Myconet. Vol. 14. Part one. Outline of Ascomycota, 2009. Part two. Notes on Ascomycete systematics. No. 4751-5113

2010·5.5 MB·English

by  Lumbsch, H. T

HHB9
Life and Earth Sciences
NO. 1
Myconet Volume 14
Part One. Outline of Ascomycota-2009
Part Two. Notes on Ascomycete Systematics. Nos. 4751-5113
H. Thorsten Lumbsch
Sabine M. Huhndorf
December 27,2010
Publication 1557
PUBLISHED BY FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
FIELDIANA
Publication Note
Fieldiana: Life and Earth Sciences, ISSN 2158-5520 This volume also represents Myconet
Formed by the merger of: (ISSN 1403-1418) Volume 14.
Fieldiana: Botany (ISSN 0015-0746);
Fieldiana: Geology (ISSN 0096-2651);
Fieldiana: Zoology (ISSN 0015-0754).
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Editorial Contributors:
Managing Scientific Editor Associate Editor for this volume
Janet Voight ([email protected]) Margaret Thayer
Editorial Assistant Co-Associate Editors for Fieldiana Anthropology
Chris C. Jones ([email protected]) Jonathan Haas ([email protected])
Gary Feinman ([email protected])
Associate Editors for Fieldiana Life and Earth Sciences
Thorsten Lumbsch ([email protected])
Olivier Rieppel ([email protected])
Margaret Thayer ([email protected])
r
i A B
D
i
F 1
E
G, H
€
J K M
Cover images: A. Camillea lepreurii, French Guiana, SMH3681; B. Wegelina discreta, Indiana, SMH5315; C. Zignoella sp., Costa
Rica, EN3099; D. unknown Leotiomycetidae, Costa Rica, s.n.; E. Xenolophium pachythele, Costa Rica, SMH4022; F. unknown Pleo-
sporomycetidae, Costa Rica, IL1559; G. Teichospora sp., Illinois, SMH5181; H. Heptameria sp., Australia, K(M)78723; I. Menegazzia
sp., Tasmania, s.n.; J. Glossodium aversum, Costa Rica, s.n.; K. Splanchnonema sp., Puerto Rico, SMH1425; L. Amium macrotheca,
Costa Rica, SMH3253.1; M. unknown Tetraplosphaeriaceae, Panama, SMH3414.
Photographic credit: A-C, E-H, L, M by Sabine Huhndorf; D, J by Robert Lucking; I by Todd Widhelm, K by George Mugambi.
PUBLISHED BY FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
Life and Earth Sciences
NO. 1
Myconet Volume 14
Part One. Outline of Ascomycota—2009
Part Two. Notes on Ascomycete Systematics.
Nos. 4751-5113
H. Thorsten Lumbsch Sabine M. Huhndorf
Department of Botany Department of Botany
Field Museum Field Museum
1400 S Lake Shore Drive 1400 S Lake Shore Drive
Chicago, 1L 60605 Chicago, IL 60605
tlumbsch@fieldmuseum. org shuhndorf@fieldmuseum. org
Accepted August 26, 2010
Published December 27, 2010
Publication 1557
Associate Editor for this volume was Margaret Thayer.
