Mutual Influence in Situations of Spanish Language Contact in the Americas

232 Pages·2022·8.103 MB·

by  Mark Waltermire, Kathryn Bove

Mutual Influence in Situations of Spanish
Language Contact in the Americas
Mutual Influence in Situations of Spanish Language Contact in the Americas
focuses on the structural results of contact between Spanish and Maya, Quechua,
Guarani, Portuguese, and English in the Americas. This edited volume explores
the various ways in which these languages affect the linguistic structure of Spanish
in situations of language contact, and also how Spanish impacts their linguistic
structure.
Across ten chapters, this book offers a broad survey of bidirectional influence in
Spanish contact situations both geographically (in the US Southwest, the Yucatán
Peninsula, the Andean regions of Ecuador and Peru, and the Southern Cone) and
structurally (in the areas of phonetics, phonology, morphosyntax, semantics, and
pragmatics). By examining the potential structural effects that two languages
have on one another, it provides a novel and more holistic perspective on mutual
linguistic influence than that of previous work on language contact.
The volume serves as a reference on mutual influence in bilingual language
varieties and will be of interest to researchers, scholars, and graduate students in
Hispanic linguistics, and more broadly in language contact.
Mark Waltermire is an Associate Professor of Linguistics at New Mexico State
University, USA.
Kathryn Bove is an Assistant Professor in the Languages and Linguistics
Department at New Mexico State University, USA.
Routledge Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics
Series Editor: Dale Koike, University of Texas at Austin
The Routledge Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics series provides
a showcase for the latest research on Spanish and Portuguese Linguistics. It
publishes select research monographs on various topics in the field, reflecting
strands of current interest.
Titles in the series:
Sociolinguistic Approaches to Sibilant Variation in Spanish
Edited by Eva Núñez
Heritage Speakers of Spanish and Study Abroad
Edited by Rebecca Pozzi, Tracy Quan and Chelsea Escalante
Topics in Spanish Linguistic Perceptions
Edited by Luis Alfredo Ortiz-López and Eva-María Suárez Büdenbender
Comunicación especializada y divulgación en la red
aproximaciones basadas en corpus
Gianluca Pontrandolfo y Sara Piccioni
Spanish in Miami
Sociolinguistic Dimensions of Postmodernity
Andrew Lynch
Spanish Verbalisations and the Internal Structure of Lexical Predicates
Antonio Fábregas
Comunicación estratégica para el ejercicio del liderazgo femenino
Edited by Catalina Fuentes Rodríguez and Ester Brenes Peña
Mutual Influence in Situations of Spanish Language Contact in the
Americas
Edited by Mark Waltermire and Kathryn Bove
Language Practices and Processes among Latin Americans in Europe
Edited by Rosina Márquez Reiter and Adriana Patiño-Santos
For more information about this series please visit: https://www .routledge. com /
Routledge- Studies -in -Hispanic -and -Lusophone -Linguistics/ book -series /RSHLL
Mutual Influence in Situations
of Spanish Language
Contact in the Americas
Edited by Mark Waltermire
and Kathryn Bove
Series Editor: Dale A. Koike
Spanish List Advisor: Javier Muñoz-Basols
First published 2023
by Routledge
4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2023 selection and editorial matter, Mark Waltermire and Kathryn Bove;
individual chapters, the contributors
The right of Mark Waltermire and Kathryn Bove to be identified as the
authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual
chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or
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registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation
without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Waltermire, Mark, editor. | Bove, Kathryn, editor.
Title: Mutual influence in situations of Spanish language contact in the
Americas/edited by Mark Waltermire and Kathryn Bove.
Description: Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2023. |
Series: Routledge studies in Hispanic and Lusophone linguistics |
Includes bibliographical references.
Identifiers: LCCN 2022029240 (print) | LCCN 2022029241 (ebook) |
Subjects: LCSH: Languages in contact–America. |
Spanish language–America. |
Linguistic minorities–America. | LCGFT: Essays.
Classification: LCC P130.52.A45 M88 2023 (print) |
LCC P130.52.A45 (ebook) | DDC 306.44/6097–dc23/eng/20220917
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022029240
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022029241
ISBN: 978-0-367-65130-5 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-367-65131-2 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-12798-7 (ebk)
DOI: 10.4324/9781003127987
Typeset in Times New Roman
by Deanta Global Publishing Services, Chennai, India
Contents
List of figures vii
List of tables ix
