Muslim Ethiopia: The Christian Legacy, Identity Politics, and Islamic Reformism PDF
Preview Muslim Ethiopia: The Christian Legacy, Identity Politics, and Islamic Reformism
Muslim Ethiopia This page intentionally left blank Muslim Ethiopia The Christian Legacy, Identity Politics, and Islamic Reformism Editedby Patrick Desplat and Terje Østebø MUSLIMETHIOPIA Copyright©PatrickDesplatandTerjeØstebø,2013. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2013 978-1-137-32529-7 Allrightsreserved. Firstpublishedin2013by PALGRAVEMACMILLAN® intheUnitedStates—adivisionofSt.Martin’sPressLLC, 175FifthAvenue,NewYork,NY10010. WherethisbookisdistributedintheUK,Europeandtherestofthe World,thisisbyPalgraveMacmillan,adivisionofMacmillanPublishers Limited,registeredinEngland,companynumber785998,of Houndmills,Basingstoke,HampshireRG216XS. PalgraveMacmillanistheglobalacademicimprintoftheabove companiesandhascompaniesandrepresentativesthroughouttheworld. Palgrave®andMacmillan®areregisteredtrademarksintheUnited States,theUnitedKingdom,Europeandothercountries. ISBN 978-1-349-45931-5 ISBN 978-1-137-32209-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9781137322098 LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData MuslimEthiopia:theChristianlegacy,identitypolitics andIslamicreformism/PatrickDesplatandTerjeØstebø. p. cm. 1. Islam—Ethiopia. 2. Muslims—Ethiopia. 3. Ethiopia—Religion. I. Desplat,Patrick. II. Østebø,Terje. BP64.E8M872013 297.0963—dc23 2012042660 AcataloguerecordofthebookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. DesignbyIntegraSoftwareServices Firstedition:April2013 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents ListofFigures vii Acknowledgments ix Foreword xi BenjaminF.Soares Muslims in Ethiopia: The Christian Legacy, Identity Politics, andIslamicReformism 1 PatrickDesplatandTerjeØstebø Part I Capacities,Constraints,NewWaysofLiving 1 MuslimsStrugglingforRecognitioninContemporary Ethiopia 25 DerejeFeyissa 2 BeingYoung,BeingMusliminBale 47 TerjeØstebø 3 ReligiousChangeandtheRemakingofBoundariesamong MuslimAfarPastoralists 71 SimoneRettberg Part II Islam,Identity,andReform 4 TheFormationofTrans-ReligiousPilgrimageCentersin SoutheastEthiopia:SittiMuminaandtheFaraqasa Connection 91 MinakoIshihara 5 TheGenderingDiscourseintheDebatesofReligious Orthodoxy 115 MeronZeleke 6 WaliVeneratingPractices,IdentityPolitics,andIslamic ReformismamongtheSiltie 139 ZerihunA.Woldeselassie vi Contents 7 AgainstWahhabism?IslamicReform,Ambivalence,and SentimentsofLossinHarar 163 PatrickDesplat Part III EthiopianMuslimsandtheHornofAfrica 8 Islam,War,andPeaceintheHornofAfrica 187 HaggaiErlich 9 TransborderIslamicActivismintheHornofAfrica,the CaseofTadamun—theEthiopianMuslimBrotherhood? 201 StigJarleHansen 10 AhluSunnawal-Jama’ainSomalia 215 RolandMarchalandZakariaM.Sheikh Postscript 241 TerjeØstebø ListofContributors 259 Index 261 List of Figures 3.1 ThecasestudyareawithinEthiopia 73 3.2 ThenewmosqueinLeas(2009)(Photo:Simone Rettberg) 79 4.1 PilgrimagecentersoftheFaraqasaconnection 93 4.2 GubbaQoricharesidenceofSittiMumina(Photo: MinakoIshihara) 96 4.3 TherockwhereSittiMuminawasconverted(Photo: MinakoIshihara) 96 4.4 Hadrabet builtatZaliba(Photo:MinakoIshihara) 98 4.5 TheQubbaofShaykhAliJami(Photo:MinakoIshihara) 98 4.6 Thehadrabet ofGubbaGuutu(Photo:MinakoIshihara) 99 4.7 Thehadrabet atAraya(Photo:MinakoIshihara) 100 4.8 TheQubbaandtheSegennet 101 4.9 TheQubbaofSittiMumina(Photo:MinakoIshihara) 101 4.10 TheSegennet(Photo:MinakoIshihara) 102 4.11 LayoutofthebuildingsinthecompoundofSegennet 102 4.12 Thecollectivepossessionceremony(Photo:Minako Ishihara) 106 This page intentionally left blank Acknowledgments The thematic focus of this book grew out of a series of scholarly discussions over the past decade between Terje Østebø and Patrick Desplat. Several chapters of the book were initially presented at the workshop“TransformingIdentitiesandNewRepresentationsofMuslims inContemporaryEthiopia,”organizedbytheeditorsattheUniversityof Bergen in September 2010. We gratefully acknowledge the many ways in which colleagues who participated in the workshop contributed to its success. To broaden the regional and thematic scope of the volume, weinvitedadditionalcontributions(MeronZeleke,RolandMarchal,and ZakariaM.Sheekh).WearegratefultotheUniversityofBergen,Christian Michelsen Institute (Bergen), NLA University College (Bergen), and Zentrum Moderner Orient (Berlin) for generously funding the work- shop. Thanks go also to the discussants, Lovise Aalen, Johan Helland, andBenjaminF.Soares,forprovidingimportantscholarlyinputs. WethankIntegraSoftwareServicesfortheireditorialwork. Anyeditedvolumethatbringstogetheressayscoveringhistoricallyand ethnographically diverse Muslim societies and languages poses consid- erable challenges with regard to uniform transliteration of the different dialectsofArabicandotherlanguagesspokeninthesesocieties(Amharic, Oromo,Gurage,andGeSinan).Toensureconsistencyintransliteration, we adopted simplified Arabic transliteration, leaving out diacritics. The pluralofwordshasbeenformedbytheadditionofan“s”tothesingular, exceptinsuchcasesasulamaandawliainwhichthetransliteratedplural formhasbecomestandard. During the initial organization of the workshop, our colleague and friend Prof. Hussein Ahmed from the History Department of the Addis Ababa University (AAU) in Ethiopia passed away all of a sudden. He wasaninternationallyrenownedscholaronIslaminEthiopiaandwould havecontributedtothesuccessofthisbookinmanyways.Wewouldlike to dedicate this volume to him and his tireless efforts to study Islam in Ethiopia. We also would like to thank Burke Gerstenschlager, Lani Oshima, Devon Wolfkiel at Palgrave Macmillan, and Flora Kenson at Integra SoftwareServicesforterrificassistanceinthepublicationprocess. PatrickDesplat,Cologne(Germany),andTerjeØstebø, Gainesville(theUSA),May2012
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