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Murder and Penal Policy PDF

321 Pages·1990·28.587 MB·English
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MURDER AND PENAL POLICY Murder and Penal Policy Barry Mitchell Barrister-at-Law, Senior Lecturer in Law, Coventry Polytechnic Palgrave Macmillan ISBN 978-0-333-49639-8 ISBN 978-1-349-20745-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-20745-9 © Barry Mitchell 1990 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1990 978-0-333-49638-1 All rights reserved. For information, write: Scholarly and Reference Division, St. Martin's Press, Inc., 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 First published in the United States of America in 1990 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mitchell, Barry, 1952- Murder and Penal Policy/Barry Mitchell. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-312-03994-3 I. Murder-England. 2. Life imprisonment-England. I. Title. HV6535.G42E545 1990 365' .941-dc20 89-39640 CIP Contents List of Abbreviations VI List of Tables Vll Table of Cases viii Table of Statutes X Acknowledgements XI Introduction Xll PART I A LEGAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF MURDER 1 The Law: Present and Future 3 2 An Examination of Murder 40 3 Brief Sketches of the Cases 74 4 Future Definitions and Concepts of Murder 128 PART II THE MANAGEMENT OF LIFE-SENTENCE PRISONERS 5 Life Imprisonment: Policy and Practice 139 6 Methodology 177 7 An Analysis of the Interviews and Prison Records 188 8 A Sample of the Interviews with Lifers 217 9 Some Thoughts and Suggestions of Managers and Staff 271 10 Conclusions and Implications 285 Awm~A ~ Appendix B 297 Bibliography 307 Index 309 v List of Abbreviations CLRC Criminal Law Revision Committee CRC Control Review Committee DPMS Directorate of the Prison Medical Service LCJ Lord Chief Justice LRC Local Review Committee PRES Pre-Release Employment Scheme RAG Research and Advisory Group YCC Youth Custody Centre (known as a Young Offender Institution by virtue of the Criminal Justice Act 1988) yp Young Prisoners (or Young Offenders) VI List of Tables 2.1 Age of Defendants Convicted of Murder 44 2.2 Age of Defendants According to their Sex 45 2.3 Sentence According to Year of Conviction 57 2.4 Age of Victim of Murder 59 2.5 Relationship of Victim to Offender in Murder as Compared with Homicide Generally 62 2.6 Method of Killing in Murder and Homicide Generally 64 2.7 Surrounding Circumstances or Apparent Motives for Killing 65 2.8 Prior Readiness to Kill According to Surrounding Circumstances 70 2.9 Time of Day When Fatal Act was Committed 70 2.10 Where the Fatal Act was Committed 71 7.1 Time Served in Custody Since Sentence Passed 189 7.2 Number of Penal Establishments in which Lifers Served 190 7.3 Extent of Detention in Category C and/or D Prisons 191 7.4 Cases Where Category C was Omitted According to Year of Sentence 192 7.5 Lifers' Associates During Detention 198 7.6 Nature and Purpose of Educational and/or Vocational Training Courses During Detention 201 7.7 Lifers' Views on the Value of the Pre-Release Employment Scheme 202 7.8 Stage at Which Lifers Could Start to Consider the Future 205 7.9 Stage at Which Lifers Could Begin to Consider the Future by Previous Experience of Custody 207 vii Table of Cases Adams [1957) Crim. L.R. 365 Bateman (1925) 19 Cr. App. Rep. 8 Beer (1976) 63 Cr. App. R. 222 Belfon (1976) 63 Cr. App. R. 59. Bell [1985) 2 N.S.W.L.R. 466 Blaue (1975) 3 All E. R. 446 Brown [1972) 2 Q.B. 229 Burke (1983) 2 N.S.W.L.R. 93 Byrne (1960) 3 All E. R. 1. Cato (1976) 1 All E.R. 260 Cunningham (1982) A.C. 566 Davies (1975) 1 Q.B. 691 Dawson (1985) 81 Cr. App. R. 150 Director of Public Prosecutions v. Camplin (1978) 1 All E.R. 1236 Director of Public Prosecutions v. Newbury and Jones (1977) A.C. 500 Director of Public Prosecutions v. Smith (1961) A.C. 290 Duffy (1949) 1 All E.R. 932n. Dyson (1908) 2 K.B. 454 In re Findlay (1985) A.C. 318 Gittens (1984) Q.B. 698 Goodfellow (1986) 83 Cr. App. R. 23 Gray v. Barr (1971) 2 All E.R. 949 Hancock and Shankland (1985) 3 W.L.R. 1014 (C.A.) (1986) 2 W.L.R. 357 (H.L.) Hennigan (1971) 55 Cr. App. Rep. 262 Hyam v. Director of Public Prosecutions (1974) 2 All E.R. 41 Jordan (1956) 40 Cr. App. Rep. 152 Kong Cheuk Kwan v. R. (1985) 82 Cr. App. R. 18 Lawrence (1982) A.C. 510 People v. Lewis 124 Cal 551 (1899) Malcherek, Steel (1981) 2 All E.R. 422 Moloney (1985) 2 W.L.R. 648 Nedrick (1986]1 W.L.R. 1025 Pagett (1983) 76 Cr. App. R. 279 Pitts (1842) C & M 284 R v. Secretary of State for the Home Department. ex parte vm Table of Cases IX Handscomb and others (1987) 131 S.J. 326 Seymour (1983) 77 Cr. App. R. 215 Smith [1959] 2 All E.R. 193 Southern Portland Cement Ltd v. Cooper [1974] A.C. 623 Steane [1947] K.B. 997 Stone and Dobinson [1977] Q.B. 354 Tandy [1988] Crim. L.R. 308 Vickers [1957] 2 Q.B. 664 White [1910] 2 K.B. 124 Table of Statutes Children and Young Persons Act 1933. - section 53(1) and (2) Criminal Justice Act 1967 - sections 8 and 61 Criminal Justice Act 1982 - sections 8(1) and (2) and 12(7) Homicide Act 1957 - sections 2(1), 3 and 4 Murder (Abolition of Death Penalty) Act 1965 - section 1(1) and (2) Road Traffic Act 1972 - section 1 X

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