Movement, Mobilities, and Journeys PDF
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Geographies of Children and Young People 6 Caitriona Ni Laoire Allen White Editors Tracey Skelton Editor-in-Chief Movement, Mobilities and Journeys 1 3 Reference Geographies of Children and Young People Volume6 Editor-in-Chief TraceySkelton DepartmentofGeography NationalUniversityofSingapore Singapore,Singapore GeographiesofChildrenandYoungPeopleisaMajorReferenceWorkcomprising 12 volumes that pulls together the best international reflective and innovative scholarship focusing on younger people. Volumes 1 and 2 establish and critically engage with the theoretical, conceptual, and methodological groundings of this geographical subdiscipline. Volumes 3–11 provide in depth thematic analysis of keytopical areas pertinent tochildren’sandyoungpeople’slives:space, place and environment;identitiesandsubjectivities;familiesandpeergroups;movementand mobilities; politics and citizenship; global issues and change; play and well-being; learning and labouring; conflict and peace. Volume 12 connects both academic, policy,andpractitionerbasedworkaroundprotectionandprovision. SeriesTitles 1. EstablishingGeographiesofChildrenandYoungPeople 2. MethodologicalApproaches 3. Space,Place,andEnvironment 4. IdentitiesandSubjectivities 5. Families,Intergenerationality,andPeerGroupRelations 6. Movement,Mobilities,andJourneys 7. Politics,Citizenship,andRights 8. GeographiesofGlobalIssues:ChangeandThreat 9. PlayandRecreation,HealthandWellbeing 10. LabouringandLearning 11. Conflict,Violence,andPeace 12. Risk,Protection,Provision,andPolicy Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttp://www.springer.com/series/13414 (cid:129) Caitríona Ní Laoire Allen White Editors Tracey Skelton Editor-in-Chief Movement, Mobilities, and Journeys With15Figuresand6Tables Editors CaitríonaNíLaoire AllenWhite SchoolofAppliedSocialStudies CollegeofArts,CelticStudiesandSocial UniversityCollegeCork Sciences Cork,Ireland UniversityCollegeCork Cork,Ireland Editor-in-Chief TraceySkelton DepartmentofGeography NationalUniversityofSingapore Singapore,Singapore ISBN978-981-287-028-5 ISBN978-981-287-029-2(eBook) ISBN978-981-287-030-8(printandelectronicbundle) DOI10.1007/978-981-287-029-2 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016942865 #SpringerScience+BusinessMediaSingapore2017 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthe materialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation, broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthisbook arebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsorthe editorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforanyerrors oromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade. Printedonacid-freepaper ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbySpringerNature TheregisteredcompanyisSpringerScience+BusinessMediaSingaporePteLtd. Series Preface Geographies of Children and Young People now constitutes a major subdiscipline within Geography. This is a very exciting and influential time in its development. Hence, it is important to capture the dynamism, depth, and breadth of the subdiscipline within a Major Reference Work (MRW). Springer Major Reference Worksareproducedinsuchawaythatupdatingandeditingoftheonlineversioncan be done every few years. This means that the publication does not fix the data, debates,anddeliverybutrathermovesandevolveswiththesubdisciplineitself.The intentionandexpectationofthisMRWisthatthissubstantivecollectionwillbethe go-to resource for scholars, educators, and practitioners workingwith children and youngpeople. Whilefoundingscholarshipwaspublishedinthe1970sand1980s,thedramatic expansionofresearchandpublicationinthefieldreallybeganinthelate1990sand hascontinuedexponentially.Thelastdecadehaswitnessedasubstantiveincreasein graduatestudentresearchprojectsandasurgeinuniversity-levelteachingrelatedto children’sandyoungpeople’sgeographies.Itisthereforeextremelytimelythathis 12-volume major reference work has been produced. Together as Editor-in-Chief, Volume Editors, and Authors, we have developed the largest single collection of geographicworkfocusingonchildrenandyoungpeopleintheworld.Intellectually, the work reaches beyond geography to the wider social and behavioral sciences; many of the authors in the series are not geographers, and so, the collection is healthily and engagingly transdisciplinary. Anyone working with children and young people will find chapters that connect very effectively with their own inter- ests.Specialistsaswellasgraduateandtertiaryeducationstudentswillfindrelevant workdistributedthroughouttheMRWorlocateeverythingtheymightneedwithin onethematicvolume. This Series was founded on certain key intellectual and political principles. Working with young people and children within the academy has not always been easynorastraightforwardpathwayforacademics.Ithastakentimeforscholarsto convince their colleagues of the following: that children and young people really matter;thattheyshouldnotbemarginalizedbytheacademy;thattheyhavecompe- tency and agencyand playimportant roles in society;and thattheyshouldbetaken seriously