Morrey’s The Elbow and Its Disorders

1124 Pages·2017·730.56 MB·English

by  Bernard F. Morrey

Morrey’s

Elbow
The and

Disorders
Its
Morrey’s

Elbow
The and

Disorders
Its

FIFTH EDITION
Bernard F. Morrey, MD Joaquin Sanchez-Sotelo, MD, PhD
Professor Professor
Department of Orthopedic Surgery Department of Orthopedic Surgery
Mayo Clinic Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
Rochester, Minnesota; Consultant
Professor of Orthopedics Division of Adult Reconstruction
University of Texas Health Science Center Department of Orthopedic Surgery
San Antonio, Texas Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota
Mark E. Morrey, MD, MSc
Assistant Professor of Orthopedics
Department of Orthopedic Surgery
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota
Anatomic dissections: Manuel Llusá-Pérez, MD, PhD, and José R. Ballesteros-Betancourt, MD
1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd.
Ste 1800
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899
MORREY’S THE ELBOW AND ITS DISORDERS, FIFTH EDITION ISBN: 978-0-323-34169-1
Copyright © 2018 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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Previous editions copyrighted 2009, 2000, 1993, 1985 by The Mayo Clinic Foundation.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Morrey, Bernard F., 1943- editor. | Sanchez-Sotelo, Joaquin, editor. | Morrey, Mark E., editor.
Title: Morrey’s the elbow and its disorders / [edited by] Bernard F. Morrey, Joaquin Sanchez-Sotelo,
Mark E. Morrey.
Other titles: Elbow and its disorders.
Description: Fifth edition. | Philadelphia, PA : Elsevier, [2018] | Preceded by Elbow and its disorders /
[edited by] Bernard F. Morrey, Joaquin Sanchez-Sotelo. 4th ed. c2009. | Includes bibliographical references
and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2017013655 | ISBN 9780323341691 (hardcover : alk. paper)
Subjects: | MESH: Elbow Joint | Elbow Joint—injuries | Joint Diseases
Classification: LCC RD686 | NLM WE 820 | DDC 617.472044—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc
.gov/2017013655
Senior Content Strategist: Kristine Jones
Senior Content Development Specialist: Ann Ruzycka Anderson
Publishing Services Manager: Catherine Jackson
Book Production Specialist: Kristine Feeherty
Design Direction: Bridget Hoette
Printed in China
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
The first Morrey’s The Elbow and Its Disorders is dedicated to my wife, Carla.
Carla has patiently supported me through the “all-nighters” of the first edition
in 1983 to my editing chapters while on our 50th wedding anniversary trip in
2016. I cannot thank her enough for simultaneously rearing our family while
encouraging me through all aspects of my career.
It is only fitting that the first “eponified” edition of this title be dedicated to
the one person who has had a major role in all the previous editions.
For her love and steadfast support I am forever grateful.
B.F.M.
