N-SSATS Report (2009): Characteristics of Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities Offering Acupuncture, The

2009·0.42 MB·English

National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services
The N-SSATS Report
July 30, 2009
Characteristics of Substance Abuse
Treatment Facilities Offering Acupuncture
A
cupuncture is one of the oldest
In Brief
healing practices in the world,
and it has been used to treat
● Facilities offering acupuncture
a wide spectrum of medical conditions
services most commonly accepted
and diseases. Recently, acupuncture was
cash or self-payments (85 percent),
private health insurance (63 per- identified as one of the fastest growing
cent), or Medicaid payments
complementary or alternative therapies
(56 percent)
covered by private insurance companies
● Overall, most facilities that of- in the United States.1,2
fered acupuncture also offered Acupuncture was introduced into
other ancillary services to support
alcohol and drug abuse treatment in the
the needs of clients, such as sub-
1970s. Clinical trials of acupuncture to
stance abuse education, discharge
treat chemical dependency have been
planning, case management, and
conducted and focused on different
aftercare
substances of abuse (e.g., opiates and
● Facilities that offered acupuncture cocaine), within different therapeutic
were twice as likely as all sub-
settings, and among different popula-
stance abuse treatment facilities to
tions.3,4 The results of these clinical trials
offer special programs or groups for
are mixed and often hindered by small
adolescents (64 vs. 31 percent) and
sample sizes, lack of study controls, and
persons with HIV/AIDS (20 vs. 10
percent) inability to control for placebo effects.5
Anecdotal evidence suggests that
The N-SSATS Report is published periodically by the Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
(SAMHSA). All material appearing in this report is in the public domain and may be reproduced or copied without permission from SAMHSA.
Additional copies of this report or other reports from the Office of Applied Studies are available online: http://oas.samhsa.gov. Citation of the source
is appreciated. For questions about this report, please e-mail: [email protected].
N-SSATS_205
N-SSATS REPORT: CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT FACILITIES OFFERING ACUPUNCTURE July 30, 2009
Figure 1. Percentage of Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities that Offer Acupuncture Services, by Type
of Care: 2007
2% 2%
4%
Outpatient Only
4%
Residential Only
11%
Outpatient and Residential
Outpatient, Inpatient, and Residential
56%
Outpatient and Inpatient
21%
Inpatient and Residential
Inpatient Only
Source: 2007 SAMHSA National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS).
acupuncture can relieve of substance abuse treatment. all substance abuse treatment
the physical symptoms of Selected comparisons are facilities nationally, a smaller
withdrawal during detoxi- made between facilities that proportion of facilities offer-
fication, increase feelings of offered acupuncture and all ing acupuncture services
relaxation during therapeutic substance abuse treatment were privately owned and
rehabilitation, and relieve facilities in general. operated, but a higher
or prevent cravings during proportion were operated by
relapse prevention. Acupunc- local, State, and Federal or
Facility Operation
ture proponents point out tribal governments.
that it is a low-risk, low-cost The majority of substance
therapy that does not require abuse treatment facilities that
Type of Care
medication, produces no side offered acupuncture were
effects, and causes little to no privately owned and oper- N-SSATS categorizes
discomfort. ated (77 percent), either by a substance abuse treatment
Using data from the for-profit entity (25 percent) offered by facilities into three
2007 National Survey of or a non-profit organization main types of settings—
Substance Abuse Treat- (52 percent). In addition, 11 hospital inpatient, residential,
ment Services (N-SSATS), percent of facilities offering and outpatient. Some facili-
the primary objective of this acupuncture were oper- ties provide one type of care
report is to examine general ated by local governments, only while others provide a
characteristics of the 587 6 percent by State govern- combination. Of the facili-
facilities (4 percent of all ments, and 6 percent by ties offering acupuncture,
facilities nationwide) that Federal or tribal govern- 56 percent offered outpa-
offered acupuncture as a part ments. When compared to tient treatment only, and 21
2
July 30, 2009 N-SSATS REPORT: CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT FACILITIES OFFERING ACUPUNCTURE
Figure 2. Percentage of Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities that Offer Acupuncture Services, by Type
of Payments Accepted: 2007
85
Cash or self-payment
90
63
Private health insurance
63
56
Medicaid
53
State financed health 40
insurance 34
38
Medicare 34 Facilities
Offering
31 Acupuncture
Military insurance 32
26 All Facilities
ATR vouchers*
10
6
No payment accepted (free)
4
3
Accepts other payments 3
0 20 40 60 80 100
* Access to Recovery (ATR) vouchers are available in CA, CT, FL, ID, IL, LA, MO, NJ, NM, TN, TX, WA, WI, WY.
