Nanoscience Volume 2: Nanostructures through Chemistry 1 0 0 P F 3- 2 6 7 3 7 9 4 8 1 8 7 9 9/ 3 0 1 0. 1 oi: d g | or c. s s.r b u p p:// htt n o 3 1 0 2 er b m e c e D 1 . n 3 o d e h s bli u P View Online 1 0 0 P F 3- 2 6 7 3 7 9 4 8 1 8 7 9 9/ 3 0 1 0. 1 oi: d g | or c. s s.r b u p p:// htt n o 3 1 0 2 er b m e c e D 1 . n 3 o d e h s bli u P View Online A Specialist Periodical Report Nanoscience Volume 2: Nanostructures through 1 0 0 P 3-F Chemistry 2 6 7 3 7 9 4 8 1 78 A Review of Recent Literature 9 9/ 3 0 Editor 1 10. P.J. Thomas, Bangor University, UK oi: Paul O’Brien, , UK d g | c.or Authors s s.r Osman M.Bakr, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), b pu Saudi Arabia p:// Mrinmoyee Basu, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India n htt Cyrille Boyer, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia 3 o Serena A. Corr, University of Glasgow, UK 1 0 Alexander E. Dunn, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia 2 er Douglas J. Dunn, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia b m Ashok K. Ganguli, Institute of Nano Science andTechnology Habitat Centre, e c De Mohali, India . on 31 AVaplaerrnieaAG.aGngerualyrd,,InTdriinaintyInCsotiltleugteeoDfuTbelicnh,nIorelolagnyd, Delhi, India d e Yurii K. Gun’ko, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland h s bli G.U. Kulkarni, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, u P Bangalore, India Gonghu Li, University of New Hampshire, Durham, UK Jin Li, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, China May Lim, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia Xiaoheng Liu, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, China Michael E. Louis, University of New Hampshire, Durham, UK Mohammad Azad Malik, , UK Angela S. Pereira, University of Aveiro, Portugal B. Radha, Northwestern University, Evanston, U.S.A. Karthik Ramasamy, University of Alabama, U.S.A. Neerish Revaprasadu, University of Zululand, South Africa Nguyeˆ˜n Thi Kim Thanh, University College London, UK Tito Trindade, University of Aveiro, Portugal Xiaxi Yao, Nanjing University of Science andTechnology, China Jian Zhang, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, China View Online Ifyoubuythistitleonstandingorder,youwillbegivenFREEaccess to the chapters online. Please contact [email protected] with proof of purchase to arrange access to be set up. Thank you 1 0 0 P F 3- 2 6 7 3 7 9 4 8 1 8 7 9 9/ 3 0 1 0. 1 oi: d g | or c. s s.r ub ISBN: 978-1-84973-582-7 p p:// DOI: 10.1039/9781849734844 htt ISSN: 2049-3541 n o 3 01 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library 2 er b m & The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 e c e D 1 All rights reserved . n 3 o d he Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of research or private study for s bli non-commercialpurposes,orcriticismorreview,aspermittedundertheterms u P of the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988 and the Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003, this publication may not be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of The Royal Society of Chemistry, or in the case of reprographic reproduction only in accordance with the terms of the licences issuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgencyintheUK,orinaccordancewiththe terms of the licences issued by the appropriate Reproduction Rights Organization outside the UK. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the terms stated here should be sent to The Royal Society of Chemistry at the address printed on this page. Published by The Royal Society of Chemistry, Thomas Graham House, Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WF, UK Registered Charity Number 207890 For further information see our web site at www.rsc.org Preface DOI: 10.1039/9781849737623-FP005 Welcome to the second RSC SPR on Nanoscience. Research in Nano- scienceattractsinterestsfromnearlyallsciencedisciplinesandcontinuesto 05 be at the forefront worldwide efforts. The sheer scale of outputs makes 0 FP gaining a meaning perspective of developments challenging for both new 23- comers as well as seasoned researchers. 