C O N T R I B U TO R S
Joshua M. Abzug, MD Andrew T. Assenmacher, MD Allen T. Bishop, MD
Associate Professor ProMedica Health System Professor of Orthopedic and Neurologic
Departments of Orthopedics and Pediatrics Toledo, Ohio Surgery
University of Maryland School of Medicine Monroe, Michigan Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
Baltimore, Maryland Consultant, Division of Hand Surgery
George S. Athwal, MD, FRCSC Department of Orthopedic Surgery
Julie E. Adams, MD Professor of Surgery Mayo Clinic
Associate Professor Orthopedic Surgery Roth McFarlane Hand and Upper Limb Rochester, Minnesota
Mayo Clinic and Mayo Clinic Health System Centre
Rochester, Minnesota St. Joseph’s Health Care Jeremy Bruce, MD
Austin, Minnesota University of Western Ontario Chattanooga, Tennessee
London, Ontario, Canada
Christopher S. Ahmad, MD Travis C. Burns, MD
Head Team Physician New York Yankees Yaser M. Baghdadi, MD Lieutenant Colonel, United States Marine
Chief, Sports Medicine Service Surgical Resident Corps
Center for Shoulder, Elbow and Sports Cleveland Clinic Orthopedic Surgeon, San Antonio Military
Medicine Weston, Florida Medical Center
New York Presbyterian/Columbia University Fort Sam Houston, Texas
Medical Center Champ L. Baker, Jr., MD
New York, New York Hughston Clinic Christopher L. Camp, MD
Columbus, Georgia Sports Medicine Center
Shahryar Ahmadi, MD, FRCSC Mayo Clinic Department of Orthopedics
Assistant Professor of Orthopaedics Champ L. Baker III, MD Rochester, Minnesota
Director, Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Hughston Clinic
Department of Orthopaedics Columbus, Georgia Brian T. Carlsen, MD
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Associate Professor
Little Rock, Arkansas José R. Ballesteros-Betancourt, MD Plastic and Orthopedic Surgery
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Mayo Clinic
Eloy Dario Tabeayo Alvarez, MD Traumatology Rochester, Minnesota
Shoulder and Elbow Unit Hospital Clínic Barcelona;
Department of Orthopedic Surgery Faculty of Medicine Andrea Celli, MD
Hospital Universitario La Paz University of Barcelona Shoulder and Elbow Unit
Madrid, Spain Macro and Micro-Dissection and Surgical Hesperia Hospital
Anatomy Laboratory, Human Anatomy Modena, Italy
Kai-Nan An, PhD and Embryology Department
Professor Emeritus Barcelona, Spain Charalambos P. Charalambous, MBChB,
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine MSc, MD, FRCS (Tr & Orth)
Rochester, Minnesota Raul Barco, MD, PhD Honorary Professor
Shoulder and Elbow Unit Consultant in Trauma and Orthopaedics
James R. Andrews, MD Department of Orthopedic Surgery School of Medicine
The Andrews Institute Hospital Universitario La Paz University of Central Lancashire
Gulf Breeze, Florida Madrid, Spain Preston, United Kingdom;
Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics
Karen L. Andrews, MD Jonathan D. Barlow, MD, MS Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
Associate Professor Assistant Professor Blackpool, United Kingdom
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department of Orthopedics
Mayo Clinic Division of Shoulder Surgery Neal Chen, MD
Rochester, Minnesota The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Assistant Professor
Center Sports Medicine Harvard Medical School;
Samuel Antuña, MD, PhD, FEBOT Columbus, Ohio Massachusetts General Hospital
Chief, Shoulder and Elbow Unit Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Orthopedic Surgery Joseph M. Bestic, MD Boston, Massachusetts
Hospital Universitario La Paz; Assistant Professor of Radiology
Orthopaedic Department Diagnostic Radiology Emilie Cheung, MD
Hospital La Paz Mayo Clinic Associate Professor
Madrid, Spain Jacksonville, Florida Orthopedic Surgery
Stanford University
Palo Alto, California
vi
Contributors vii
Akin Cil, MD Neal S. ElAttrache, MD Justin L. Hodgins, MD
Franklin D. Dickson Associate Professor of Associate Clinical Professor Orthopaedic Surgeon
Orthopaedics Department of Orthopaedics Rouge Valley Health System
University of Missouri-Kansas City Keck School of Medicine Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Truman Medical Centers University of Southern California;
Kansas City, Missouri Director, Sports Medicine Terese T. Horlocker, MD
Fellowship, Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic Professor of Anesthesiology and
John E. Conway, MD Los Angeles, California Orthopaedics
Team Orthopedic Consultant Department of Anesthesiology