Source: 2007 SAMHSA National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS).
percent offered residential facilities in general to accept
Type of Payments
treatment only (Figure 1). Access to Recovery (ATR)
Accepted
Approximately 13 percent of vouchers (26 versus 10
facilities that offered acupunc- Facilities that offered percent) and slightly more
ture offered opioid treatment acupuncture services most likely to accept other State-
programs (OTPs), a slightly commonly accepted cash or financed health insurance (40
higher percentage than all self-payments (85 percent), versus 34 percent).
substance abuse treatment private health insurance
facilities (8 percent). (63 percent), or Medicaid
Services Offered
More than a third (38 payments (56 percent) (Figure
percent) of facilities that 2). Over a third of these Overall, N-SSATS data
offered acupuncture also facilities also accepted State- show that substance
offered detoxification financed health insurance abuse treatment facilities
services. Most facilities that (40 percent) or Medicare that offered acupuncture
offered both acupuncture payments (38 percent). A provided traditional assess-
and detoxification services smaller percentage accepted ment and treatment services
reported detoxifying clients Federal military insur- to clients. Specifically,
from opiates (95 percent), ance such as TRICARE screening for substance abuse
and the majority reported or Champ VA (31 percent). (95 percent) and compre-
detoxifying clients from alco- Substance abuse treatment hensive substance abuse
hol (87 percent) or cocaine facilities offering acupunc- assessment and diagnosis (92
(81 percent). ture were more likely than percent) were provided by
3
N-SSATS REPORT: CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT FACILITIES OFFERING ACUPUNCTURE July 30, 2009
percent), and family counsel-
Table 1. Percentage of Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities that
ing (72 percent). However,
Offer Acupuncture Services, by Ancillary/Transitional Service: 2007
facilities that offered
acupuncture were more
Ancillary/Transitional Service Percent
likely than all substance
Substance Abuse Education 98
abuse treatment facilities
Discharge Planning 96
nationally to provide marital/
Case Management Services 87 couples counseling (56 versus
45 percent).
Aftercare or Continuing Care 82
The most common types
Social Skills Development 75
of testing provided by facili-
HIV/AIDS Education, Counseling, or Support 75
ties that offered acupuncture
Health Education other than HIV/AIDS 72 included drug or alcohol
Mental Health Services 72 urine screening (92 percent),
breathalyzer or other alcohol
Assistance with Obtaining Social Services 67
blood testing (75 percent),
Self-help Groups 67
and tuberculosis (TB) and
Mentoring/Peer Support 61 Human Immunodeficiency
Assistance in Locating Housing for Clients 60 Virus (HIV) testing (56 and
54 percent, respectively).
Transportation Assistance to Treatment 55
Less than half of the facilities
Domestic Violence—Family or Partner Violence Services 49
offered sexually transmitted
Early Intervention for HIV 44
disease (STD) (42 percent) or
Employment Counseling or Training for Clients 45 Hepatitis B or C (43 and 46
Child Care for Clients’ Children 16 percent) testing services.
Most facilities that offered
Source: 2007 SAMHSA National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS).
acupuncture also offered
other ancillary or transitional
services, which are services
most facilities that offered also provided the four main
central to and supportive of
acupuncture. Almost three- types of counseling services.
the needs of clients. Such
quarters provided screening Among facilities that offered
services included substance
for mental health disorders acupuncture, most offered
abuse education (98 percent),
(72 percent), and more than individual counseling (98
discharge planning (96
half provided comprehensive percent) and group coun-
percent), case management
mental health assessment seling (93 percent), and a
(87 percent), and after-
or diagnosis (53 percent) or majority offered family (77
care or continuing care
community outreach (53 percent) and marital/couples
(82 percent) (Table 1). The
percent). A smaller percent- (56 percent) counseling. A
majority also provided social
age offered interim services similar proportion of all
skills development, HIV or
when admission was not substance abuse treatment
Acquired Immunodeficiency
possible (44 percent). facilities provided individual
Syndrome (AIDS) education,
The majority of facilities counseling (96 percent),
counseling, or support, other
that offered acupuncture group counseling (89
4
July 30, 2009 N-SSATS REPORT: CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT FACILITIES OFFERING ACUPUNCTURE
Table 2. Percentage of Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities that Discussion
Offer Acupuncture Services, by Programs or Groups for Specific
Acupuncture is offered by
Client Types: 2007
a very small percentage
Facilities of substance abuse treat-
Offering
ment facilities nationwide.
Programs for Special Groups Acupuncture All Facilities
However, facilities that offer
Adolescents 64 31
acupuncture tended to offer
Adult women 55 32
many other types of services
Co-occurring disorders 52 37 that are designed to support
recovery and address the
Adult men 42 25
needs of specific clients.
