Mount Sinai expert guides. Neurology PDF
Preview Mount Sinai expert guides. Neurology
Mount Sinai ExpErt GuidES Neurology Mount Sinai ExpErt GuidES Neurology EDITED BY Stuart C. Sealfon, MD Glickenhaus professor and Chairman Emeritus, department of neurology professor of neurobiology, pharmacology and Systems therapeutics director, Center for advanced research on diagnostic assays icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai new York, nY, uSa Rajeev Motiwala, MD associate professor of neurology director, neurology Clerkship icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai new York, nY, uSa Charles B. Stacy, MD assistant professor of neurology director of General neurology icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai new York, nY, uSa this edition first published 2016 © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd Registered Office John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, the atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, po19 8SQ, uK Editorial Offices 9600 Garsington road, oxford, ox4 2dQ, uK the atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, po19 8SQ, uK 111 river Street, Hoboken, nJ 07030‐5774, uSa For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley‐blackwell the right of the author to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the uK Copyright, designs and patents act 1988. all rights reserved. no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the uK Copyright, designs and patents act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. all brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. the publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. it is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. if professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. the contents of this work are intended to further general scientific research, understanding, and discussion only and are not intended and should not be relied upon as recommending or promoting a specific method, diagnosis, or treatment by health science practitioners for any particular patient. the publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. in view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to the use of medicines, equipment, and devices, the reader is urged to review and evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each medicine, equipment, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for added warnings and precautions. readers should consult with a specialist where appropriate. the fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that internet Websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. no warranty may be created or extended by any promotional statements for this work. neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for any damages arising herefrom. Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data Mount Sinai expert guides. neurology / edited by Stuart Sealfon, rajeev Motiwala, Charles B. Stacy. p. ; cm. neurology includes bibliographical references and index. iSBn 978-1-118-62108-0 (pbk.) i. Sealfon, Stuart C., editor. ii. Motiwala, rajeev, editor iii. Stacy, Charles B., editor iV. title: neurology. [dnLM: 1. nervous System diseases–Handbooks. 2. neurologic Manifestations–Handbooks. WL 39] rC346 616.8–dc23 2015033810 a catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Cover image: iStock photo file #6124416 © david Marchal Cover design by ruth Bateson Set in 8.5/12pt Frutiger by Spi Global, pondicherry, india 1 2016 Contents Contributors, viii Series Foreword, xii Preface, xiii List of Abbreviations, xiv About the Companion Website, xxi Part 1: IntroductIon 1 Neurologic History and Examination, 3 Stuart C. Sealfon 2 Neuroradiology, 13 Thomas P. Naidich, Reade De Leacy, and Ruby J. Lien 3 Neurophysiologic and Other Neurodiagnostic Tests, 22 Susan Shin, Sarah Zubkov, Deborah R. Horowitz, and David M. Simpson Part 2: dIagnosIs of PatIents wIth neurologIc symPtoms 4 Delirium and Coma, 49 Stephen Krieger 5 Episodic Collapse, Loss of Consciousness, Seizures, 59 Lara V. Marcuse and Madeline C. Fields 6 Dysphasias, Dyspraxias, and Dysexecutive Syndromes: The Non‐Memory Cognitive Impairments, 65 Martin Goldstein 7 Memory Loss and Dementia, 93 Sam Gandy 8 Headache, 102 Mark W. Green 9 Abnormal Movements and Incoordination, 108 Winona Tse v vi Contents 10 Sleep