Texas Christian University and University of Bassem T. Elhassan, MD Mayo Clinic
Texas at Arlington Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota
Medical Director Rochester, Minnesota
Texas Health Ben Hogan Sports Medicine Jeffery S. Hughes, MBBS, FRACS
Orthopedic Specialty Associates Larry D. Field, MD Orthopaedic Consultant
Texas Health Physicians Group Orthopaedic Physician North Shore Private Hospital
Fort Worth, Texas Mississippi Sports Medicine and Sydney, Australia
Orthopaedic Center
Roger Cornwall, MD Jackson, Mississippi Carrie Y. Inwards, MD
Associate Professor Professor of Pathology
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Antonio M. Foruria, MD, PhD Department of Laboratory Medicine
Department of Developmental Biology Shoulder and Elbow Reconstructive Surgery Division of Anatomic Pathology
Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Unit Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
Center Head, Orthopedic Surgery Department Rochester, Minnesota
Cincinnati, Ohio Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital
Associate Professor of Orthopedics In-Ho Jeon, MD, PhD
Omkar H. Dave, MD Surgery Department Professor
Omkar Dave MD PLLC Autonoma University Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Orthopedic Surgery, Sports Medicine, and Madrid, Spain Asan Medical Centre, School of Medicine,
Arthroscopy University of Ulsan
Houston, Texas Hillary W. Garner, MD Seoul, South Korea
Assistant Professor
Joshua S. Dines, MD Department of Radiology Srinath Kamineni, MD, FRCS-Orth
Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service Mayo Clinic Professor of Bioengineering
Hospital for Special Surgery Jacksonville, Florida Brunel University School of Engineering
New York, New York and Design;
Robert U. Hartzler, MD, MS Consultant Elbow, Shoulder, Upper Limb
Karan Dua, MD Assistant Clinical Professor Surgeon, and Clinical Lead
Research Fellow University of the Incarnate Word School of Upper Limb Unit
Department of Orthopaedics Osteopathic Medicine Cromwell Hospital
University of Maryland Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon London, United Kingdom
Baltimore, Maryland The San Antonio Orthopaedic Group
San Antonio, Texas Graham J.W. King, MD, MSc, FRCSC
Thomas R. Duquin, MD Professor
Assistant Professor John W. Hinchey, MD Department of Surgery
Department of Orthopaedics Assistant Chief of Orthopaedic Surgery Western University;
University at Buffalo Shoulder & Elbow Fellowship, VA Site Director
Buffalo, New York Director St. Joseph’s Health Centre
South Texas Veterans’ Health Care System; Roth McFarlane Hand and Upper Limb
Anil K. Dutta, MD Adjunct Associate Professor, Orthopaedic Centre
Associate Professor Surgery London, Ontario, Canada
Orthopedic Surgery University of Texas Health Science Center at
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio Jeffrey C. King, MD
San Antonio San Antonio, Texas Clinical Associate Professor
San Antonio, Texas Western Michigan University
E. Rhett Hobgood, MD Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine
Eric W. Edmonds, MD Mississippi Sports Medicine and Kalamazoo, Michigan
Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Orthopaedic Center
University of California San Diego; Jackson, Mississippi
Director, 360 Sports Medicine
Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego
San Diego, California
viii Contributors
Joyce S.B. Koh, MD Robert L. Lennon, DO Steven L. Moran, MD
Senior Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon Associate Professor of Anesthesiology Professor and Chair of Plastic Surgery
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Mayo Medical School; Professor of Orthopedic Surgery
Singapore General Hospital Supplemental Consultant Mayo Clinic
Singhealth Regional Health System Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota
Singapore Rochester, Minnesota
Bernard F. Morrey, MD
Sandra L. Kopp, MD Kevin J. Little, MD Professor
Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology Director, Pediatric Hand and Upper Department of Orthopedic Surgery
Mayo Clinic Extremity Center Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Rochester, Minnesota;
Center; Professor of Orthopedics
Young W. Kwon, MD, PhD Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Texas Health Science Center
Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Cincinnati School of Medicine San Antonio, Texas
