Nanochemistry for Chemistry Educators PDF
Preview Nanochemistry for Chemistry Educators
Nanochemistry for Chemistry Educators Advances in Chemistry Education Series Editor-in-chief: Keith S. Taber, University of Cambridge, UK Series editors: Avi Hofstein, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel Vicente Talanquer, University of Arizona, USA David Treagust, Curtin University, Australia Editorial Advisory Board: Mei-Hung Chiu, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan, Rosaria da Silva Justi, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil, Onno De Jong, UtrechtUniversity,Netherlands,IngoEilks,UniversityofBremen,Germany, Murat Kahveci, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Turkey, Vanessa Kind, Durham University, UK, Stacey Lowery Bretz, Miami University, USA, Hannah Sevian, University of Massachusetts Boston, USA, Daniel Tan, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Marcy Towns, Purdue Uni- versity, USA, Georgios Tsaparlis, University of Ioannina, Greece. Titles in the Series: 1: Professional Development of Chemistry Teachers: Theory and Practice 2: Argumentation in Chemistry Education: Research, Policy and Practice 3: The Nature of the Chemical Concept: Re-constructing Chemical Knowledge in Teaching and Learning 4: Creative Chemists: Strategies for Teaching and Learning 5: Engaging Learners with Chemistry: Projects to Stimulate Interest and Participation 6: The Johnstone Triangle: The Key to Understanding Chemistry 7: Problems and Problem Solving in Chemistry Education 8: Teaching and Learning in the School Chemistry Laboratory 9: Nanochemistry for Chemistry Educators How to obtain future titles on publication: Astandingorderplanisavailableforthisseries.Astandingorderwillbring delivery of each new volume immediately on publication. For further information please contact: BookSalesDepartment,RoyalSocietyofChemistry,ThomasGrahamHouse, Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0WF, UK Telephone: þ44 (0)1223 420066, Fax: þ44 (0)1223 420247, Email: [email protected] Visit our website at www.rsc.org/books Nanochemistry for Chemistry Educators By Riam Abu Much The Academic Arab College for Education, Israel Email: [email protected] Kurt Winkelmann Florida Institute of Technology, USA Email: [email protected] and Muhamad Hugerat The Academic Arab College for Education, Israel Email: [email protected] AdvancesinChemistryEducationSeriesNo.9 PrintISBN:978-1-78801-886-9 PDFISBN:978-1-83916-477-4 EPUBISBN:978-1-83916-478-1 PrintISSN:2056-9335 ElectronicISSN:2056-9343 AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary rRiamAbuMuch,KurtWinkelmannandMuhamadHugerat2022 Allrightsreserved Apartfromfairdealingforthepurposesofresearchfornon-commercialpurposesorfor privatestudy,criticismorreview,aspermittedundertheCopyright,DesignsandPatents Act1988andtheCopyrightandRelatedRightsRegulations2003,thispublicationmaynot bereproduced,storedortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withouttheprior permissioninwritingofTheRoyalSocietyofChemistryorthecopyrightowner,orinthe caseofreproductioninaccordancewiththetermsoflicencesissuedbytheCopyright LicensingAgencyintheUK,orinaccordancewiththetermsofthelicencesissuedby theappropriateReproductionRightsOrganizationoutsidetheUK.Enquiriesconcerning reproductionoutsidethetermsstatedhereshouldbesenttoTheRoyalSocietyof Chemistryattheaddressprintedonthispage. Whilstthismaterialhasbeenproducedwithallduecare,TheRoyalSocietyofChemistry cannotbeheldresponsibleorliableforitsaccuracyandcompleteness,norforany consequencesarisingfromanyerrorsortheuseoftheinformationcontainedinthis publication.Thepublicationofadvertisementsdoesnotconstituteanyendorsementby TheRoyalSocietyofChemistryorAuthorsofanyproductsadvertised.Theviewsand opinionsadvancedbycontributorsdonotnecessarilyreflectthoseofTheRoyalSocietyof Chemistrywhichshallnotbeliableforanyresultinglossordamagearisingasaresultof relianceuponthismaterial. TheRoyalSocietyofChemistryisacharity,registeredinEnglandandWales, Number207890,andacompanyincorporatedinEnglandbyRoyalCharter (RegisteredNo.RC000524),registeredoffice:BurlingtonHouse,Piccadilly, LondonW1J0BA,UK,Telephone:þ44(0)2074378656. Forfurtherinformationseeourwebsiteatwww.rsc.org PrintedintheUnitedKingdombyCPIGroup(UK)Ltd,Croydon,CR04YY,UK Preface Chemistry is central to understanding all science, including the broad field of nanotechnology. Nanoscale chemistry is at the forefront of modern science in the 21st century. Its applications are transforming society: mod- ern electronics and consumer