Disorders, Somnolence, and Fatigue, 120 Charles B. Stacy 11 Visual Loss and Double Vision, 126 Janet C. Rucker 12 Vertigo, Dizziness, and Hearing Loss, 144 Bernard Cohen and Eric Smouha 13 Facial Weakness, Slurred Speech, and Difficulty Swallowing, 156 Hailun Wang and Kenneth W. Altman 14 Difficulty Walking, 164 Ruth H. Walker 15 Muscle Weakness and Paralysis, 171 Rajeev Motiwala 16 Tingling and Loss of Sensation, 180 Lan Zhou 17 Low Back Pain and Neck Pain, 186 Charles B. Stacy 18 Suspected Spinal Cord Dysfunction, 192 Aaron Miller 19 Bladder and Sexual Dysfunction, 201 Steven J. Weissbart and Jonathan M. Vapnek Part 3: neurologIc dIseases and theraPeutIcs 20 Vascular Diseases: Ischemic Stroke, Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Cerebral Venous Thrombosis, Arterio‐Venous Malformations, 215 Stanley Tuhrim 21 Neurologic Complications of Systemic Disease, 228 Michelle T. Fabian 22 Neuro‐Oncology, 239 Isabelle M. Germano 23 Multiple Sclerosis and Other Inflammatory Diseases, 249 Fred D. Lublin 24 Infections of the Nervous System, 259 Michael P. Mullen and Geena Varghese 25 Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders, 271 Barbara Kelly Changizi 26 Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders, 282 Ritesh A. Ramdhani and Steven J. Frucht Contents vii 27 Alzheimer’s Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia, 295 Sam Gandy 28 Cerebellar and Brainstem Disorders, 307 Florence Ching‐Fen Chang and Catherine Cho 29 Inborn Errors of Metabolism, 326 Shannon E. Babineau 30 Epilepsy, 340 Madeline C. Fields and Lara V. Marcuse 31 Autonomic Disorders, 351 Jessica Robinson‐Papp 32 Peripheral Neuropathies, 360 Rajeev Motiwala 33 Myopathy, 369 Lan Zhou 34 Neuromuscular Junction Disorders, 380 Mark A. Sivak 35 Motor Neuron Disease, 393 Mark A. Sivak 36 Metabolic Encephalopathy, Hypoxic‐Ischemic Encephalopathy, and Brain Death, 403 Mandip S. Dhamoon 37 Pain Disorders, 410 Charles B. Stacy 38 Migraine and Other Headache Disorders, 420 Mark W. Green 39 Sleep Disorders, 431 Steven H. Feinsilver 40 Neurocritical Care, 440 Errol L. Gordon 41 Trauma, 451 Jeremy M. Steinberger, Margaret Pain, and Jamie S. Ullman 42 Postoperative Neurosurgical Patients, 464 Justin Mascitelli, Asha Iyer, and Joshua Bederson Index, 476 Contributors Kenneth W. Altman MD, PhD, FACS Reade De Leacy MD, MBBS Professor and Vice Chair for Clinical Affairs Assistant Professor Department of Otolaryngology – HNS Department of Radiology Director, The Institute for Voice and Icahn School of Medicine at Swallowing at BCM Mount Sinai Baylor College of Medicine New York, NY, USA Houston, TX, USA Mandip S. Dhamoon MD, MPH Shannon E. Babineau MD Assistant Professor Division of Child Neurology Department of Neurology Goryeb Children’s Hospital Vascular Neurology Fellowship Director Morristown, NJ, USA Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA Joshua Bederson MD Professor and System Chair Michelle T. Fabian MD Department of Neurosurgery Assistant Professor Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Department of Neurology New York, NY, USA Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center Florence Ching‐Fen Chang MBBS for Multiple Sclerosis Robert and John M. Bendheim Parkinson and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Movement Disorders Center at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA Department of Neurology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Steven H. Feinsilver MD New York, NY, USA Professor Department of Medicine Barbara Kelly Changizi MD Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Assistant Professor Sleep Medicine Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry Director, Center for Sleep Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Icahn School of Medicine at Columbus, OH, USA Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA Catherine Cho MD, MSCR Associate Professor Madeline C. Fields MD Departments of Neurology and Otolaryngology Assistant Professor New York University Langone Medical Center Department of Neurology New York, NY, USA Co‐Director of the Mount Sinai Epilepsy Bernard Cohen MD Center Morris B. Bender Professor Clinical Neurophysiology Fellowship Department of Neurology Director Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA New York, NY, USA viii
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