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Cincinnati, Ohio
New York University School of Medicine Mark E. Morrey, MD, MSc
New York, New York Manuel Llusá-Pérez, MD, PhD Assistant Professor of Orthopedics
Professor of Human Anatomy and Department of Orthopedic Surgery
Mikko Larsen, MD, PhD Embryology Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
Consultant Plastic Surgeon Barcelona Medical School Rochester, Minnesota
Department of Plastic Surgery Department of Anatomy;
Launceston General Hospital Head of Trauma Unit Michael R. Moynagh, MBBAOBCh,
Launceston, Tasmania, Australia Hospital Clinic, Barcelona FFRRCSI, MRCSI
Trauma and Orthopaedics Assistant Professor of Radiology
Susan G. Larson, MS, PhD Barcelona, Spain Department of Radiology
Professor Mayo Clinic
Department of Anatomical Sciences Harvinder S. Luthra, MD Rochester, Minnesota
Stony Brook University School of Medicine John Finn Professor of Medicine
Stony Brook, New York Division of Rheumatology Robert Nirschl, MD, MS
Mayo Clinic Founder Chairman Emeritus
Lisa Lattanza, MD Rochester, Minnesota Nirschl Orthopaedic Center;
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Senior Orthopaedic Surgeon Emeritus,
Chief, Division of Hand, Elbow and Upper Alex A. Malone, MBBS, FRCS (Tr & Virginia Hospital Center
Extremity Surgery Orth), FRACS Arlington, Virginia;
Orthopaedic Surgery Senior Clinical Lecturer Clinical Associate
University of California San Francisco Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Professor Emeritus
San Francisco, California; Musculoskeletal Medicine Georgetown University Medical Center
Consultant Surgeon University of Otago Washington, DC
Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery Christchurch, New Zealand
Shriners Hospital of Northern California Michael J. O’Brien, MD
Sacramento, California Pierre Mansat, MD, PhD Assistant Professor of Orthopaedics
Professor of Orthopedics and Traumatology Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Thomas Lawrence, MD, MSc, Department of Orthopedics and Tulane University School of Medicine
FRCS(T&O) Traumatology New Orleans, Louisiana
Consultant Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon University Hospital of Toulouse
Trauma and Orthopaedics Toulouse, France Shawn W. O’Driscoll, MD, PhD
University Hospital Coventry and Professor of Orthopedic Surgery
Warwickshire Thomas G. Mason, MD Mayo Clinic
Coventry, United Kingdom Rheumatology Rochester, Minnesota
Mayo Clinic
Brian P. Lee, MD Rochester, Minnesota Panayiotis J. Papagelopoulos, MD, DSc
Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon Professor and Chairman
Orthopaedic Associates Amy L. McIntosh, MD First Department of Orthopaedics
Mount Elizabeth Hospital; Associate Professor of Orthopedic Surgery Athens University Medical School
Visiting Consultant Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children Attikon University General Hospital
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Dallas, Texas Athens, Greece
Singapore General Hospital
Singapore Robert Nelson Mead, MD, MBA
Tulane University School of Medicine
New Orleans, Louisiana
Contributors ix
Rick Papandrea, MD Felix H. “Buddy” Savoie III, MD Jarrod R. Smith, MD
Partner Ray J. Haddad Professor and Chair of President
Orthopedic Associates of Wisconsin Orthopaedic Surgery Smith Orthopedics & Sports Medicine, PSC
Pewaukee, Wisconsin; Tulane University School of Medicine Ashland, Kentucky
Assistant Clinical Professor New Orleans, Louisiana
Orthopaedic Surgery Jay Smith, MD
Medical College of Wisconsin Olga D. Savvidou, MD Professor of Physical Medicine &
Milwaukee, Wisconsin Associate Professor Rehabilitation
First Department of Orthopaedics Departments of Physical Medicine and
Hamlet A. Peterson, MD, MS Athens University Medical School Rehabilitation
Emeritus Professor of Orthopedic Surgery Attikon University General Hospital Radiology and Anatomy
Mayo Medical School; Athens, Greece Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
Emeritus Consultant in Orthopedic Surgery Rochester, Minnesota
Emeritus Chair Pediatric Orthopedics Erin M. Scanlon, MD
Mayo Clinic Rheumatology Jeremy S. Somerson, MD
Rochester, Minnesota Mayo Clinic Assistant Professor
Rochester, Minnesota Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and
Samantha Lee Piper, MD Rehabilitation
Orthopedic Hand and Upper Extremity Alberto G. Schneeberger, MD University of Texas Medical Branch
