Mosby's Drug Reference for Health Professions, 4e

2401 Pages·2013·19.028 MB·English

by  Mosby

i

MOSBY’S
DRUG
REFERENCE
HEALTH
for
PROFESSIONS
FOURTH EDITION
Writer and Consultant
MaryAnne Hochadel, PharmD, BCPS
Editor Emeritus
ELSEVIER/Gold Standard;
Clinical Pharmacist
Bayfront Medical Center
St. Petersburg, Florida;
Clinical Assistant Professor of Pharmacy Practice
University of Florida, College of Pharmacy
Gainesville, Florida
3251 Riverport Lane
St. Louis, Missouri 63043
MOSBY’S DRUG REFERENCE FOR
HEALTH PROFESSIONS, FOURTH EDITION ISBN: 978-0-323-07737-8
Copyright © 2014 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2012, 2010, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission,
further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations
such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website:
www.elsevier.com/permissions.
This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher
(other than as may be noted herein).
Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience
broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treat-
ment may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evalu-
ating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using
such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others,
including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.
With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the
most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each
product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of
administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own
experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best
treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions.
To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume
any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability,
negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas
contained in the material herein.
International Standard Book Number 978-0-323-07737-8
Vice President and Publisher: Linda Duncan
Executive Content Strategist: Kellie White
Content Manager: Rebecca Leenhouts
Publishing Services Manager: Pat Joiner-Myers
Senior Book Designer: Paula Catalano
Printed in the United States of America
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
DRUG INFORMATION REVIEWER PANEL
Dana A. Brown, PharmD, BCPS Puja Patel, PharmD
Assistant Dean for Academics, Ambulatory/Managed Care Resident,
Assistant Professor of Pharmacy Kaiser Permanente, Atlanta,
Practice, Lloyd L. Gregory School Georgia
of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic
University, West Palm Beach,
Florida
Julie Phillips Karpinski, RPh,
PharmD, BCPS
Assistant Professor, Pharmacy Prac-
tice, Director, Drug Information,
Concordia University, Wisconsin
School of Pharmacy, Mequon,
Wisconsin
REVIEWERS
Carlos Chavez, MEd, CDA, RDA Marie E. Mitchell, CPhT
Curriculum Manager, Corinthian Instructor, Pharmacy Technician
Colleges, Inc., Santa Ana, Department, Everest Institute,
California Kalamazoo, Michigan
Kimberli Lopez, AS, CPhT, RPhT Meredith Narcisse, CPhT
Instructor, University of California, Pharmacy Technician Instructor,
Riverside, Riverside, California; United Educational Institute,
California State University, Long Gardena, Gardena, California
Beach, Long Beach, California;
United Educational Institute Omid Parto, PharmD, CPhT
College, Riverside, California Department Chair for Pharmacy
Technology, Everest College,
Vinu Mathew Santa Ana, Santa Ana, California
Pharmacy Technician Instructor,
United Educational Institute Hwa (Jennifer) Yeon, CPhT, MS
College, Anaheim Campus, North Orange County Community
Anaheim, California College District, School of
Continuing Education, Anaheim,
California
iii
PAST REVIEWERS
Karissa N. Dahlke, BS Evie Mann, RMA
Florida Society of Health System Associate Director of Education, The
Pharmacists Council Member Medical Institute of Kentucky,
2010–2011, Orlando, Florida Florence, Kentucky
Deborah A. DeLuca, MS, JD Kim D. McKenna, MEd, RN, CEN,
Assistant Professor, University EMT-P
School of Health and Medical Sci- Director of Education, St. Charles
ences, South Orange, New Jersey County Ambulance District,
St. Peters, Missouri
Gautam J. Desai, DO, FACOFP, CPI
Associate Professor, Department of David Nissen, PharmD
