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NANOSTRUCTURED SEMICONDUCTORS IN POROUS ALUMINA MATRICES Modeling, Synthesis, and Properties NANOSTRUCTURED SEMICONDUCTORS IN POROUS ALUMINA MATRICES Modeling, Synthesis, and Properties Rishat G. Valeev, PhD Alexander V. Vakhrushev, DSc Aleksey Yu. Fedotov, PhD Dmitrii I. Petukhov, PhD Editorial Board Members A. N. Beltiukov, A. L. Trigub, and A. V. Severyukhin Apple Academic Press Inc. Apple Academic Press Inc. 3333 Mistwell Crescent 1265 Goldenrod Circle NE Oakville, ON L6L 0A2 Palm Bay, Florida 32905 Canada USA USA © 2020 by Apple Academic Press, Inc. Exclusive worldwide distribution by CRC Press, a member of Taylor & Francis Group No claim to original U.S. Government works International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-77188-770-0 (Hardcover) International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-42939-814-8 (eBook) All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electric, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and re- cording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publish- er or its distributor, except in the case of brief excerpts or quotations for use in reviews or critical articles. This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission and sources are indicated. Copyright for individual articles remains with the authors as indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the authors, editors, and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors, editors, and the publisher have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged, please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Trademark Notice: Registered trademark of products or corporate names are used only for explanation and identification without intent to infringe. Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Title: Nanostructured semiconductors in porous alumina matrices : modeling, synthesis, and properties / Rishat G. Valeev, PhD, Alexander V. Vakhrushev, DSc, Aleksey Yu. Fedotov, PhD, Dmitrii I. Petukhov, PhD ; editorial board members, A.N. Beltiukov, A.L. Trigub, and A.V. Severyukhin. Names: Valeev, Rishat G., author. | Vakhrushev, Alexander V., author. | Fedotov, Aleksey Yu., author. | Petukhov, Dmitrii I., author. Description: Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: Canadiana (print) 20190113022 | Canadiana (ebook) 20190113227 | ISBN 9781771887700 (hardcover) | ISBN 9780429398148 (PDF) Subjects: LCSH: Nanostructured materials. | LCSH: Semiconductors. | LCSH: Aluminum oxide. | LCSH: Aluminum films. Classification: LCC TA418.9.N35 V35 2019 | DDC 621.3815/2—dc23 CIP data on file with US Library of C ongress Apple Academic Press also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic format. For information about Apple Academic Press products, visit our website at www.appleacademicpress.com and the CRC Press website at www.crcpress.com About the Authors Rishat G. Valeev, PhD, is a Senior Researcher in the Department of Physics and Chemistry of Surface of the Physical-Technical Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dr. Valeev has over 200 publications to his name, including chapters in monographs, articles, reports, reviews, and patents. He managed several scientific projects, including one funded by the Russian President, projects of the Russian Federal Programs, and projects of the Program of Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences. His research interests include light-emitting semiconductor nanostructures, EXAFS-spectroscopy, development of physical vapor deposition methods for evaporation of semiconductors and metals, application of porous alumina for synthesis of nanostructures, cathodic hydrogen production, and investigation of basic laws relating to the structure and macro characteristics of nanostructures. He is an expert of the Russian Science Foundation and is affiliated with the Journal of Structural Chemistry, Semiconductors Science and Technology, Materials Research Express, and others. Alexander V. Vakhrushev, DSc, is the Head of the Department of Mechanics of Nanostructures of the Institute of Mechanics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Head of the Department of Nanotechnology and Microsystems of Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University. Dr. Vakhrushev is a corresponding member of the Russian Engineering Academy. He has over 400 publications to his name, including monographs, articles, reports, reviews, and patents. He has received several awards, including an Academician A. F. Sidorov Prize from the Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences for significant contribution to the creation of the theoretical fundamentals of physical processes taking place in multi-level nanosystems and Honorable Scien- tist of the Udmurt Republic. He is currently a member of editorial board of several journals, including Computational Continuum Mechanics, Chemical Physics and Mesoscopia, and Nanobuild. His research interests include multiscale mathematical modeling of physical-chemical processes into the nano-hetero systems at nano-, micro-, and macro-levels; static and vi About the Editors dynamic interaction of nanoelements; and basic laws relating the structure and macro characteristics of nano-hetero structures. He has published several books, including Computational Multiscale Modeling of Multi- phase Nanosystems: Theory and Applications, Theoretical Foundations and Application of Photonic Crystals, and Nanomechanics. Aleksey Yu. Fedotov, PhD, is a Senior Researcher in the Department of Mechanics of Nanostructures of the Institute of Mechanics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and docent of the Depart- ment of Nanotechnology and Microsystems of Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University. Dr. Fedotov’s main area of scientific interest is the study of the processes of formation and interaction of nanoparticles and the study of the dependence of the properties of composite materials on the quantitative, dimensional, and structural parameters of inclusions. He has over 80 publications to his name, including monographs, articles, reports, reviews, and patents. He has received several awards, including an Academician A. F. Sidorov Prize from the Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences for the best work in applied mathematics on the topic “Creation of a software complex for multilevel mathematical modeling of physical and chemical processes in nanomaterials.” Dmitrii I. Petukhov, PhD, is a Researcher in the Department of Physics and Chemistry of Surface of the Physical-Technical Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dr. Beltiukov has about 100 publications to his name. His research interests include synthesis of semi- conductor nanostructures and nanocomposite systems such as nanowires, quantum dots, and nanocrystallites in an oxide matrix, investigation of their structure, morphology, optical characteristics, and electron structure. For our loved ones and relatives Contents Abbreviations .......................................................................................................xi Preface ...............................................................................................................xiii Introduction .........................................................................................................xv Acknowledgments ...............................................................................................xix Epilogue .............................................................................................................xxi 1. Brief Overview of the Literature on Nanostructural Electroluminescent Light Sources .............................................................1 2. Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide: Structure, Properties, and Application in Semiconductor Technology ......................................19 3. Vacuum-Thermal Deposition of Semiconductors ..................................37 4. Methods of Investigating Structure and Chemical Composition .........51 5. Methods of Optical Spectroscopy ............................................................73 6. Theoretical Models for Investigating The Processes of Nanofilm Deposition onto Porous Templates of Aluminum Oxide .......85 7. Synthesis of Electroluminescent Nanostructures of ZnS Doped by Cu and Mn Ions .............................................................141 8. Structure and Chemical Composition of Electroluminescent Nanocomposites ZnS:(Cu,Mn)@AAO ..................................................165 9. Optical Properties of Electroluminescent Nanostructures of Cu and Mn-Doped ZnS ..........................................................................191 10. Results of Modeling the Deposition Processes of Nanofilms onto Aluminum Oxide Templates ..........................................................205 Index .................................................................................................................247

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