PUBLISHED BY FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
© 2010 Field Museum of Natural History
ISSN 2158-5520
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Table of Contents
Part One. Outline of Ascomycota—2009
Introduction.1
Literature Cited.1
Index to Ascomycota .1
Subphylum Taphrinomycotina.1
Class Neolectomycetes . 1
Class Pneumocystidomycetes. 1
Class Schizosaccharomycetes.2
Class Taphrinomycetes.2
Subphylum Saccharomycotina.2
Class Saccharomycetes.2
Subphylum Pezizomycotina.3
Class Arthoniomycetes.3
Class Dothideomycetes.3
Subclass Dothideomycetidae.3
Subclass Pleosporomycetidae .4
Dothideomycetes incertae sedis: orders, families, genera .7
Class Eurotiomycetes. 12
Subclass Chaetothyriomycetidae .12
Subclass Eurotiomycetidae.13
Subclass Mycocaliciomycetidae.14
Class Geoglossomycetes . 14
Class Laboulbeniomycetes. 14
Class Lecanoromycetes. 16
Subclass Acarosporomycetidae .16
Subclass Ostropomycetidae.16
Subclass Lecanoromycetidae.18
Lecanoromycetes incertae sedis: orders, genera .22
Class Leotiomycetes. 23
Leotiomycetes incertae sedis: families, genera .28
Class Lichinomycetes. 28
Class Orbiliomycetes .28
Class Pezizomycetes. 28
Class Sordariomycetes . 30
Subclass Hypocreomycetidae .30
Subclass Sordariomycetidae .33
Subclass Xylariomycetidae.36
Sordariomycetes incertae sedis: orders, families, genera .38
Pezizomycotina incertae sedis: orders, families .40
Ascomycota incertae sedis: families, genera.40
Part Two. Notes on Ascomycete Systematics. Nos. 4751-5113
Introduction.42
Literature Cited.59
iii
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Myconet Volume 14
Part One. Outline of Ascomycota—2009
Part Two. Notes on Ascomycete Systematics. Nos. 4751-5113
H. Thorsten Lumbsch and Sabine M. Huhndorf
Abstract
Part One presents the current classification that includes all accepted genera and higher taxa above the generic level in
the phylum Ascomycota. It is based on the changes listed in Myconet notes 4751-5113. In the current outline, three
subphyla (Pezizomycotina, Saccharomycotina, Taphrinomycotina) are accepted. Taphrinomycotina includes four classes
{Neolectomycetes, Pneumocystidomycetes, Schizosaccharomyces, Taphrinomycetes). Saccharomycotina consists of one
class and Pezizomycotina includes eleven classes (Arthoniomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, Geoglossomycetes,
Laboulbeniomycetes, Lecanoromycetes, Leotiomycetes, Lichinomycetes, Orbiliomycetes, Pezizomycetes, Sordariomycetes).
Part Two presents 363 notes on the taxonomy and nomenclature of ascomycetes (Ascomycota) at the generic and higher
levels. Numerous changes in higher levels resulted from multi-authored phylogenetic papers resulting from the AFTOL
and Deep Hyphae projects, especially a publication on a revised fungal classification spearheaded by David Hibbett in
2007 and a 2009 volume of Studies in Mycology edited by Conrad Schoch and others dedicated to the phylogeny of the
Dothideomycetes. The new name Alectoria gowardii Lumbsch is proposed for Gowardia arctica P. Halonen, L. Myllys, S.
Velmala & H. Hyvarinen (non Alectoria arctica Elenkin & Savicz).
PART ONE. OUTLINE OF ASCOMYCOTA—2009 eleven orders, and numerous unclassified families. Eurotiomy¬
cetes includes two subclasses and six families. Laboulbeniomy¬
Introduction cetes has two orders, whereas Lecanoromycetes consists of
three subclasses and ten orders and includes numerous
The present classification is based in part on earlier versions unclassified families and genera. Leotiomycetes includes five
published in Systema Ascomycetum and Myconet (ISSN 1403- orders. The large class Sordariomycetes is divided into three
1418; see http://www.fieldmuseum.org/myconet/) and reflects subclasses and includes 18 orders and various unclassified
the changes listed in Myconet Notes Nos. 4751-5113 (Part families and genera. Two orders (Medeolariales, Triblidiales)
Two). It includes all accepted genera and higher taxa of are currently not placed in any class, but in Pezizomycotina
Ascomycota. Generic names synonymized since 2007 are incertae sedis. Twenty families are not placed in any class and
included in the outline, indented under their accepted name 116 genera have unclarified placements in Ascomycota.
and preceded by an equal sign (=). In future outlines, attempts
will be made to incorporate all synonymous generic names.