as people regardless of age or size. This 12-volume collection is material evidence of the academic importance of children and young people in our world. v vi SeriesPreface The MRW is determinedly international in approach, in authorship, and in content. Thehugediversityofnationsandterritoriesexploredinthecollectionaswellasthe geographiclocationsofauthorcontributorsisarealtestamenttothecommitmentof the Editor-in-Chief and Volume Editors to be genuinely international. Children and young people are everywhere on the planet, hence it is imperative that this Series reflectsthatubiquity. Drawing fromscholarsand scholarship fromwithinand about the majority world has been a key achievement for each volume. Another aspect of inclusivity relates to authorship. Foundational, well-established, and early career scholarsareallwellrepresentedthroughoutthevolumes. The12volumesworkcollectivelyasaseriesandalsostandaloneassinglebooks. Thevolumesarelengthyandcontainbetween25and35fullchapters;eachvolume isanexcellentresource ofexpertise, content, and analysis. Volume 1,Establishing GeographiesofChildrenandYoungPeople,isdesignedtopulltogethersomeofthe foundational work in the sub discipline; demonstrate the emergence and establish- mentofparticularphilosophical,theoretical,andconceptualthemes;andcapturethe diversityofgeographicworkonchildrenandyoungpeopleasitconnectswithother sub- and disciplinary approaches.Thisvolumepresentsthekey founding elements of the sub discipline. Volume 2, Methodological Approaches, explores the grand array of methodological approaches and tools that children’ and young people’s geographers,andothersocialandbehavioralscientists,haveworkedwith,adapted, andinvented.Chaptersexploreresearchpractices,techniques,dataanalysis,and/or interpretation.Workingwithyoungerpeopleinresearchdemandsdifferentwaysof doing research and hence addressing the complexities of power relations. Method- ologically,innovationandexperimentationhavebeenveryimportant.Space,Place, andEnvironment(Vol.3)takesthesethreecentralgeographicconceptsanddebates and extends them. The volume is structured around five subsections: Indigenous Youth – Space and Place; Children, Nature, and Environmental Education; Urban Spaces; Home Spaces and Homeless Spaces; and Border Spaces. Several of these themes are explored in fuller depth in subsequent specialized volumes. Volumes 1 and 3 will be particularly useful starting points for readers less familiar with geography as a discipline. Volume 4, Identities and Subjectivities, is designed to focusonthestuffoflifeandlivingforyoungerpeople.Thechaptersexaminewho young people and children are and what their social identities and subjectivities mean in the context of their spatial experiences. The volume explores identity formation and the spatial meaning of identities and subjectivities in relation to a broadrangeofsocialrelations.Thechaptersexplorehowyoungpeople’ssensesof selfhoodandbelongingemergethroughcomplexprocessesofinclusion,exclusion, andmarginalizationandtheimportantroleplayedbyrepresentation,discourse,and creativity. In Vol. 5, Families, Intergenerationality, and Peer Group Relations, the focusisonthewaysinwhichchildrenandyoungpeoplearerelationallyconnected withothers.SectionIdemonstratesthatfamilialrelationshipsandthespatialityofthe home are extremely important in all children’s and young people’s lives, even thoughthepatternsandstructuresoffamiliesandthespaces/placesofhomevaryvi SeriesPrefacegeographicallyandtemporally.SectionIIinnovativelyexaminesthe complexitiesandspatialitiesofextrafamilialintergenerationalrelationshipsandthe SeriesPreface vii complexmeaningsofagerelationality.SectionIIIemphasizeschildren’sandyoung people’s relationships with one another. This includes work on geographies of emotionandaffect,bodiesandembodiment. Themobilityturningeographyhasbeenhighlyinfluentialinthesocialsciences. Children’sandyoungpeople’sgeographershavebeensignificantintheparadigmatic shift around mobilities and immobilities. In Vol. 6, Movement, Mobilities, and Journeys, contributors examine the role children and young people play in these “travels” in a range of diverse global contexts. The chapters collectively provide theoretical, empirical, and methodological insights and examples of actual move- ment combined with analysis of a range of complex contexts, spatialities, and temporalities that facilitate or hamper mobility. Volume 7 takes us into the realm of children and young people as political beings. Politics, Citizenship and Rights explores the political geographies of younger people in order to bring analytical attention to intricacies of the policies that specifically affect young people and children, alongside the politics at play in their everyday lives. Divided into four sections, the volume interrogates the spatialities of the rights of the child, children and young people’s agency in politics, youthful practices and political resistance, andactiveyouthcitizenship.Volume8,GeographiesofGlobalIssues,unitesthree broad research themes that are often examined separately: economic globalization and cultural change; international development; and children and young people’s connections