Family Medicine, Kansas City Pharmacy Informatics, Missouri
University of Medicine and Bio- Baptist Medical Center, St. Louis,
sciences, College of Osteopathic Missouri
Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
Bernie R. Olin, PharmD
Karen Drummond, CPC, CPC-H, CPC- Associate Clinical Professor and
I, CHA, MCMC, PCS, FCS, ACS-RA, Director of Drug Information, Au-
ACS-OB/GYN, CIBS, CMC, CMBS-I burn University, Harrison School
Instructor, Auditor, Consultant, of Pharmacy, Auburn, Alabama
AAPC Approved PMCC Instruc-
tor, Advisory Board Member Kazi Parvez, MBBS, RCT
for Board of Advanced Medical Formerly, Program Chair, Cardiology
Specialty Coding, Board Member Technologist Program, Everest
of American Institute for Health- College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
care Compliance Online, Medical
Coding and Billing Instructor for John J. Smith, EdD
Health Care Consulting Services, AVP, Curriculum and Instruction,
Irmo, South Carolina Corinthian Colleges, Inc., Santa
Ana, California
Sandy Fritz, MS, NCTMB
Owner and Head Instructor, Health Linda M. Smith, CPC, CPC-I, CEMC,
Enrichment Center School of PCS, CAC, CMBS
Therapeutic Massage, Lapeer, Medical Billing and Coding Consult-
Michigan ant; Owner, MedOffice Resources,
Greene, New York
Douglas S. Gardenhire, RRT-NPS
Director of Clinical Education, Karen A. Vezina, RCT
School of Health Professions, Cardiology Technologist Program
Division of Respiratory Therapy, Chair, Everest College of Busi-
Georgia State University, Atlanta, ness, Technology and Health Care,
Georgia Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Trisha LaPointe, PharmD, BCPS
Assistant Professor of Pharmacy
Practice, Massachusetts College
of Pharmacy and Health Sciences,
School of Pharmacy, Boston
Department of Pharmacy Practice,
Boston, Massachusetts
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION actions of the drug is given, fol-
Mosby’s Drug Reference for Health lowed by a brief statement of
Professions is designed as a concise, therapeutic effect.
easy-to-use resource for drug infor- • Pharmacokinetics. A relevant, yet
mation for the busy health care pro- concise, summary of the absorp-
fessional. The information is provided tion, distribution, metabolism, and
in a standardized monograph format. excretion characteristics is pro-
A number of important new medica- vided for each entry.
tions have been introduced in the past • Availability. Dosage forms cur-
few years, and these have been incor- rently approved for marketing in
porated into this guide, which con- the United States are listed. Users
tains a concise overview of over 900 should note that this information
generic and over 2400 brand-name may change frequently. Users
medications widely used in medical are encouraged to speak with
practice. This latest edition will be a their pharmacists regarding local
welcome addition to any health care drug availability, since market-
professional’s drug reference library ing status and shortages of drug
and will be used often for its practi- products may occur frequently in
cality, currency, and quick summaries practice.
of essential drug facts. • Indications and dosages. Ap-
proved indications, routes, and
DETAILS OF THE CONTENTS dosages for approved populations
Essential drug information in a user- of use are provided in a concise
friendly format. The bulk of this hand- format. Pediatric and geriatric
book contains an alphabetical listing data are included when available.
of drug entries by generic name. Drug When specified, dosages for he-
entries include the following: patic and renal impairment are
• Generic and brand name. Drug also provided.
entries are categorized by generic • Contraindications. Contraindi-
name alphabetically, followed by cations are listed as provided in
marketed product names. manufacturer labeling, indicating
• Category and schedule. The U.S. circumstances under which a drug
FDA pregnancy risk category, should not be used.
as well as pertinent information • Interactions. Common interac-
regarding over-the-counter (OTC) tions with drugs, herbal and
status and U.S. DEA Controlled dietary supplements, and food
Substance Schedules, is listed. are provided in a quick-reference
State DEA schedules may vary format so that practitioners can
from the U.S. listing; practitioners easily screen medication profiles.