goods make our daily lives easier and new medical treatments and cleaner energy improve our long-term prosperity. These technological advances raise questions about how industry and government should implement nanochemical-based technologies in a safe and fair manner. Providing future societal benefits from scientific and technological advances requires our action now. Teachers must learn how to teach nanochemistry to students in middle and high school in order to create an informed public and scientifically knowledgeable workforce. A better understanding of nanoscale phenomena and applications enables citizens to navigate the science-based issues that relate to their everyday lives and to intelligently question the ethical and societal implications of these revolutionary technologies. Applications of nanochemistry in medicine, materials,energy,biotechnology,andotherindustrieswillcreatemillionsof jobs for our scientifically-minded students. Although nanochemistry is a relatively new field of science, this book demonstrates that teaching nanochemistry requires the same proven techniques that teachers already use for engaging and inspiring students. We also encourage teachers to learn about emerging pedagogies within science education and apply them to teaching nanochemistry. Students canlearnaboutnanochemistrythroughhands-onactivities,includingthose thatdonotrequireanylaboratory facilities. Curriculummaterialshighlight ways to connect the underlying chemical concepts to applications that intereststudents.Citationsofprimarysourcesallowreaderstodigdeepinto AdvancesinChemistryEducationSeriesNo.9 NanochemistryforChemistryEducators ByRiamAbuMuch,KurtWinkelmannandMuhamadHugerat rRiamAbuMuch,KurtWinkelmannandMuhamadHugerat2022 PublishedbytheRoyalSocietyofChemistry,www.rsc.org v vi Preface theoriginaleducationresearchtolearnmoreaboutthebackgroundofeach topic. Researchers andpolicy makershavesuggestedthat there isaneedto update science curricula by adding new topics such as nanochemistry. However, teachers have responded that there is no room for new topics in their already rigorous curriculum. To address these concerns, nanoeduca- tion researchers have discovered creative ways to insert nanochemistry in individual lessons throughout the curriculum or as a standalone unit. Theauthorsofthisbookarescientistsandresearcherswhohavestudied nanochemistry and nanochemistry education for many years. We are motivated to write this book because we believe that middle and high school teachers need more support and encouragement for introducing their students to nanochemistry. Teachers would use the significant amount of nanochemistry curricular materials that are available if they better understand the relevance of nanochemistry, knew about helpful educational resources, and had a plan for integrating topics into their existing lessons. We summarize many scientific and non-scientific issues and topics at a suitable level for current and future teachers who have no previous knowledge about nanoscience. In addition, our book offers ideas for how to include nanoscience concepts and applications when teaching chemistry.Theinformationinthisbookmaybeofinteresttostudentswith an interest in nanochemistry as well. We begin with background about nanochemistry, then explain why and how teachers can incorporate this topic into their lessons. The authors refer the reader to other chapters for additional information about a topic when appropriate. Chapter 1 presents the science of nanochemistry and its applications. This is suitable for teachers who are new to this subject or need to refresh their knowledge. The chapter describes the basic concepts and scientific theories that explain the behavior of materials, structures, and systems at the nanoscale. Chapter 2 presents a broad literature review about the current awareness and attitudes of teachers towards nanochemistry. Chapter 3 gives an overview of how teachers can share nanochemistry with their students. Chapter 4 describes strategies drawnfromtheSTEMeducationalresearchliteraturetoexplainnanoscale chemistry to students in different educational settings, both formal and informal. It also explains how teachers can overcome common challenges that they may face. Chapters 5 reviews the many activities that teachers can lead that will engage their students in learning about nanochemistry. In Chapter 6, we explore how teachers can present nanochemistry within acontextthatrelatestostudents’interests.Chapter7providesanexample of a nanochemistry teaching unit about