Multifaceted Development and Application of Biopolymers for Biology, Biomedicine and Nanotechnology

349 Pages·2013·6.03 MB·English

by  P. K. Dutta

Advances in Polymer Science 254
P.K. Dutta
Joydeep Dutta Editors
Multifaceted
Development and
Application of
Biopolymers for
Biology, Biomedicine
and Nanotechnology
254
Advances in Polymer Science
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P.K. Dutta Joydeep Dutta
l
Editors
Multifaceted Development
and Application of
Biopolymers for Biology,
Biomedicine and
Nanotechnology
With contributions by
(cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1)
A.K. Anal S. Banerjee A. Bhowmick Y.M. Chabre
(cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1)
J. Dutta P.K. Dutta J. Gopikrishna M.K. Gupta
(cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1)
C. Haldar R. Jayakumar R. Kaur N. Kottari R. Kumar
(cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1)
P.P. Kundu H.T. Lee P. Maiti S. Maya D. Menon
(cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1)
S.V. Nair D. Narayanan S.K. Pandey D.K. Patel
(cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1)
P. Pushp R. Roy M. Sabitha R. Sharma R. Srivastava
A. Tuladhar
Editors
P.K.Dutta JoydeepDutta
MNNationalInstituteofTechnology InstituteofEngineering&Technology,
DepartmentofChemistry ITMUniversity
Allahabad,UttarPradesh DepartmentofAppliedSciences&Humanities
India Raipur,Chattrisgarh
India
ISSN0065-3195 ISSN1436-5030(electronic)
ISBN978-3-642-40122-0 ISBN978-3-642-40123-7(eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-642-40123-7
SpringerHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon
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#Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2013
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Preface
Polymerstodayhaveaveryimportantroleinthetechnologicaladvancementofour
society.Ofthepolymers,biopolymersareparticularlyattractivematerialsbecause
theyaregenerallynontoxicandbiodegradable,thuscombiningexcellentfunctional
properties with environmental friendliness and prospects for sustainable develop-
ment. Furthermore, the input materials used for the production of these polymers
canbeeitherrenewable,basedonagriculturalplantoranimalproducts,orsynthet-
ic.Inthisregard,syntheticbiopolymersaremorecostlythannaturalbiopolymers,
but both “types” of biopolymers possess interesting properties that make them
suitable for a wide repertoire of biomedical applications. In addition, multifunc-
tional entities can be created through decoration of the polymer with specific
moleculessuchasproteins,peptides,drugs,antibodies,biomimeticligands,trans-
fectionagents,cellsandvariousligands.Theadventofnanotechnologyhasgivena
new momentum towards the development of biopolymer-based nanomaterials,
whichcanundoubtedlychangetheshapeofourlives.
The present volume entitled “Multifaceted Development and Application of
Biopolymers for Biology, Biomedicine and Nanotechnology” is an attempt to
providethescientificcommunityandentrepreneurswithathoroughunderstanding
andknowledgeofthecombinationofnanotechnological,biotechnological,techno-
logicalandmedicalaspectsoftherecentadvancesinbiopolymerapplications.
The chapter “Functionalized Nanoparticles and Chitosan-Based Functional
Nanomaterials”summarizesthemainadvancesindesignandpreparationofnano-
particles published over the last 10 years in terms of polymeric nanomaterials,
emphasizing functionalized metal nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, graphene, ful-
lerene, liposomes, quantum dots and nanocomposites, and the current developing
interestinfunctionalizationofchitosanderivativesintheformofnanomaterialsto
providenewstrategiesforawiderangeofapplications.Thechapter“Nanoparticles
for Gene Delivery into Stem Cells and Embryos” describes the available
nanoparticle-basedgenedeliverysystemsandtheiruseinstemcellsformaintain-
ingself-renewal,pluripotencyand/ortargeteddifferentiationintospecificcelltypes
forcell-basedtherapyand/orgenetherapy.Thechapteralsodiscussesandreviews
theprogressandfutureofnanoparticlesforthegenerationoftransgenicanimalsvia
v
vi Preface
gene delivery into embryos – a research area that is yet to be fully explored. The
chapter “Engineering of Polysaccharides via Nanotechnology” deals with various
sourcesofchitosanandtheirphysical,chemicalandbiologicalproperties;synthesis
of chitosan-based nanoparticles, nanospheres and nanogels; characterization; and
biomedical applications. The chapter “Hydroxyapatite-Packed Chitosan-PMMA
Nanocomposite: A Promising Material for Construction of Synthetic Bone” is
focused on natural bone structure, polymer blends and recent advances in poly-
mer/(nano)hydroxyapatite nanocomposites for application as synthetic bone. The
chapter“BiodegradablePolymersforPotentialDeliverySystemsforTherapeutics”
willprovidesupporttoresearchscientistsandclinicalphysicianswhoareinterested
in the development and application of biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles as
potential delivery systems for therapeutics. The chapter “Phytomedicine-Loaded
PolymericNanomedicines:PotentialCancerTherapeutics”explainsthedesignand
development of nanoformulations and their application as potential anticancer
agents.Thechapter“ProteinsandCarbohydratesasPolymericNanodrugDelivery
