Table Of Content

Mosquitoes of the Southeastern United States Nathan D. Burkett-Cadena Mosquitoes of the Southeastern United States • • • The University of Alabama Press / Tuscaloosa Copyright © 2013 The University of Alabama Press Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0380 All rights reserved Printed in Korea Cover photographs (clockwise from top): Psorophora ferox female; Aedes fulvus pallens female; Psorophora horrida female; Aedes canadensis female; Culex restuans female. Courtesy of the author. Frontispiece: Psorophora cyanescens female. Courtesy of Gayle and Jeanell Strickland. Cover design: Todd Lape / Lape Designs All images are courtesy of the author unless otherwise indicated. The paper on which this book is printed meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Burkett-Cadena, Nathan D. Mosquitoes of the southeastern United States / Nathan D. Burkett-Cadena. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. Publication of this book was made possible by support from the ISBN 978-0-8173-1781-2 (hardcover : alk. paper) — Alabama Vector Management Society, the Georgia Mosquito ISBN 978-0-8173-8648-1 (ebook) Control Association, the Mid-Atlantic Mosquito Control As- 1. Mosquitoes—Southern States—Identification. I. Title. sociation, Auburn University Department of Entomology and QL536.B916 2013 Plant Pathology, Auburn University College of Agriculture, and 595.77’2—dc23 2012024177 the University of Georgia Department of Entomology. For my family Contents xi ..........................Preface xiii .........................Acknowledgments Introduction 3 ............ 3 ...........................Mosquito Diversity 4 ...........................Mosquito Life Cycle 8 ...........................Mosquitoes and the Environment 9 ...........................Form and Function of the Mosquito Body Part One 13 ........... An Illustrated Key for Identifying the Mosquitoes of the Southeastern United States 14 .................. Key to genera of adult female mosquitoes of the southeastern United States 19..........................Aedes 31 ..........................Anopheles 33 ..........................Culex 38 .........................Culiseta 39 .........................Mansonia 39 .........................Orthopodomyia 40 .........................Psorophora 43 .........................Uranotaenia 44 ................. Key to genera of fourth-instar mosquito larvae of the southeastern United States 49 .........................Aedes 59 .........................Anopheles 63 .........................Culex 66 .........................Culiseta 66 .........................Mansonia 67 .........................Orthopodomyia 68 .........................Psorophora 71 ..........................Uranotaenia Part Two 73 ........... Species Accounts 74 ................. Aedes 75..........................Aedes aegypti 77 ..........................Aedes albopictus 79 .........................Aedes atlanticus and Aedes tormentor vii viii Contents 82 .........................Aedes atropalpus 84 .........................Aedes aurifer 85 .........................Aedes canadensis 87 .........................Aedes cantator 88 ........................................Aedes cinereus 90 ........................................Aedes dupreei 92 .........................Aedes fulvus pallens 93 .........................Aedes grossbecki 95 .........................Aedes infirmatus 97 .........................Aedes japonicus 99 .........................Aedes mitchellae 101 ........................Aedes sollicitans 103 ........................Aedes sticticus 104 ........................Aedes taeniorhynchus 106 ........................Aedes thibaulti 108 ........................Aedes triseriatus and Aedes hendersoni 110 ........................Aedes trivittatus 111 .........................Aedes vexans 113 ................. Anopheles 113 .........................Anopheles atropos 115 .........................Anopheles barberi 116 ........................Anopheles crucians complex 118 ........................Anopheles perplexens 120 ........................Anopheles pseudopunctipennis 121 .........................Anopheles punctipennis 123 ........................Anopheles quadrimaculatus group 125 ........................Anopheles walkeri 126 ................ Coquillettidia 127 ........................Coquillettidia perturbans 129 ................ Culex 129 ........................Culex coronator 131 .........................Culex erraticus 134 ........................Culex nigripalpus 136 ........................Culex peccator 138 ........................Culex pilosus 140 ........................Culex pipiens and Culex quinquefasciatus 142 ........................Culex restuans 144 ........................Culex salinarius 146 ........................Culex tarsalis 148 ........................Culex territans 150 ................ Culiseta 150 ........................Culiseta inornata 152 ........................Culiseta melanura 154 ................ Mansonia 154 ........................Mansonia dyari 156 ........................Mansonia titillans 158 ................ Orthopodomyia 158 ........................Orthopodomyia alba and Orthopodomyia signifera Contents ix 160 ................ Psorophora 161 ........................Psorophora ciliata 163 ........................Psorophora columbiae 165 ........................Psorophora cyanescens 167 ........................Psorophora discolor 168 ........................Psorophora ferox 170 ........................Psorophora horrida 171 .........................Psorophora howardii 173 ........................Psorophora mathesoni 175 ................ Toxorhynchites 175 ........................Toxorhynchites rutilus 177 ................ Uranotaenia 177 ........................Uranotaenia lowii 179 ........................Uranotaenia sapphirina 181 ................ Wyeomyia 181 ........................Wyeomyia smithii 183 ........................Glossary 185 ........................References 187 ........................Index