Music and Cyberliberties Celestial Jukebox by Rob Sussman P A T R I C K B U R KA RT ✺ Music and Cyberliberties ✺ wesle yan unive rsit y press Middletown, Connecticut Published by Wesleyan University Press, Middletown, CT 06459 www.wesleyan.edu/wespress © 2010 by Patrick Burkart All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Burkart, Patrick, 1969– Music and cyberliberties / Patrick Burkart. p. cm. — (Music/culture) Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-0-8195-6917-2 (cloth : alk. paper) — isbn 978-0-8195-6918-9 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Music and the Internet. 2. Sound recording industry. 3. Internet —Social aspects. I. Title. ml3790.b847 2009 306.4(cid:1)842--dc22 2009036025 Wesleyan University Press is a member of the Green Press Initiative. The paper used in this book meets their minimum requirement for recycled paper. Contents ✺ Acknowledgments vii List of Abbreviations ix Introduction 1 1. Saving a Place for Music 15 2. Creating the Music Lifeworld Online 34 3. Culture Clashes on the Internet 65 4. Projects and Prospects 94 5. Ethics and Aesthetics 124 6. Conclusion 137 Appendix: The Future of Music Coalition Manifesto 140 Notes 143 References 149 Index 167 This page intentionally left blank Acknowledgments ✺ I am grateful to Vinny Mosco, who provided inspiration for this project. Encouragement and considerable assistance came from my friends and col- leagues, including Tom McCourt, Eric Rothenbuhler, John Downing, Harris M. Berger, Kembrew McLeod, Jim Aune, Linda Putnam, and Char- ley Conrad. Joel Schalit, Brock Craft, and Joseph Lopez provided feedback at all stages of this project, and Mike Godwin, Gwen Hinze, Wendy Seltzer, and Fred von Lohmann made themselves accessible for my many questions. Thanks to Kip Keller for preparing my manuscript, and to the Melbern G. Glasscock Center for Humanities Research, the Ford Foundation Program on Media, Arts, and Culture, and the Texas A&M University European Union Center for providing support for this research. This page intentionally left blank Abbreviations ✺ AAC advanced audio coding AAIM American Association of Independent Music ACLU American Civil Liberties Union ACME Action Coalition for Media Education ALA American Library Association A&R artist and repertoire ARPANET Advanced Research Projects Agency Network ASCAP American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers AT&T American Telephone and Telegraph A2K Access to Knowledge BBS bulletin board system BLO Barbie Liberation Organization BMI Broadcast Music Inc. BMG Bertelsmann Music Group CDD Center for Digital Democracy CFP Computers, Freedom, and Privacy CIMA Center for International Media Action CODEC coder-decoder language COO chief operating oYcer CPSR Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility CRIS Communication Rights in the Information Society CRM customer relationship management CSS content-scrambling system CVS concurrent versions system DDoS distributed denial of service DIY do-it-yourself DMCA Digital Millenium Copyright Act DMCRA Digital Media Consumer Rights Act