Literature Cited
For a list of synonymous generic names, see Eriksson and
Hawksworth (1998). A question mark (?) indicates that the
Eriksson, O. E., and D. L. Hawksworth. 1998. Outline of the
position of the taxon is uncertain. An asterisk (*) following the
ascomycetes—1998. Systema Ascomycetum 16: 83-296.
name indicates an entry in the “Notes” section in part two of
this volume.
Index to Ascomycota
In the current outline, three subphyla (Pezizomycotina,
Saccharomycotina, Taphrinomycotina) are accepted. Taphrino¬ Phylum ASCOMYCOTA Caval.-Sm.*
mycotina includes four classes (Neolectomycetes, Pneumocys¬
Subphylum TAPHRINOMYCOTINA O. E. Erikss. &
tidomycetes, Schizosaccharomycetes, Taphrinomycetes), the
Winka
first three with one order and one family, the last with one
Class Neolectomycetes O. E. Erikss. & Winka
order and two families. Saccharomycotina consists of one class
Neolectales Landvik, O. E. Erikss., Gargas & P. Gustafsson
(Saccharomycetes), which includes one order with 12 families
Neolectaceae Redhead
and nine unclassified genera. Pezizomycotina includes eleven
classes (Arthoniomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, Neolecta Speg.
Geoglossomycetes, Laboulbeniomycetes, Lecanoromycetes,
Class Pneumocystidomycetes O. E. Erikss. & Winka
Leotiomycetes, Lichinomycetes, Orbiliomycetes, Pezizomy¬
Pneumocystidales O. E. Erikss.
cetes, Sordariomycetes). Arthoniomycetes, Geoglossomycetes,
Lichinomycetes, Orbiliomycetes, and Pezizomycetes each con¬ Pneumocystidaceae O. E. Erikss.
sists of one order. Dothideomycetes includes two subclasses, Pneumocystis P. Delanoe & Delanoe
FIELDIANA: LIFE AND EARTH SCIENCES, N.S., NO. 1, December 27, 2010, pp. 1-64 1
Class Schizosaccharomycetes O. E. Erikss. & Winka Pichiaceae Zender*
Schizosaccharomycetales O. E. Erikss., Svedskog & Dekkera Van der Walt
Landvik Kregervanrija Kurtzman
Schizosaccharomycetaceae Beij. ex Klocker Komagataella Y. Yamada, M. Matsuda, K. Maeda &
Schizosaccharomyces Lindner Mikata*
Phaffomyces Y. Yamada, Higashi, S. Ando & Mikata*
Class Taphrinomycetes O. E. Erikss. & Winka
Pichia E. C. Hansen*
Taphrinales Gaum. & C. W. Dodge
= Issatchenkia Kudrjanzev*
Protomycetaceae Gray
Saturnispora Z. W. Liu & Kurtzman
Burenia M. S. Reddy & C. L. Kramer
Protomyces Unger Saccharomycetaceae G. Winter
Protomycopsis Magnus ICiteromyces Santa Maria
Taphridium Lagerh. & Juel ex Juel ICyniclomyces Van der Walt & D. B. Scott
Volkartia Maire IDebaryomyces Lodder & Kreger ex Kreger
Kazachstania Zubcova
Taphrittaceae Gaum.
= Arxiozyma Van der Walt & Yarrow
Taphrina Fr.