Surgery Consultant Galveston, Texas
Southern California Permanente Medical Privatdozent at University of Zurich
Group Endoclinic Zurich, Klinik Hirslanden Robert J. Spinner, MD
San Diego, California Zurich, Switzerland Chairman
Department of Neurologic Surgery
Adam M. Pourcho, DO Benjamin W. Sears, MD Burton M. Onofrio Professor of
Instructor of Sports Medicine Orthopaedic Surgeon Neurosurgery
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Western Orthopaedics Professor of Orthopedics and Anatomy
Swedish Medical Group Denver, Colorado Mayo Clinic School of Medicine
Seattle, Washington Rochester, Minnesota
Adam J. Seidl, MD
Matthew L. Ramsey, MD Assistant Professor Anthony A. Stans, MD
Professor Orthopedic Surgery Chair, Division of Pediatric Orthopedics
Orthopaedic Surgery University of Colorado Department of Orthopedic Surgery
Thomas Jefferson University and Rothman Aurora, Colorado Mayo Clinic
Institute Rochester, Minnesota
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania William J. Shaughnessy, MS, MD
Pediatric Orthopedics and Scoliosis Surgery Scott P. Steinmann, MD
Nicholas G. Rhodes, MD Department of Orthopedic Surgery Professor of Orthopedic Surgery
Senior Associate Consultant Mayo Clinic Mayo Clinic and Mayo Clinic Health System
Department of Radiology Rochester, Minnesota Rochester, Minnesota
Mayo Clinic Austin, Minnesota
Rochester, Minnesota Alexander Y. Shin, MD
Professor of Orthopedic and Neurologic Matthew T. Stepanovich, MD
David Ring, MD, PhD Surgery Clinical Fellow
Associate Dean for Comprehensive Care Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Pediatric Orthopaedic and Scoliosis
Professor of Surgery and Perioperative Care Consultant, Division of Hand Surgery Fellowship
The University of Texas at Austin–Dell Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego
Medical School Mayo Clinic San Diego, California
Austin, Texas Rochester, Minnesota
Philipp N. Streubel, MD
Joaquin Sanchez-Sotelo, MD, PhD Thomas C. Shives, MD Assistant Professor
Professor Professor Orthopaedic Surgery
Department of Orthopedic Surgery Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Nebraska Medical Center
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Mayo Clinic Omaha, Nebraska
Consultant Rochester, Minnesota
Division of Adult Reconstruction Jo Suenghwan, MD, PhD
Department of Orthopedic Surgery Juan P. Simone, MD Assistant Professor
Mayo Clinic Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon Department of Orthopaedics
Rochester, Minnesota Orthopedic Surgery Chosun University
Hospital Alemán Gwangju, South Korea
Buenos Aires, Argentina
x Contributors
Andrew R. Thoreson, MS Roger P. van Riet, MD, PhD Jacqueline S. Weisbein, DO
Biomechanics Laboratory Elbow Surgeon Partner and Medical Director
Division of Orthopedic Research Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Napa Pain Institute
Rochester, Minnesota Fellowship Director Napa, California
President of the Belgian Elbow and
Thomas W. (Quin) Throckmorton, MD Shoulder Society Daniel E. Wessell, MD, PhD
Professor Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Department of Radiology
Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Traumatology Mayo Clinic
University of Tennessee Campbell Clinic AZ Monica Jacksonville, Florida
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Antwerp
Memphis, Tennessee Antwerp, Belgium Ken Yamaguchi, MD
Sam and Marilyn Fox Distinguished
Nho V. Tran, MD Ilya Voloshin, MD Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery
Associate Professor of Plastic Surgery Professor of Orthopaedics Chief, Shoulder and Elbow Service
Mayo Clinic Director, Shoulder and Elbow Division Washington University School of Medicine
Rochester, Minnesota Department of Orthopaedics St. Louis, Missouri
University of Rochester Medical Center
Ann E. Van Heest, MD Rochester, New York Dan A. Zlotolow, MD
Professor Associate Professor of Orthopaedics
Department of Orthopedic Surgery Carley Vuillermin, MBBS, FRACS Temple University School of Medicine;
University of Minnesota; Instructor in Orthopaedic Surgery Attending Physician
Gillette Children’s Specialty Healthcare Harvard Medical School; Shriners Hospital for Children
Shriners Hospital for Children—Twin Cities Staff Orthopaedic Surgeon Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Minneapolis, Minnesota Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Boston Children’s Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts