Lecture Notes in Computer Science 6886 CommencedPublicationin1973 FoundingandFormerSeriesEditors: GerhardGoos,JurisHartmanis,andJanvanLeeuwen EditorialBoard DavidHutchison LancasterUniversity,UK TakeoKanade CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,PA,USA JosefKittler UniversityofSurrey,Guildford,UK JonM.Kleinberg CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NY,USA AlfredKobsa UniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,CA,USA FriedemannMattern ETHZurich,Switzerland JohnC.Mitchell StanfordUniversity,CA,USA MoniNaor WeizmannInstituteofScience,Rehovot,Israel OscarNierstrasz UniversityofBern,Switzerland C.PanduRangan IndianInstituteofTechnology,Madras,India BernhardSteffen TUDortmundUniversity,Germany MadhuSudan MicrosoftResearch,Cambridge,MA,USA DemetriTerzopoulos UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,CA,USA DougTygar UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,CA,USA GerhardWeikum MaxPlanckInstituteforInformatics,Saarbruecken,Germany Claudio Sacchi Boris Bellalta Alexey Vinel Christian Schlegel Fabrizio Granelli Yan Zhang (Eds.) Multiple Access Communications 4th International Workshop, MACOM 2011 Trento, Italy, September 12-13, 2011 Proceedings 1 3 VolumeEditors ClaudioSacchi FabrizioGranelli UniversityofTrento,38050Povo,Italy E-mail:{sacchi,granelli}@disi.unitn.it BorisBellalta UniversitatPompeuFabra,08018Barcelona,Spain E-mail:[email protected] AlexeyVinel TampereUniversityofTechnology,33101Tampere,Finland E-mail:alexey.vinel@tut.fi ChristianSchlegel UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton,AB,T6G2V4,Canada E-mail:[email protected] YanZhang SimulaResearchLaboratory,1325Lysaker,Norway E-mail:[email protected] ISSN0302-9743 e-ISSN1611-3349 ISBN978-3-642-23794-2 e-ISBN978-3-642-23795-9 DOI10.1007/978-3-642-23795-9 SpringerHeidelbergDordrechtLondonNewYork LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2011935348 CRSubjectClassification(1998):C.2,H.4,K.6.5,D.4.6,C.2.4,H.3,D.2 LNCSSublibrary:SL5–ComputerCommunicationNetworksandTelecommuni- cations ©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2011 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,re-useofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting, reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublication orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965, initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.Violationsareliable toprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,etc.inthispublicationdoesnotimply, evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevantprotectivelaws andregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Typesetting:Camera-readybyauthor,dataconversionbyScientificPublishingServices,Chennai,India Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Preface Itisourgreatpleasuretopresenttheproceedingsofthe4thInternationalWork- shop on Multiple Access Communications (MACOM) that was held in Trento during September 12–13,2011. In 1961, Claude Shannon established the foundation for the discipline now known as “multi-user information theory” in his pioneering paper “Two-way Communication Channels”, and later Norman Abramson published his paper “The Aloha System - Another Alternative for Computer Communications” in 1970, which introduced the concept of multiple access using a shared common channel. Duringtheensuing40yearsofintensivestudy,numerouseleganttheoriesand algorithmshavebeendevelopedformultiple accesscommunications.During the 1980sand1990sthe evolutionofmultiple-accesstechniquesproceededalongside the evolution of wireless networks. Novel multiple-access techniques like code- division multiple-access (CDMA) and orthogonal frequency-division multiple- access (OFDMA) provided increased spectral efficiency and flexibility in radio resourceallocationaswellasintrinsicanti-multipathandanti-interferenceprop- erties.Inthisfirstdecadeofthetwenty-firstcentury,multiple-accesstechniques, derivedfrom advanced wireless transmissionmethodologies and based on