Mustafa Âli's Epic Deeds of Artists (Islamic History and Civilization)

601 Pages·2011·4.48 MB·English

by  Esra Akin

#
Mustafa Âli’s Epic Deeds of Artists
Islamic History
and Civilization
EditorialBoard
Sebastian Günther
Wadad Kadi
VOLUME87
Thetitlespublishedinthisseriesarelistedatbrill.nl/ihc.
#
Mustafa Âli’s
Epic Deeds of Artists
A Critical Edition of the Earliest Ottoman Text about
the Calligraphers and Painters of the Islamic World
Edited,translatedandcommentedby
Esra Akın-Kıvanç
LEIDEN•BOSTON
2011
Coverillustration:LalaMustafaPashaandMustafa#Âli(topleft)visitingthetombofJalal
al-DinRumiinKonya,fromNusretname(TheBookofVictory,TKSH.1365,f.36r).Courtesyof
TopkapıPalaceMuseumLibrary.
Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepaper.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Âli,MustafabinAhmet,1541-1599.
[Menakib-ihünerveran.English&Turkish]
MustafáAli'sEpicdeedsofartists:acriticaleditionoftheearliestOttomantextaboutthe
calligraphersandpaintersoftheIslamicworld/edited,translated,andcommentedbyEsra
Akin.
p.cm.–(Islamichistoryandcivilization;v.87)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978-90-04-17872-4(hardback:alk.paper)
1.Artists–Turkey–Biography–Earlyworksto1800.2.Arts–Turkey–Earlyworksto1800.I.
Akın,Esra.II.Title.III.Title:CriticaleditionoftheearliestOttomantextaboutthe
calligraphersandpaintersoftheIslamicworld.IV.Series.
N7172.A452011
709.2'2561–dc22
[B]
2011016207
ISSN0929-2403
ISBN9789004178724
Copyright2011byKoninklijkeBrillNV,Leiden,TheNetherlands.
KoninklijkeBrillNVincorporatestheimprintsBrill,GlobalOriental,HoteiPublishing,
IDCPublishers,MartinusNijhoffPublishersandVSP.
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,translated,storedin
aretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,
photocopying,recordingorotherwise,withoutpriorwrittenpermissionfromthepublisher.
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Feesaresubjecttochange.
CONTENTS
Acknowledgements................................................... vii
NoteonTranscriptionandTranslation .............................. ix
TransliterationSystem................................................ xiii
ListofAbbreviations.................................................. xv
ListofFigures......................................................... xvii
ANoteonThreeWords:Rum,qalam,qit#a.......................... xix
INTRODUCTION
Preface ................................................................ 3
ChapterOne.Mustafa#ÂliandtheEpicDeedsofArtists ............ 17
.LifeandWorkofMustafa#ÂliofGallipoli ..................... 17
.PreviousScholarshipontheEpicDeedsofArtists.............. 27
.StructureandContentoftheText .............................. 33
.ManuscriptandPrintedVersionsoftheText .................. 40
.DateofCompositionandAuthorship.......................... 62
.TheStemma ..................................................... 64
.SynopsisofRelationshipsamongManuscriptVersions........ 68
.TheText’sWrittenandOralSources............................ 83
ChapterTwo.BackgroundandSignificance......................... 87
.TheText’sHistoricalModels .................................... 87
.MotivationsforMustafa#Âli’sAuthorshipoftheEpicDeeds
ofArtists ......................................................... 93
.TheText’sLanguageandLiteraryStyleinRelationtoMustafa
#Âli’sAuthorship ................................................ 112
.GuidelinestotheComponentsofMustafa#Âli’s
Art-HistoricalWriting .......................................... 117
.Conclusion:TheText’sLimitationsandItsContributionsto
theFieldofArtHistory......................................... 133
TEXT
Translation.EpicDeedsofArtists..................................... 159
Transcription.Mena¯qıb-ıHüner-vera¯n .............................. 287
vi contents
Bibliography .......................................................... 425
AppendixA.ArtisticLineage ........................................ 435
AppendixB.BiographicalInformationonArtists................... 451
Glossary............................................................... 481
IndexofPersonalNames ............................................. 483
GeneralIndex......................................................... 489
Facsimile
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This project involved several stagesof researchand writing that spread
overdifferent geographicalareasoversixyears.During thistime, Imet
and worked with many valuable scholars, researchers, linguists, and
librarians, all of whom were generous enough to share their expertise
withme.Amongthem,IammostindebtedtoProfessorHowardCrane
of the Ohio State University, for bringing Mustafa #Âli’s Epic Deeds of
Artiststomyattentionandforencouragingmetoundertakethisdifficult
project. Without his vast knowledge of the field and his intellectual
support,thisstudywouldnothavebeenpossible.