Criminal justice clients 33 27
Thus, although acupuncture
Pregnant/Postpartum Women 25 14
may be viewed as an “alter-
Persons with HIV/AIDS 20 10 native” therapy, facilities that
Seniors or older adults 12 7 offer acupuncture do so in
the context of a broad range
Gays or Lesbians 10 6
of traditional approaches to
Source: 2007 SAMHSA National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS).
treatment.
health education, mental percent) (Table 2). Substance
End Notes
health services, assistance abuse treatment facilities
1 Burke, A., Upchurch, D. M., Dye, C., & Chyu, L.
obtaining social services, self- offering acupuncture were (2006). Acupuncture use in the United States:
Findings from the National Health Interview
help groups, mentoring/peer more likely than substance Survey. The Journal of Alternative and Comple-
mentary Medicine, 12 (7), 639-648.
support, assistance locating abuse treatment facilities
2 Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation and Health
housing, and transportation in general to offer specially Research and Educational Trust. (2004).
Employer Health Benefits 2004 Annual Survey.
assistance to treatment. designed programs or groups
Menlo Park, California.
for various client types. Most 3 Jordan, J. B. (2006). Acupuncture treatment for
opiate addiction: A systematic review. Journal of
notably, facilities that offered
Substance Abuse Treatment, 30, 309-314.
Programs or Groups for
acupuncture were twice as 4 Moner, S. E. (1996). Acupuncture and addiction
Specific Client Types treatment. Journal of Addictive Diseases, 15,
likely as all substance abuse 79-100.
Overall, 82 percent of facili- treatment facilities to offer 5 Otto, K. C. (2003). Acupuncture and substance
abuse: A synopsis, with indications for further
ties that offered acupuncture programs for adolescents (64 research. The American Journal on Addictions,
12, 43-51.
also offered at least one vs. 31 percent) and persons
special program or group with HIV/AIDS (20 vs. 10
Suggested Citations
to serve a specific client percent).
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services
type. The majority offered a Administration, Office of Applied Studies. (July
30, 2009). The N-SSATS Report: Characteristics
specially designed program of Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities Offering
Acupuncture. Rockville, MD.
or group for adolescents (64
percent), adult women (55
percent), and clients with
co-occurring disorders (52
5
For change of address, corrections, or to be removed from
this list please e-mail: [email protected].
Findings from SAMHSA’s 2007 National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS)
The National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) is an
Characteristics of Substance annual survey of all substance abuse treatment facilities in the United States, both
public and private, that are known to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health
Services Administration (SAMHSA). N-SSATS is one component of the Drug and
Abuse Treatment Facilities
Alcohol Services Information System (DASIS), an integrated data system maintained
by the Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA.
Offering Acupuncture N-SSATS collects three types of information from facilities: characteristics of indi-
vidual facilities such as services offered and types of treatment provided, primary
focus of the facility, and payment options; client count information such as counts
of clients served by service type and number of beds designated for treatment;
and general information such as licensure, certification, or accreditation and facility
website availability. In 2007, N-SSATS collected information from 13,648 facilities
from all 50 States, the District of Colombia, the Federated States of Micronesia,
Guam, Palau, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands.
● Facilities offering acupuncture services most Information and data for this report are based on data reported to N-SSATS
for the survey reference date March 30, 2007
commonly accepted cash or self-payments (85
The N-SSATS Report is prepared by the Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA; Syn-
percent), private health insurance (63 percent), or
ectics for Management Decisions, Inc., Arlington, Virginia; and by RTI International
Medicaid payments (56 percent) in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (RTI International is the trade name of
Research Triangle Institute). Information on the most recent N-SSATS is available
in the following publication:
● Overall, most facilities that offered acupuncture
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied
also offered other ancillary services to support
Studies. (2008). National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-
the needs of clients, such as substance SSATS): 2007. Data on Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities (DASIS Series: S-44,
DHHS Publication No. (SMA) 08-4348). Rockville MD: Author.
abuse education, discharge planning, case
Access the latest N-SSATS reports at:
management, and aftercare
http://oas.samhsa.gov/dasis.htm
● Facilities that offered acupuncture were twice Access the latest N-SSATS public use files at:
http://oas.samhsa.gov/SAMHDA.htm
as likely as all substance abuse treatment
Other substance abuse reports are available at:
facilities to offer special programs or groups for http://oas.samhsa.gov
adolescents (64 vs. 31 percent) and persons with
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
HIV/AIDS (20 vs. 10 percent)
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
Office of Applied Studies
www.samhsa.gov