with climate change, natural hazards, and environmental issues. What pulls these themes together is the recognition that younger people are important actorsandagentswithintheseprocessesandthattheirengagement/disengagementis crucial for the planet’s future. In Vol. 9, Play, Recreation, Health and Wellbeing, important, well-established, but often contentious foci of children’ sand young people’s lives are examined conceptually, temporally, spatially, in practice, and throughrepresentation.Manyofthedebatesaboutchildren’sembodimentrevolving around obesity, unfitness, wellness, and neglect are relatively new in the social sciences, and geographers have played important roles in their closer scrutiny. Volume10,LabouringandLearning,provides anintegratedandmultidimensional approachtounderstandingwhatlearningandlaboringmeantochildrenandyoung people.Thetwoconceptsareexploredindepthandbreadthinordertocapturethe varianceofwhat workandeducationmean andhowthey arepracticed indifferent places and at different times through childhood and youth. Key thematic areas for this volume include social reproduction, transitions, aspirations, and social and cultural capital. In Conflict, Violence and Peace (Vol. 11), the emphasis is on the ways in which children are impacted and affected by, and involved with, highly problematicandfragileconditionsofwar,violence,conflict,andpeace.Asmoreand more younger people experience a range of conflicts and social, economic, and political violence, it is essential to examine what happens to them and what roles theyplayinprocessessuchasasylum,childsoldiering,terrorism,counterterrorism, ending conflict, and building peace. Volume 12, Risk, Protection, Provision and Policy, serves to connect academic research and policy and planning that affects children and young people. Policy, planning, and provision are often purportedly about reducingrisk andofferingprotectionbutarealso associatedwiththecontrol viii SeriesPreface andcontainmentofyoungerpeople,particularlyspatially.Thechaptersexplorethe waysinwhichpoliciesatdifferentscalesaffectchildrenandyoungpeopleinterms oftheiraccesstospaceandtheirlifechances. ThisSeriesisanextremelyrich,varied,andvibrantcollectionofworkcentered on geographies of children and young people. Just as children and young people bringvibrancy,diversity,andcomplexitytoourworlds,sothisMRWisdesignedto showcase, deepen, and develop the geographic scholarship that captures, albeit partially, the fascinating social heterogeneity and diverse spatialities of children’s andyoungpeople’slives. NationalUniversityofSingapore,Singapore TraceySkelton May20,2015 MAOxon,Ph.D. Editor-in-Chief Preface Thisvolumebringstogetherarangeofcontributionsexploringthediversewaysin which children and young people experience movements, im/mobilities, and jour- neys at different geographical scales and in different socio-spatial contexts. It pro- videsasnapshotofrecentworkwithinthegeographiesofchildrenandyoungpeople which has engaged with emerging conceptualizations of mobility and immobility, and builds on existing research on migration, movement, and settlement. The collection reflects the richness of current scholarship in this area, which draws on, andmakesimportantcontributionsto,theoreticaldevelopmentsandinfluencesboth withinandbeyondthesubdisciplineofchildren’sandyoungpeople’sgeographies. From its initial conceptualization, this volume was not envisaged as the “defin- itiveaccount”ofthestateoftheartinresearchonthegeographiesofchildandyouth movementsandmobilities.Rather,theintentionwas(andis)toopenupdebateand understandingsaboutthemovementandmobilityofchildrenandyoungpeoplefrom a variety of different perspectives drawn from multiple theoretical positions and basedindiverseempiricalcontexts.Whenidentifyingandapproachingcontributors, thevolumeeditorssoughttoenlistadiversesetoftopicsandgeographicalcontexts tobecovered.Thebreadthoftopicscoveredreflectsthevariedwaysinwhichideas of mobility and immobility are currently being considered by child/youth researchers. Topics covered in the volume include children’s and young people’s experiencesofphenomenasuchastransnationalmigration,everydaymobility,social im/mobilities, settlement, navigations of belonging, educational mobility, medical travel,citizenship,trafficking,labormigration,borders,andboundaries.Thecollec- tion is notable for the wide range of geographical contexts represented, including global South and North, and the variety of types of movements examined – from local to global mobilities, everyday to life-changing journeys – and incorporating movementsboundupindifferentwayswithprocessesofsocio-spatialinclusionand exclusion. In this way, the intention of the volume is to open up a range of interrelated questions surrounding the migration and mobility of children and young people, such as (but not limited to): who counts as child/young person?; what forms of movement (and journeys) count as migration and/or mobility?; how and why do children’s and young people’s movements matter?; how are mobilities and immo- bilitiesrelated?;whatresourcesandtoolsdochildrenandyoungpeopledrawonas ix
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