Kluyveromyces Van der Walt
Taphrinomycetes, genus incertae sedis Kuraishia Y. Yamada, K. Maeda & Mikata
Saitoella S. Goto, J. Sugiyama, M. Hamamoto & K. Kurtzmaniella M.A. Lachance & W. T. Starmer*
Komagata Lachancea Kurtzman
?Lodderomyces Van der Walt
Subphylum SACCHAROMYCOTINA O. E. Erikss. & Nakaseomyces Kurtzman
Winka
Naumovozyma Kurtzman*
Class Saccharomycetes O. E. Erikss. & Winka
= Naumovia Kurtzman*
= Hemiaseomycetes Engl.
lOgataea Y. Yamada, K. Maeda & Mikata*
Sac char omycet ales Kudrjanzev
IPachysolen Boidin & Adzet
Ascoideaceae J. Schroter
Saccharomyces Meyen
Ascoidea Bref.
Spathaspora Nguyen, S. O. Suh & M. Blackw.
Tetrapisispora Ueda-Nishimura & K. Mikata
Cephaloascaceae L. R. Batra
Vanderwaltozyma Kurtzman
Cephaloascus Hanawa
Torulaspora Lindner
Dipodascaceae Engl. & E. Gilg ? Williopsis Zender*
Dipodciscus Lagerh. = Lindnera Kurtzman, Robnett & Basehoar-Powers*
Galactomyces Redhead & Malloch Zygosaccharomyces Barker
ISporopachydermia Rodr. Mir. Zygotorulaspora Kurtzman
lYarrowia Van der Walt & Arx
Saccharomycodaceae Kudrjanzev
Endomycetaceae J. Schrot. IHanseniaspora Zikes
Ascocephalophora K. Matsush. & Matsush. INadsonia Syd.
Endomyces Reess Saccharomycodes E. C. Hansen
?Phialoascus Redhead & Malloch IWickerhamia Soneda
Eremotheciaceae Kurtzman Saccharomycopsidaceae Arx & Van der Walt
Eremothecium Borzi lAmbrosiozyma Van der Walt
ICoccidiascus Chatton Arthroascus Arx
Saccharomycopsis Schionning
Lipomycetaceae E. K. Novak & Zsolt*
Dipodascopsis L. R. Batra & Millner Trichomonascaceae Kurtzman & Robnett
Babjevia van der Walt & M. Th. Smith* Sugiyamaella Kurtzman & Robnett
Lipomyces Lodder & Kreger Trichomonascus H. S. Jackson
= Kawasakia Y. Yamada & Nogawa* Stephanoascus M. T. Sm., Van der Walt & Johannsen
= Smithiozyma Van der Walt, J. L. F. Koch & Y. Wickerhamiella Van der Walt
Yamada Zygoascus M. T. Sm.
= Waltomyces Y. Yamada & Nakase
Saccharomycetales, genera incertae sedis
= Zygozyma Van der Walt & Arx*
Ascobotryozyma J. Kerrigan, M. T. Sm. & J. D. Rogers
Metschnikowiaceae T. Kamienski Barnettozyma Kurtzman, Robnett & Basehoar-Powers*
Clavispora Rodr. Mir. Hyphopichia von Arx & van der Walt
Metschnikowia T. Kamienski Kodamaea Y. Yamada, T. Suzuki, Matsuda & Mikata
2 FIELDIANA: LIFE AND EARTH SCIENCES
Nakazawaea Y. Yamada, Maeda & Mikata Ingaderia Darb.
Starmera Y. Yamada, Higashi, S. Ando & Mikata Lecanactis Korb.
Starmerella Rosa & Lachance Lecanographa Egea & Torrente
Wickerhamomyces Kurtzman, Robnett & Basehoar- Mazosia A. Massal.
Powers* Minksia Miill. Arg.
Yamadazyma Billon-Grand Opegrapha Ach.
= Dictyographa Mull. Arg.
Subphylum PEZIZOMYCOTINA O. E. Erikss. & Winka
Pentagenella Darb.*
Class Arthoniomycetes O. E. Erikss. & Winka
= Camanchaca Follm.& Peine*
Arthoniales Henssen ex D. Hawksw. & O. E. Erikss.*
Peterjamesia D. Hawksw.
Arthoniaceae Reichenb. ex Reichenb.