List of contributors xi
Foreword xvi
Acknowledgments xviii
List of abbreviations xix
Introduction 1
MARK WALTERMIRE AND KATHRYN BOVE
1 Simplification in bilinguals’ parallel structures?: Spanish
and English main-and-complement clauses 7
DORA LaCASSE AND RENA TORRES CACOULLOS
2 Structural impact of Spanish on English in the Southwest 29
ERIK R. THOMAS
3 Quantification and mood selection: Monolingual vs.
bilingual speakers of Yucatec Spanish 48
KATHRYN BOVE
4 Spanish loan verbs in Yucatec Maya 71
GRANT ARMSTRONG
5 Intervocalic /s/ voicing in the Andean Spanish of
southern Peru 93
CAROL A. KLEE, BRANDON M. A. ROGERS, MÓNICA DE LA FUENTE IGLESIAS,
AND JAMES RAMSBURG
vi Contents
6 Variation in predicate constituent order in Southern
Peruvian Quechua 117
SARAH HUBBEL
7 Guarani influence on Spanish in contact situations:
A comparison between Paraguayan and Correntino Spanish 134
BRUNO ESTIGARRIBIA, JUSTIN PINTA, AND ERNESTO LUIS LÓPEZ ALMADA
8 A variationist account of differential object marking as a
contact feature in Paraguayan Guarani 158
JOSEFINA BITTAR
9 The influence of Portuguese on the realization of
intervocalic /bdɡ/ in Border Uruguayan Spanish 178
MARK WALTERMIRE
10 Code-mixing as a salient marker of identity on the
Brazilian–Uruguayan border 196
TATIANA RIBEIRO do AMARAL
Figures
1.1 Native Hispanic population according to language spoken in the
home and level of English in New Mexico 11
1.2 Productivity of subjunctive: Subjunctive and frequency in Spanish
and French 16
1.3 Productivity of subjunctive: Proportion of hapax legomena main
clause verbs versus main clause verbs with two or more tokens 16
1.4 Subjunctive rate in bilinguals’ Spanish main-and-complement clauses 19
1.5 Overall complementizer that rates in corpora of spoken English 20
1.6 Frequent main clause lexical types in main-and-complement clauses 21
1.7 Rate of complementizer that in bilinguals’ English main-and-
complement clauses 23
3.1 Normalized acceptance rates of subjunctive and indicative for
downward entailing (DEQ) and upward entailing (UEQ) quantifiers 59
3.2 Downward entailing quantifiers and mood acceptance 60
3.3 Upward entailing quantifiers 61
3.4 Downward entailing quantifiers and negated matrix clauses 62
3.5 Upward entailing quantifiers and affirmative matrix clauses 63
4.1 Integration of Spanish borrowings 87
5.1 Approximate distribution of Quechua dialects in Peru and
adjacent areas 95
5.2 Spanish dialect regions of Ecuador and Peru 96
5.3 Measuring voiced segment duration in más 103
5.4 Percentage voicing by speaker 109
5.5 The range of voicing by speaker 109
6.1 Percentage of OV/VO order across participants 126
6.2 Linear regression model output with extralinguistic factors 127
6.3a Normalized frequency of VO order across bilingual type, language
dominance, and BLP score 127
6.3b Normalized frequency of VO order across bilingual type, language
dominance, and BLP scores (no outliers) 128
viii Figures
7.1 A map of the Rioplatense macrovariety with the Paraguayan
variety in the north and the Correntino variety in the center 135
8.1 Rate of DOM usage per speaker 171
9.1 Map of Uruguay 180
9.2 Rates of variant use (in percentages) for intervocalic /b/, /d/, and /ɡ/ 187
9.3 Use of language-specific variants of /bdɡ/ in the Spanish of Rivera 188
9.4 Scatter plot diagram of percentage of Portuguese variant use by age 191
Tables
1.1 Overall subjunctive rates in French and Spanish speech corpora 15
1.2 Linguistic conditioning of complement clause subjunctive vs.
indicative according to main clause factors: Direction of effect in
monolingual and in bilinguals’ Spanish 18
1.3 Linguistic conditioning of complementizer that presence vs.
absence: Direction of effect and contextual distributions in
monolingual varieties and in bilinguals’ English 22
2.1 Vocalic features of MxAE 35
2.2 Consonantal features of MxAE 39
4.1 Morphological profiles of N-roots 79
4.2 Morphological profiles of multivalent U-roots 79
4.3 Morphological profiles of inactive U-roots 80
4.4 Morphological profiles of active U-roots 80
4.5 Spanish words and expressions by category 82
4.6 Distribution of borrowed verbs in the corpus 82
4.7 Morphological profiles of active U-roots 83
5.1 Mean percent voicing by age group and gender (N = 1,387) 99
5.2 Summary of mixed-effects linear regression model with voicing
as a continuous dependent variable (F(1, 16.940) = 3,134.057,
p < 0.0001) 104
5.3 /s/ voicing according to position in the word 105
5.4 /s/ voicing according to stress 105
5.5 /s/ voicing according to following vowel 105
5.6 Correlation between voicing and speech rate 106
5.7 /s/ voicing by sex 106
5.8 /s/ voicing by social group 107
5.9 Percent /s/ voicing by social group and sex 107
5.10 /s/ voicing by age 107
5.11 Percent /s/ voicing by social group and age 108
5.12 Characteristics of the participants 116
6.1 Order of topicalized and focalized constituents 120
6.2 Participant demographic data 121
6.3 Participant linguistic profile data 122