sánchez Chapter20 Nanoparticle Nutrient Carriers.......................................................................................................441 Nily Dan Chapter21 Electrospinning andElectrospraying Technologies andTheir Potential Applications inthe Food Industry.......................................................................................................................461 AlexLópez-Córdoba, Clara Duca, JonathanCimadoro, and Silvia Goyanes PartV SafetyAssessment for Use of Nanomaterials in Foodand FoodProduction Chapter22 AdvancedApproachesforEfficacyEvaluationandRiskAssessmentofNanomaterialsinFood...483 Marco Roman,Catia Contado, Christian Micheletti, Iolanda Olivato, Erik Tedesco, andFederico Benetti Chapter23 Effect of Nanoparticles on Gastrointestinal Tract..........................................................................503 JamunaA. Baiand V RavishankarRai Chapter24 Regulatory Framework for Food Nanotechnology........................................................................517 KangkanaBanerjee and V RavishankarRai Index..............................................................................................................................................529 http://taylorandfrancis.com Preface NanotechnologyApplicationsintheFoodIndustryisacomprehensivereferencebookcontaining exhaustiveinformationonnanotechnologyandthescopeofitsapplicationsinthefoodindustry.The various sectors in the food industry where nanotechnology finds extensive application include the production, processing, packaging, and preservation offoods. Nanotechnology is also increasingly used to enhance flavor and color and in nutrient delivery and bioavailability and to improve food safety andin quality management. The book focuses onthe overview of nanotechnology development for food industries and the impactitishavingonthestateofscienceinthefoodindustry.Thebookhasfivesectionsdelvinginto all aspects and the key role of nanotechnology in the food industry in the present scenario and the future trends. Part I (Introduction to Nanotechnology in the Food Sector) covers the technological basis for its application in the food industry and in agriculture, the use of nanosized foods and nanomaterials in food, the safety issues pertaining to its applications in the foods, and on market analysisandconsumerperception offoodnanotechnology. PartII(Nanotechnology inFood Pack- aging) reviews the use of nanopolymers, nanocomposites, and nanostructured coatings in food packaging.Thepotentialofnanotechnologyinactivepackagingapplications,intelligentpackaging, andmultifunctional packaging for improving the safety andquality offoodsare discussed. Part III (NanosensorsforSafeandQualityFoods)providesanoverviewonnanotechnologyinthedevelop- mentof biosensors forpathogen andfood contaminant detection andin sampling andfoodquality management.Thechallengesandtrendsinnanosensordesignforfoodapplicationsarediscussed.Part IV(NanotechnologyforNutrientDeliveryinFoods)dealswiththeuseofnanotechnologyinfoodsfor controlledandeffectiverelease ofnutrients. Theuseofnanoparticles indeveloping, increasingthe functionalityandbioactivityofdietaryfoods,functionalfoods,andnutraceuticalsarecovered.PartV (SafetyAssessmentforUseofNanomaterialsinFoodandFoodProduction)deliberatesonthebenefits andrisksassociatedwiththeextensiveandlong-termapplicationofnanotechnologyinthefoodsector. The issues on nanoparticles and their residues in food during food production, migration of nanoparticles into foods during processing and packaging, behavior of nanoparticles in the gastro- intestinaltract,andsafetyandriskassessmentofnanomaterialsinthefoodarereviewed.Legaland ethical barriers for the application of nanotechnology in food industry, regulatory aspects of its applicationinfood,andfoodproductionandlabelingofnanoingredientsinfoodsareaddressed. Thebookisavaluablereference material discussing thebasicsandtrendsintheapplicationof nanotechnologyinthefoodindustry.Itisexhaustiveandcomprehensive,focusingonallaspectsof technological strategies in the nanofood segment. The book is beneficial for graduate students, researchers,scientistsworkingonapplicationaspectsofnanotechnologyandfoodindustryandfood policy makers. Wewouldliketothankalltheauthorsforcontributingthechaptersandsharingtheirexpertise. ix
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