Dr. Müge Galın of the Ohio State University spent countless nights
with me reading through Mustafa #Âli’s mind-boggling lines and help-
ingmewithpatienceonthemostlaboriousstagesofthisproject.Sharon
Estescarriedmymanuscriptwithhertodifferentcontinentsandedited
itwithcarewhileshetraveled andpursuedherownstudies.Theircon-
tributiontothisbookisimmense,andIamindebtedtobothofthem.
Myspecialthankstotheeditors ofBrillAcademicPublishers:Trudy
Kamperveen,whogavemethemuch-neededencouragementtostartthis
project;KathyvanVlietandDebbiedeWit,who,withlimitlesskindness
andpatience,stoodbymeasIconcludedit.
IwouldalsoliketothankProfessorMahdiAloshoftheUnitedStates
Military Academy at West Point, Dr. Ertug˘rul Ökten of the Sabancı
University, Drs.ParvanehPourshariatiandSnjezana BuzovoftheOhio
StateUniversity,Dr.KayaS¸ahinoftheUniversityofTulane,andProfessor
NuranTezcanofBilkentUniversityforansweringmyinquiriesaboutthe
knottyArabic,Persian,andOttomanpartsofthetext.
Thekind assistanceofthestaffsoftheTopkapıSarayı Müzesi (Istan-
bul), Süleymaniye Kütüphanesi(Istanbul),˙IstanbulÜniversitesi Kütüp-
hanesi, Bayezid Devlet Kütüphanesi (Istanbul), Hacı Selim Ag˘a Kütüp-
hanesi(Istanbul),MilliKütüphane(Ankara),andespeciallyofTürkTarih
Kurumu(Ankara)andKırkpınarHalkKütüphanesi(Edirne)wasessen-
tial to the completion of this project. I am particularly thankful to Dr.
Sanaa Makhlouf of the American University of Cairo who has been
extremelykindandhelpfulinmysearchfortheCairomanuscripts.
TheresearchforthisprojectwassupportedbyagrantfromtheAmer-
icanResearchInstituteinTurkey(ARIT)andbythePresidentialFellow-
viii acknowledgements
shipfromTheOhioStateUniversity.Iamgratefultobothoftheseinsti-
tutions for giving me their generoussupport.I am also thankful to the
Topkapı Palace Museum, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and to the
HarvardArtMuseumforgrantingmepermissiontoreproducesomeof
the images used in this book. I owe special thanks to Professor Walter
DennyoftheUniversity ofMassachusettsfor allowing meaccessto his
visualcollection.
I also wish to thank Professors James Morganstern (Mr. M.), John
Huntington, and Andrew Shelton for their inspiration and mentorship
while I was a graduate student at the Ohio State University. Through
encouragement, friendship, and constructive criticism, they helped
shapeandrefinemyidentityasascholarandteacher.
Finally, I am forever indebted to two special persons: to Ms. Ay¸se
AtamanforhelpingmepursuemyacademictrainingintheUnitedStates,
andtomyhusband,OsmanKıvanç,forsharingmewithMustafa#Âliand
forsupportingmewithlove,humor,patience,andculinaryfeasts.From
them,Ilearnedmanythingsthatbooksdonotteach.
EsraAkın-Kıvanç
Chicago
June
NOTEONTRANSCRIPTIONANDTRANSLATION
ThesystemoftranscriptionusedherefollowsthatdescribedbyEleazar
Birnbaum in his article in the Journal of the American Oriental Society
,(),–, exceptforthefactthatIhaveusedtheletterqto
indicate the qaf (for variations in Arabic and Persian alphabet, see the
followingTransliteration System).Asthetextdatestothelate sixteenth
century,it istranscribedin accordancewithwhatisassumedtobe Old
Anatolianphonology.
The text contains a vast number of personal names of Turkish, Ara-
bic and Persian origin. In the English sections of the book, in order
to minimize thefrequency oftransitions amongthetransliteration sys-
temsofthesethreelanguages,Turkishnames,regardlessoftheirorigin,
are transliterated in accordance with the rules of Arabic orthography
(except in the footnotes where names that precede biographical infor-
mation are transcribed according to their respective systems). Accord-
ingly,thenameOsmanistransliteratedas#Uthman,SuyolcuzadeasSu-
yoljizada, andSadeddin asSa#dal-Din.Theexceptiontothisruleisthe
differentiationofthenameMeh.emmedinaTurkishcontext(“Mehmed”
in translation) from the Arabic Muh.ammad (“Muhammad” in transla-
tion).
For the purposesof the specialized researcher,book titles in Arabic,
Persian, and Ottoman are transcribed according to the orthography
of their respective systems (for example, Tuh.fa-"e Sa¯m¯ı and Tuh.fe-"i
Hat.t.a¯t.¯ın) and English translations are included in parentheses. Where
˘
an Ottoman, Persian, or Arabic word is incorporated into the main
bodyoftheEnglishtext,thesearetranscribedaccordingtotherulesof
Arabic orthography (for example, Banat al-na#sh). References to terms
or phrases in Mustafa #Âli’s Ottoman text are included in parentheses
and transcribed according to the rules of Ottoman Turkish (such as,
Bena¯tü’n-na#¸s).InthefootnotestotheEnglishtext,referencestowords
in#Âli’sOttomantextarelikewisetranscribedasOttoman.
Inthetransliteration, whenArabic or Persian sentences,poems,and
prayersarenotincorporatedin anOttomanconstruction,theyareital-
icized (theseshouldnotbe confusedwithbookorpoemtitlesin Otto-
man, which are likewise italicized, but transcribed as Ottoman words)
and transcribed in accordance with the system commonly used for