nanoliposomes and their use as vehicles to deliver pharmaceutical drugs in the human body. The chapter includes additionalscientific background information aboutthe chemical structure of nanoliposomes and its relationship to the chemical structure of the cell membrane. The book concludes with Chapter 8 discussing how teachers can present the ethical issues related to nanochemistry and its effect on society, the environment, and safety. Preface vii This book will be useful to pre-service and current teachers with an interest in updating their curriculum with a cutting edge, scientific topic. Throughoutthebook,wesummarizethecurrentstateoftheeducationand nanochemistry research literature as well as provide practical advice for teaching this important subject. Above all, we hope that our book inspires teachers to learn more about nanochemistry and helps them inspire their own students to do the same. Riam Abu Much, Kurt Winkelmann, and Mohamad Hugerat Author Biographies Riam Abu Much serves as the Head of the Chemistry Department at The AcademicArabCollegeforEducationinIsrael,Haifa.SheistheformerHead of Science Department. She also serves as a Senior Lecturer at the same college. She earned her PhD degree in chemistry (Nanoscience and Nano- technology specialization) from Bar-Ilan University, she also received her MSc and BSc in chemistry from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. In 2008–2009shewasapost-doctoralfellowinchemistryatBar-IlanUniversity. Riam’s research focuses on nanoscience and nanotechnology. During herPhDstudy,sheworkedondevelopingmetalsandmagneticmaterialsat the nanoscale using Ultrasound Irradiation. In addition, she served as a teaching assistant at Bar-Ilan University. At the end of 2010, her research expanded to include chemical education with an emphasis on nano- education. Riam served previously as a scientific member in SALiS (Stu- dent Active Learning in Science) and ARTiST (Action Research to Innovate ScienceTeaching)projectsfundedbyEU.Shehaspublishedseveralarticles in different international journals. She has organized several international conferencesandpresentedherresearchachievementsinseveralconferences around the world. Dr.KurtWinkelmannservesastheHeadoftheDepartmentofChemistryat Valdosta State University in Valdosta, Georgia, United States. He studied photochemical reaction kinetics and nanotechnology as a PhD student at Auburn University and as a postdoctoral researcher at Northwestern Uni- versity. He continued this research as a faculty member at Florida Tech for about20years.Hisfirstexperienceteachingchemistrypiquedhisinterestin understanding how students learn chemistry. Since then, his research has expanded to include chemical education and nanotechnology education AdvancesinChemistryEducationSeriesNo.9 NanochemistryforChemistryEducators ByRiamAbuMuch,KurtWinkelmannandMuhamadHugerat rRiamAbuMuch,KurtWinkelmannandMuhamadHugerat2022 PublishedbytheRoyalSocietyofChemistry,www.rsc.org viii AuthorBiographies ix research. Hehas astronginterest inunderstanding studentlearningin the chemistry laboratory and classroom. Current and past projects include developingandaccessingnewacademiccourses,creatingandimplementing new lab experiments for first-year students, and using digital learning environments such as virtual worlds for chemistry lab, among others. Muhamad Hugerat is a Professor of Science Education. He has a PhD in Physical Chemistry from The Hebrew University – Jerusalem. He is former Vice-PresidentoftheAcademicArabCollegeforEducation(AACE)inIsrael– Haifa, former Dean of the Science Education Department, Former Dean of the Continuing Education Department, Head of the SALiS (Student Active Learning in Science) Center, and Head of ARTIST (Action Research to In- novateScienceTeaching)Center.Heiseditorof‘‘DARUNA’’–ajournalofthe AACE.Heisaresearcher intheInstituteofScience Education–TheGalilee Society, Shefar-Am. He has conducted research in many areas of science education(e.g.,learningenvironment,laboratorywork,scienceeducationin all level ages, microscale and nano laboratories, teaching science through research,argumentationandsustainabilityinscienceeducation,historyand philosophy of science, and green and environmental science education). Hehaspublishedseveralarticlesindifferentinternationaljournals.Hehas written many teaching books in science education for the schools of Israel. He has been involved in organising and speaking at many national and international Science Education conferences.
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