Phacographa Hafellner*
Amazonomyces Bat.
Phacothecium Trevis.*
Arthonia Ach.
Phoebus R. C. Harris & Ladd
Arthothelium A. Massal.
Plectocarpon Fee
Coniarthonia Grube
Protoroccella L. M. Sanchez-Pinto & M. Schulz*
Cryptothecia Stirt.
?Pseudolecanactis Zahlbr.
Eremothecella Syd. & P. Syd.
Roccella DC.*
IGymnographoidea Fink
= Roccellodea Darb.*
Herpothallon Tobler*
Roccellina Darb.*
Paradoxomyces Matzer
= Roccellaria Darb.*
Sagenidiopsis R. W. Rogers & Hafellner
Roccellographa J. Steiner
Sporostigma Grube
Sagenidium Stirt.
Stirtonia A. L. Sm.
Schismatomma Flot. & Korb. ex A. Massal.
Synarthothelium Sparrius*
Schizopelte Th. Fr.
Tylophoron Nyl. ex Stizenb.*
Sclerophyton Eschw.
Sigridea Tehler
Chrysotrichaceae Zahlbr.
Simonyella J. Steiner
Byssocaulon Mont.
Streimannia G. Thor
Chrysothrix Mont.
Syncesia Taylor
IMelaspileaceae W. Watson
Arthoniales, genera incertae sedis
lEncephalographa A. Massal.
Arthophacopsis Hafellner
Melaspdea Nyl.
Catarraphia A. Massal.
Roccellaceae Che vail. IHormosphaeria Lev.
Ancistrosporella G. Thor Llimonaea Egea & Torrente
Angiactis Aptroot & Sparrius* Nipholepis Syd.
Perigrapha Hafellner
Bactrospora A. Massal.
Pulvinodecton Henssen & G. Thor
Chiodecton Ach.
Sipmania Egea & Torrente
Combea De Not.
Synarthonia Miill. Arg.
Cresponea Egea & Torrente
Tania Egea, Torrente & Sipman
Darbishirella Zahlbr. ex Darb.
ITarbertia Dennis
Dendrographa Darb.
Trichophyma Rehm
Dichosporidium Pat.
Tylophorella Vain.
Diplogramma Mull. Arg.
Wegea Aptroot & Tibell
Dirina Fr.
Dirinastrum Miill. Arg.
Class Dothideomycetes sensu O. E. Erikss. & Winka
Dolichocarpus R. Sant.
Subclass Dothideomycetidae P. M. Kirk, P. F. Cannon,
Enterodictyon Mull. Arg.
J. C. David & J. A. Stalpers ex C. L. Schoch,
Enterographa Fee
Spatafora, Crous & Shoemaker
Erythrodecton G. Thor
Capnodiales Woron.
Feigeana Mies, Lumbsch & Tehler
Antennulariellaceae Woron.
Follmanniella Peine & Werner
Achaetobotrys Bat. & Cif.
Gorgadesia Tav.
Antennulariella Woron.
Graphidastra (Redinger) G. Thor
IHalographis Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm. Capnodiaceae (Sacc.) Hohn. ex Theiss.
Haplodina Zahlbr. lAithaloderma Syd. & P. Syd.
Hubbsia W. A. Weber lAnopeltis Bat. & Peres
= Reinkella Darb.* ICallebaea Bat.
LUMBSCH AND HUHNDORF: MYCONET VOLUME 14 3
Capnodaria (Sacc.) Theiss. & Syd. Dothioraceae Theiss. & H. Syd.
Capnodium Mont. IBotryochora Torrend
ICapnophaeum Speg. Delphinella (Sacc.) Kuntze
ICeramoclasteropsis Bat. & Cavalc. Dothiora Fr.
lEchinothecium Zopf Endodothiora Petr.
IHyaloscolecostroma Bat. & J. Oliviera IJaffuela Speg.