diver- sityconcept,suchasMC-CDMA,MIMO-OFDMAandSC-FDMA,haveopened the doors to a resurgence of multiple-access. Modern multiple-access commu- nications involve a host of challenges, not limited to physical layer design as in the past. Medium-access control (MAC) techniques play a crucial role in managing the radio resources. Recent developments in software and cognitive radioshaveledto notableadvancesinspectrummanagement.Oldparadigmsof multiple-access management based on“locked”and“exclusive”reservation poli- cies of spectrum resources are being challenged by cognitive radios that allow activity sensing of the spectrum and to opportunistically occupy free parts of the spectrum. Technical contributions to all these topics were presented and discussed at MACOM 2011 and are included in this volume. We received more than 40 sub- missions for the conference. After a thorough review process, 21 high-quality papers were accepted for presentation at the workshop. Submissions received at least three reviews from the members of the Technical Program Committee and/or external reviewers. Our gratitude goes to the members of the Techni- cal ProgramCommittee and external reviewers for their efforts. MACOM 2011 included five distinguished invited keynote speakers: Reuven Cohen, Christian Schlegel, Mike Devetsikiotis, Enrico Buracchini, and Andrea Buldorini. Finally,wewouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressourgratitudetoour sponsorsandsupporters,togetherwiththelocalorganizers,whohelpedtomake MACOM 2011 a very successful event. A special thank you is given to Dajana VI Preface Cassioli, of Radiolabs (Italy), head of the IEEE Italian Chapter VT06/COM19 for her support in obtaining local IEEE support, to Susanna Spinsante of the University of Ancona (Italy), Industrial Chair of MACOM 2011, to Christian Facchini of the University of Trento (Italy), MACOM 2011 Web and Publicity Chair, to Cristina Cano of the University Pompeu Fabra of Barcelona (Spain), MACOM2011PublicationChairand,lastbutnotthe least,toMartinaLorenzi of the Conference Office of the University of Trento for her support in the local organization. September 2011 C. Sacchi B. Bellalta A. Vinel C. Schlegel F. Granelli Y. Zhang Organization MACOM2011wasorganizedbytheDISI(DepartmentofInformation,Engineer- ingandComputerScience)fromtheUniversityofTrento,Italy,theNeTS/DTIC (Networking Technologies and Strategies Research Group—Department of In- formation and Communication Technologies) from UPF (Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Spain, and the TUT (Tampere University of Technology),Finland. Executive Committee General Chair Claudio Sacchi University of Trento, Italy General Co-chairs Boris Bellalta Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Spain Alexey Vinel SPIIRAS, Russia TPC Chairs Christian Schlegel University of Alberta, Canada Fabrizio Granelli University of Trento, Italy Yan Zhang Simula Research Lab, Norway Publication Chair Cristina Cano Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Spain Web and Publicity Chair Christian Facchini University of Trento, Italy Ind. and Tech. Transfer Chair Susanna Spinsante Universita` Politecnica delle Marche, Italy Steering Committee Khalid Al-Begain University of Glamorgan,Pontypridd, UK Ernst Gabidulin MIPT, Russia Vitaly Gutin ETU“LETI”,Russia Angel Lozano Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Spain Felix Taubin SUAI, Russia VIII Organization Victor Zyablov IITP RAS, Russia Vladmir Vishnevsky IRE RAS, Russia Bernhard Walke RWTH Aachen University, Germany Technical Program Committee Sergey Andreev Tampere University of Technology,Finland Konstantin Avrachenkov INRIA Sophia Antipolis, France Florin Avram Universite de Pau, France Abdelmalik Bachir Imperial College London, UK Jaume Barcelo Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain Boris Bellalta Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Spain Giuseppe Bianchi University of Rome - Tor Vergata, Italy Torsten Braun University of Bern, Switzerland Raffaele