Muslims in Western Politics

316 Pages·2008·10.102 MB·English

by  Abdulkader H. Sinno

MUSLIMS
IN
WESTERN
POLITICS

MUSLIMS

IN
WESTERN
POLITICS
Edited by Abdulkader H. Sinno
Indiana University Press
Bloomington and Indianapolis
Th is book is a publication of
Indiana University Press
601 North Morton Street
Bloomington, IN 47404- 3797 USA
h ttp://i upress. indiana. edu
Telephone orders 800- 842- 6796
Fax orders 812-8 55-7 931
Orders by e-mail [email protected]
© 2009 by Indiana University Press
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by
any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing
from the publisher. Th e Association of American University Presses’ Resolution
on Permissions constitutes the only exception to this prohibition.
Th e paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of Ameri-
can National Standard for Information S ciences—Permanence of Paper for
Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48- 1984.
Manufactured in the United States of America
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Muslims in Western politics / edited by Abdulkader H. Sinno.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-253-35247-7 (cloth : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-253-22024-0
(pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Muslims—Western countries. 2. Muslims—Europe,
Western—Politics and government—Congresses. 3. Muslims—United
States—Politics and government—Congresses. 4. Muslims—Canada—
Politics and government—Congresses. 5. Muslims—Government
policy—Europe, Western—Congresses. 6. Muslims—Government
policy—United States—Congresses. 7. Muslims—Government policy—
Canada—Congresses. 8. Europe, Western—Politics and government—
1989—Congresses. 9. United States—Politics and government—
2001—Congresses. 10. Canada— Politics and government—
1980—Congresses. I. Sinno, Abdulkader H., date
D842.42.M87M87 2008
305.6'97091821—dc22
2008019717
1 2 3 4 5 14 13 12 11 10 09
To those who speak truth to power
To those who suff er because of others’ fears

Contents
Ac know ledg ments · ix
Note on Transliteration · xi
1 An Institutional Approach to the Politics of Western Muslim
Minorities · Abdulkader H. Sinno · 1
Part One · Western Muslims and Established State- Religion Relations
2 Claiming Space in America’s Pluralism: Muslims Enter the Po liti cal
Maelstrom · Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad and Robert Stephen Ricks · 13
3 Th e Practice of Th eir Faith: Muslims and the State in Britain, France, and
Germany · J. Christopher Soper and Joel S. Fetzer · 35
4 Religion, Muslims, and the State in Britain and France: From Westphalia
to 9/11 · Jorgen S. Nielsen · 50
Part Two · Western Muslims and Po liti cal Institutions
5 Muslim Underrepre sen ta tion in American Politics
Abdulkader H. Sinno · 69
6 Muslims Representing Muslims in Eur ope: Parties and Associations
aft er 9/11 · Jytte Klausen · 96
7 Muslims in UK Institutions: Eff ective Repre sen ta tion or
Tokenism? · Abdulkader H. Sinno and Eren Tatari · 113
viii · Contents
Part Th ree · Institutional Underpinnings of Perceptions of Western
Muslims
8 How Eu rope and Its Muslim Populations See Each Other · Jodie T. Allen
and Richard Wike · 137
9 Public Opinion toward Muslim Americans: Civil Liberties and the Role of
Religiosity, Ideology, and Media Use · Erik C. Nisbet, Ronald Ostman, and
James Shanahan · 161
10 Th e Racialization of Muslim Americans · Amaney Jamal · 200
Part Four · Western Muslims, Civil Rights, and Legal Institutions
11 Canadian National Security Policy and Canadian Muslim
Communities · Kent Roach · 219
12 Counterterrorism and the Civil Rights of Muslim Minorities in the
Eur op ea n U nion · Anja D algaard-N ielsen · 245
13 Th e Preventive Paradigm and the Rule of Law: How Not to Fight
Terrorism · David Cole · 264
14 Recommendations for Western Policy Makers and Muslim
Organizations · Abdulkader H. Sinno · 278
List of Contributors · 289
Index · 293
Ack nowl edgm ents
Th is volume is based on the contributions to the “Muslims in Western Politics”
conference that I convened at Indiana University on September 22–24, 2005. It
would not have been possible without the strong support of IU unit heads, faculty,
and administrators to bring some of the best researchers in the fi eld to this
conference.
Th is project owes much to wonderful visionary colleagues at IU. It began with
a conversation and encouragement from Robert Rohrschneider, then director of
the Center for West Eu ro pe an Studies. Both he and Fritz Breithaupt, who suc-
ceeded him as director, provided me with the kind of necessary advice that only
h ard-e arned experience would otherwise bring. Ted Carmines helped fund the
conference and convince fi rst- rate scholars to participate, and infused the pro cess
with his legendary bonhomie. I also acknowledge the support of two more superb
colleagues for their participation and support, Jeff Isaac and Nazif Shahrani.
I acknowledge the generous sponsorship of the Center for the Study of Global
Change, the Center for West Eu ro pe an Studies (WEST), the Middle Eastern and
Islamic Studies Program (MEISP), the Department of Po liti cal Science, the Offi ce
of the Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences, the Offi ce of the Dean of Facul-
ties, the Offi ce of the Chancellor, the IU School of Law, the College Arts and Hu-
manities Institute, the Barr Koon Fund, the Department of French and Italian,
the Offi ce of International Programs, the American Studies Program, the Center
for Citizenship and Participation, and the Center for the Study of American Poli-
tics. Th ese Indiana University units fi nanced the conference and the research as-
sistance that helped produce this book.