should refer to their state laws New interaction data are often
regarding any variations. published as new drugs enter
• Classification. Each entry high- the market or are used widely in
lights important pharmacologic, the intended populations, so the
chemical, and/or therapeutic use information presented may not
classifications. always reflect the most current
• Mechanism of action. A brief data. Practitioners are encouraged
pharmacologic description of the to use the information provided to
v
vi Introduction
screen for important interactions noted in clinical trials. Although
but also consider the need for the included frequencies are not
other sources. always reflective of the frequen-
• Diagnostic test effects. This sec- cies seen once a drug is on the
tion provides a brief summary of market, the guide provides a basic
both the expected and the poten- understanding of side effects that
tial effects that a drug has on are expected, frequent, occa-
commonly monitored laboratory sional, or rare, including esti-
testing (e.g., blood chemistry, mated percentages associated
renal function, liver function, with the definitions. Although not
and hematologic testing), as well meant to be absolutely inclusive,
as any known assay interference. this guide includes the more com-
When a therapeutic range is monly reported reactions in each
defined for a drug, it will also be category that are likely to be caus-
presented in this section. ally associated with a given drug.
• IV incompatibilities and IV • Serious reactions. Most practi-
compatibilities. Medications tioners would like to have a good
that are used intravenously must understanding of those reactions
be approached with caution, that, because of their severity
especially with respect to the and potentially life-threatening
use of other parenteral medica- nature, would require prompt
tions. In these sections, the user intervention or lead to hospital-
is presented with common and ization. This section highlights
well-known incompatibilities and those side effects, apart from
published compatibilities with other reactions, that often require
other medications at the Y-site. specialized warnings or alerts.
However, these data often depend The practitioner is encouraged to
on concentration and method of always check these listings when
administration and are constantly reviewing an entry.
updated. New incompatibility • Precautions and considerations.
data may emerge at any time. Using a practice-oriented format
The user is encouraged to always for health care professionals, this
consult specialized resources for section very concisely summa-
new incompatibility informa- rizes the most relevant concepts in
tion before mixing or infusing considerations for prescribing and
any parenteral medication. The monitoring a drug in given patient
information provided is not meant populations, including those who
to be inclusive but rather to be are pregnant or breastfeeding, as
exemplary of the concerns with well as children and the elderly.
regard to IV incompatibility. This The user of this guide will gain
information is clarified with icons practical advice for monitoring
representing compatibilities and drug effects during treatment and
incompatibilities. will appreciate the care-focused
• Side effects. The health care pro- context of the information.
fessional will appreciate the prior- • Storage. The proper storage of
itized presentation of side effects. medications, and their stabil-
This section provides an under- ity, is a concern in health care
standing of the general frequency and patient home environments.
of commonly reported side effects Proper storage helps ensure that
Introduction vii
appropriate drug effects will be • Full-color pill atlas.
maintained. This section quickly • Additional generic drug
summarizes proper storage for monographs.
each entry. • Monographs for herbal
• Administration. A concise sum- remedies, compound drugs, and
mary of administering each OTC drugs.
dosage form is provided for the • Generic-to-trade-name reference
practitioner. Proper administra- table.
tion technique helps ensure that • Medication math exercises.
desired medication effects are • Information on drugs of abuse
attained. When known, tech- and general anesthetics.
niques for limiting side effects • English-Spanish translations
during administration are high- of common medication-related
lighted. Alerts to hazards are also phrases.
presented for important medica-
tions, such as chemotherapy. SUMMARY
When it comes to providing quality
Appendices. Quick reference guides information, Mosby’s Drug Reference
to FDA pregnancy categories and for Health Professions is an important
normal laboratory values are pro- and practical resource. The spectrum
vided. of drug entries, the current informa-
Electronic Resources. Register tion, and health care professional tips
for free resources at www.mosby will be invaluable to providing patient
drugref.com. The following assets and client care.
are available:
• Audio drug name pronunciations MaryAnne Hochadel,
and an audio glossary (including PharmD, BCPS
definitions) in MP3 format.
CONTENTS
Drug Information Reviewer Panel, iii
Reviewers, iii
Introduction, v
A to Z Drug Entries, 1
Appendices
A FDA Pregnancy Categories, 1700
B Normal Laboratory Values, 1701
Index, 1703
For the glossary and other drug information resources, please
visit www.mosbydrugref.com.
viii