Bruno IIT-CNR, Italy Peter Buchholz TU Dortmund, Germany Cristina Cano Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Spain Andrea Cattoni Aalborg University, Denmark Eduardo Cerqueira Federal University of Para, UFPA, Brazil Matteo Cesana Politecnico di Milano, Italy Periklis Chatzimisios Alexander TEI of Thessaloniki, Greece Young-June Choi Ajou University, Korea Claudio Cicconetti Intecs S.p.A., Italy Roberto Corvaja University of Padova,Italy Tugrul Dayar Bilkent University, Turkey Alexandre de Baynast European Microsoft Innovation Center, Germany Javier Del Ser Tecnalia Research and Innovation, Spain Alexander Dudin Belarusian State University, Belarus Alexey Dudkov NRPL Group, Finland Azadeh Faridi Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Spain Lorenzo Favalli University of Pavia,Italy Stanislav Filin NICT, Japan Istvan Frigyes Budapest University of Technologies,Hungary Olga Galinina Tampere University of Technology,Finland Fabrizio Granelli University of Trento, Italy Gaoning He Telecom ParisTech,France Geert Heijenk University of Twente, The Netherlands Andras Horvath University of Turin, Italy Gang Uk Hwang KAIST, Korea Hazer Inaltekin The University of Melbourne, Australia Eduard Jorswieck Dresden University of Technology,Germany Markku Juntti University of Oulu, Finland Valentina Klimenok Belarusian State University, Belarus Vinay Kolar Carnegie Mellon University, USA Yevgeni Koucheryavy Tampere University of Technology,Finland Organization IX David Malone NUI Maynooth, Ireland Michela Meo Politecnico di Torino, Italy Enzo Mingozzi University of Pisa, Italy Dmitri Moltchanov Tampere University of Technology,Finland Miquel Oliver Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Spain Dmitry Osipov IITP RAS, Russia Aleksi Penttinen TKK Helsinki University of Technology, Finland Vicent Pla Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Spain Claudio Sacchi University of Trento, Italy Zsolt Saffer Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary Alexander Safonov Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Science, Russia Bruno Sericola INRIA Rennes - Bretagne Atlantique, France Pablo Serrano Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain Susanna Spinsante Universita` Politecnica delle Marche, Italy Dirk Staehle University of Wu¨rzburg, Germany Andrea Tonello University of Udine, Italy Rob van der Mei Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica, The Netherlands Maria-Angeles Vazquez-Castro Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona,Spain Alexey Vinel Saint Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation, Russia Hongyi Wu University of Louisiana at Lafayette, USA Yunpeng Zang RWTH Aachen, Germany Brad Zarikoff Simon Fraser University, Canada Yan Zhang Simula Research Laboratory and University of Oslo, Norway Referees Sergey Andreev Marc Emmelmann Dmitri Moltchanov Abdelmalik Bachir Christian Facchini Dmitry Osipov Jaume Barcelo Lorenzo Favalli Claudio Sacchi Boris Bellalta Istvan Frigyes Christian Schlegel Evgeny Belyaev Olga Galinina Susanna Spinsante Giuseppe Bianchi Majid Ghanbarinejad Dirk Staehle Raffaele Bruno Fabrizio Granelli Andrea Tonello Cristina Cano Marcel Jar Alexey Vinel Andrea Cattoni Alexander Klein Hongyi Wu Periklis Chatzimisios Yevgeni Koucheryavy Yan Zhang Claudio Cicconetti Witold Krzymie Olga Zlydareva Roberto Corvaja Ruizhi Liao Javier Del Ser Michela Meo X Organization Sponsors – IEEE ComSoc Technical Committee on Communications Systems Integration and Modeling (CSIM) – IEEE Italy Chapter VT06/COM 19 – AEIT - Fed. Italiana di Elettrotecnica,Elettronica,Automazione, Inform. e Telecom – Telecom Italia Acknowledgements – Wireless Networkingfor Moving Objects(WINEMO). IC0906COST action – Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (TEC2008-06055/TEC) – Foundations and Methodologies for Future Communication and Sensor Networks (COMONSENS). CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010 – Research Council of Norway (project number 202524).