Phragmocapnias Theiss. & Syd. IPhaeocryptopus Naumov*
IPolychaeton (Pers.) Lev. Plowrightia Sacc.
IScoriadopsis Mend. Saccothecium Fr.
Scorias Fr. Sydowia Bres.
Yoshinagaia P. Henn.
Coccodiniaceae Hohn. ex O. E. Erikss.
Coccodinium A. Massal. Teratosphaeriaceae Crous & U. Braun*
Dennisiella Bat. & Cif. Teratosphaeria Syd. & P. Syd.
Limacinula Hohn.
Myriangiales Starback
Davidiellaceae C. L. Schoch, Spatafora, Crous & Elsinoaceae Hohn. ex Sacc. & Trotter
Shoemaker Beelia F. Stevens & R. W. Ryan ex F. Stevens
Davidiella Crous & U. Braun Butleria Sacc.
Elsinoe Racib.
Dissoconiaceae Crous & de Hoog*
Hemimyriangium J. Reid & Piroz.
Dissoconium de Hoog, Oorschot & Hijwegen
Hyalotheles Speg.
Micularia Boedijn
Metacapnodiaceae Hughes & Corlett
Molleriella G. Winter
Metacapnodium Speg.
Saccardinula Speg.
Mycosphaerellaceae Lindau Stephanotheca Syd. & P. Syd.
Achorodothis Syd. Xenodium Syd.
Brunneosphaerella Crous*
Myriangiaceae Nyl.
Cymadothea F. A. Wolf
lAnhellia Racib.
Euryachora Fuckel
Diplotheca Starb.
Gillotia Sacc. & Trotter
lEurytheca De Seynes
Melanodothis R. Arnold
Myriangium Mont. & Berk.
Mycosphaerella Johanson
IPlacocrea Syd.
Subclass Pleosporomycetidae C. L. Schoch, Spatafora,
Polysporella Woron.
Crous & Shoemaker
Pseudostigmidium Etayo*
Pleosporales Luttrell ex M. E. Barr
Sphaerellothecium Zopf
= Melanommatales M. E. Barr
Sphaerulina Sacc.
Aigialaceae Suetrong, Sakayaroj, E. B. G. Jones, Kohlm.,
Stigmidium Trevis.
Volkm.-Kohlm. & C. L. Schoch*
Wernerella Nav.-Ros., Roux & Giralt
Aigialus S. Schatz & Kohlm.
Ascocratera Kohlm.*
Piedraiaceae Viegas ex Cif., Bat. & Campos
Rimora Kohlm., Volkm.-Kohlm., Suetrong, Sakayaroj
Piedraia Fons. & Leao
& E. B. G. Jones*
Dothideales Lindau
Amniculicolaceae Yin. Zhang, C. L. Schoch, J. Fourn.,
Dothideaceae Chevall.
Crous & K. D. Hyde*
lAuerswaldia Sacc.
Amniculicola Y. Zhang & K. D. Hyde*
IBagnisiella Speg.
Murispora Yin. Zhang, C. L. Schoch, J. Fourn., Crous &
ICoccostromella Petr.
K. D. Hyde*
Dictyodothis Theiss. & Syd.
Neomassariosphaeria Yin. Zhang, J. Fourn. & K. D. Hyde*
Dothidea Fr.
Lucidascocarpa A. Ferrer, Raja & Shearer*
Cucurbitariaceae G. Winter
Mycoporis Clem.
Cucurbitaria Gray
Omphalosporci Theiss. & Syd.
Curreya Sacc.
Pachysacca Syd.
?Rhytidiella Zalasky
?Phyllachorella Syd.
Syncarpella Theiss. & Syd.
Scirrhia Nitschke ex Fuckel
Stylodothis Arx & E. Miill. Delitschiaceae M. E. Barr
IVestergrenia Rehm Delitschia Auersw.
4 FIELDIANA: LIFE AND EARTH SCIENCES