Systems: Formulation, Properties and Toxicological Evaluation” embodies an
in-depth discussion of various carbohydrate- and protein-based nanomedicines
with respect to their formulation, properties of the nanoconstructs, manipulation
andutilizationofthesepropertiestowardsdevelopingabetterdrugdeliverydevice
andalsothetoxicologicalinteractionsofthesenanocarrierswithhostphysiological
systems.Thechapter“Biopolymeric Micro- andNanoparticles: Preparation,Char-
acterizationandIndustrialApplications” reviewsthepreparation,characterization
andapplicationsofbiopolymericmicro-andnanoparticles.Thechapter“Applica-
tions of Glyconanoparticles as Glycobiological Therapeutics and Diagnostics”
providesanoverviewofthemostrecentsynthesesandapplicationsofglyconano-
particles in glycoscience that have deepened our understanding of multivalent
carbohydrate–proteininteractions.Togetherwithsensitivedetectiondevices,inhi-
bitorsofbacterialadhesiontohosttissues,cancervaccinesandtherapeuticsystems
(including photosensitizers for photodynamic therapies), these novel bionanoma-
terials are finding widespread relevance. The recent development of
glyconanoparticle-based chemotherapeutic drugdelivery agents is also addressed,
togetherwiththeirmolecularimagingpropertiesforMRIorX-raycontrastagents,
asplatformsforselectiveimmunolabellingandimagingofcells,andascolorimet-
ricdevicesinvariousbioassays.
Last but not least, we would like to thank all contributors for their generous
support,thepublisherforacceptingourbookandtheadministrativeheadsofboth
MNNIT Allahabad and IET Raipur, India, for their encouragement and coopera-
tion, without which it would have been extremely difficult to complete this task
intime.
Allahabad,India P.K.Dutta
Raipur,India JoydeepDutta
April2013
Contents
FunctionalizedNanoparticlesandChitosan-BasedFunctional
Nanomaterials .................................................................. 1
P.K.Dutta,RohitSrivastava,andJoydeepDutta
NanoparticlesforGeneDeliveryintoStemCellsandEmbryos ........... 51
PallaviPushp,RajdeepKaur,HoonTaekLee,andMukeshKumarGupta
EngineeringofPolysaccharidesviaNanotechnology ....................... 87
JoydeepDutta
Hydroxyapatite-PackedChitosan-PMMANanocomposite:
APromisingMaterialforConstructionofSyntheticBone ............... 135
ArundhatiBhowmick,SubhashBanerjee,RatneshKumar,and
PatitPabanKundu
BiodegradablePolymersforPotentialDeliverySystems
forTherapeutics .............................................................. 169
SanjeevK.Pandey,ChandanaHaldar,DineshK.Patel,andPralayMaiti
Phytomedicine-LoadedPolymericNanomedicines:PotentialCancer
Therapeutics .................................................................. 203
S.Maya,M.Sabitha,ShantikumarV.Nair,andR.Jayakumar
ProteinsandCarbohydratesasPolymericNanodrugDelivery
Systems:Formulation,Properties,andToxicologicalEvaluation ........ 241
DhanyaNarayanan,J.Gopikrishna,ShantikumarV.Nair,and
DeepthyMenon
vii
viii Contents
BiopolymericMicro-andNanoparticles:Preparation,
CharacterizationandIndustrialApplications ............................. 269
AnilKumarAnalandAlishaTuladhar
ApplicationsofGlyconanoparticlesas“Sweet”Glycobiological
TherapeuticsandDiagnostics ............................................... 297
NareshKottari,YoannM.Chabre,RishiSharma,andRene´ Roy
Index .......................................................................... 343
AdvPolymSci(2013)254:1–50
DOI:10.1007/12_2012_200
#Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2012
Publishedonline:3January2013
Functionalized Nanoparticles and
Chitosan-Based Functional Nanomaterials
P.K.Dutta,RohitSrivastava,andJoydeepDutta
Abstract Newlydevelopednanomaterialsofferuniqueopportunitiesinthefields
of industry and medical sciences that are complementary to current technology.
Nanomaterials can be obtained through physicochemical processes from various
inorganic and organic substances. The properties and functions of materials can
be tuned through controlling the composition, structure, and morphology of the
nanoparticles. Chitosan is the principle derivative of chitin, which is the second-
most naturally occurring polysaccharide after cellulose. Chitosan has an amino
group in the C-2 position and OH groups in the C-3 and C-5 positions of
each repeat unit and can react with functional nanomaterials through various
kindsofreactionmechanisms.Therehavebeenseveralreportsonthepreparation
of nanoparticles and functional nanomaterials and their uses. This chapter
summarizesthemainadvancementsinthedesignandpreparationofnanomaterials
over the last 10 years, with an emphasis on functionalized metal nanoparticles,
carbon nanotubes, graphene, fullerene, liposomes, quantum dots, and nano-
composites, and outlines the current developing interest in functionalization of
chitosan derivatives in the form of nanomaterials to provide new strategies for
awiderangeofapplications.
Keywords Carbonnanotube(cid:1)Chitosan(cid:1)Nanomaterials(cid:1)Tissueengineering
P.Dutta(*)
DepartmentofChemistry,MNNationalInstituteofTechnology,Allahabad211004,India
e-mail:[email protected]
R.Srivastava
DepartmentofChemistry,MNNationalInstituteofTechnology,Allahabad211004,India
DepartmentofAppliedChemistry,BirlaInstituteofTechnology,DeogharCampus,
Deoghar814142,India
J.Dutta
DepartmentofAppliedSciences&Humanities,InstituteofEngineering&Technology,ITM
University,Raipur,Chattrisgarh493661,India