6 37 We have sought to provide a clear viewpoint of developments with 7 49 specific emphasis on the past twelve months by highlighting key research 8 81 themes, providing country specific perspective as well as focusing on 7 9/9 materials.Chaptersinthisvolumecoverphotocatalystsforwater-splitting, 3 0 design and synthesis of materials for solar energy generation and drug 1 10. delivery, China and India specific perspectives on developments in nano- doi: science,nanolithography.Further,insightisprovidedbyessaysfocusingon g | materials: ZnO, Ag, Au and metal oxides. We hope you enjoy reading the or c. book. s s.r b u p Paul O’Brien (Manchester) http:// P. John Thomas (Bangor) n o 3 1 0 2 er b m e c e D 1 . n 3 o d e h s bli u P Nanoscience, 2013, 2, v–v | v (cid:2)c TheRoyalSocietyofChemistry2014 View Online 5 0 0 P F 3- 2 6 7 3 7 9 4 8 1 8 7 9 9/ 3 0 1 0. 1 oi: d g | or c. s s.r b u p p:// htt n o 3 1 0 2 er b m e c e D 1 . n 3 o d e h s bli u P CONTENTS Cover Thecoverimageshowsamodelof moleculesofwaterbeingchannelled throughasingle-walledcarbon 7 00 nanotube. P F 3- 2 6 7 3 7 9 4 8 1 8 7 9 9/ 3 0 1 0. 1 oi: d g | or c. s s.r b u p p:// Preface v htt n Paul O’Brien and P. John Thomas o 3 1 0 2 er b m e c e D 1 Gold and silver nanostructures of controlled shape 1 . n 3 o Valerie A. Gerard and Yurii K. Gun’ko d e h 1 Introduction 1 s bli 2 Recent developments in the synthesis gold and silver 3 u P nanostructures of controlled shape 3 Recent advances in production and uses of gold and silver 12 nanoparticle assemblies 4 Concluding remarks 19 References 20 Nanomaterials for solar energy 23 Neerish Revaprasadu, Osman M. Bakr, Karthik Ramasamy and Mohammad Azad Malik 1 Introduction 23 2 Ternary and quaternary materials 24 3 Conclusions 54 References 54 Nanoscience, 2013, 2, vii–ix | vii (cid:2)c TheRoyalSocietyofChemistry2014 View Online Direct write nanolithography 58 B. Radha and G.U. Kulkarni 1 Introduction 58 2 Direct write ‘inks’ for various lithography techniques 60 3 Conclusions and outlook 77 References 77 7 0 0 P F 3- 2 6 7 3 97 Nanostructured photocatalysts for solar water-splitting 81 4 8 1 Michael E. Louis and Gonghu Li 8 7 9/9 1 Introduction 81 3 0 2 Titanium dioxide-based photocatalysts 82 1 10. 3 Other metal oxide photocatalysts 87 doi: 4 Other semiconductor photocatalysts 90 g | 5 The photoelectrochemical approach 91 or c. 6 Conclusions 93 s s.r References 94 b u p p:// htt n o 3 1 20 A perspective for photocatalytic materials chemistry in China 98 er mb Jian Zhang, Xiaxi Yao, Jin Li and Xiaoheng Liu e ec 1 Introduction 98 D 1 2 Photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen generation 98 . n 3 3 Photocatalytic decomposition of aqueous pollutants 111 o ed 4 The degradation of air pollutants 122 h blis References 134 u P Nanoscience research in India: Recent contributions (2012–2013) 139 Ashok K. Ganguli, Aparna Ganguly and Mrinmoyee Basu 1 Design of nanomaterials 139 2 Photocatalysis 149 3 Photovoltaics 156 4 Catalysis 158 5 Electrocatalysis 170 6 Carbon based nanomaterials 174 7 Graphene-based nanocomposites 175 8 Drug delivery 180 9 Water purification 188 10 Conclusions 194 References 195 viii | Nanoscience, 2013, 2, vii–ix View Online Metal oxide nanoparticles 204 Serena A. Corr 1 Introduction 204 2 Developments in the preparation of metal oxide 205 nanoparticles 3 Concluding remarks 222 7 References 222 0 0 P F 3- 2 6 7 3 7 9 4 18 Recent developments in the design of nanomaterials for 225 8 97 photothermal and magnetic hyperthermia induced controllable 39/ drug delivery 0 1 0. Alexander E. Dunn, Douglas J. Dunn, May Lim, Cyrille Boyer and 1 oi: Nguyeˆ˜n Thi Kim Thanh d g | 1 Introduction 225 or c. 2 Photothermal induced drug release 233 s s.r 3 Magnetic hyperthermia induced drug release 240 b u p 4 Concluding remarks 247 http:// References 249 n o 3 1 0 2 er b m e Nano dimensional ZnO: new chemical insights from an old material 255 c e D 1 Angela S. Pereira and Tito Trindade . n 3 1 Introduction 255 o ed 2 Optical and structural properties of ZnO quantum dots 256 h blis 3 Chemical synthesis of ZnO nanocrystals 262 u P 4 Chemistry on the surface of ZnO nanocrystals 273 5 Doping of ZnO quantum dots with metal ions 275 6 Technological applications of ZnO nanocrystals 277 7 Conclusions 279 References 280 Nanoscience, 2013, 2, vii–ix | ix View Online 7 0 0 P F 3- 2 6 7 3 7 9 4 8 1 8 7 9 9/ 3 0 1 0. 1 oi: d g | or c. s s.r b u p p:// htt n o 3 1 0 2 er b m e c e D 1 . n 3 o d e h s bli u P