Morphologies of Asia and Africa Morphologies of Asia and Africa Volume 1 Edited by Alan S. Kaye Winona Lake, Indiana Eisenbrauns 2007 ç Copyright 2007 by Eisenbrauns. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Morphologies of Asia and Africa / edited by Alan S. Kaye. v. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN-13: 978-1-57506-110-8 (volume 1; hardback : alk. paper) ISBN-13: 978-1-57506-111-5 (volume 2; hardback : alk. paper) ISBN-13: 978-1-57506-109-2 (set, both volumes; hardback : alk. paper) 1. Asia—Languages—Morphology. 2. Africa—Languages— Morphology. I. Kaye, Alan S. P381.A75M67 2007 409.5—dc22 2007015036 The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. †‘ Dedicated to My teachers Murray B. Emeneau (1904–2005) University of California, Berkeley Wolf Leslau (1906–2006) University of California, Los Angeles Contents Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii Volume 1 Part 1 Afroasiatic Languages Semitic Languages: Ancient East Semitic 1 Akkadian Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 I. M. Diakonoff† and L. E. Kogan Central Semitic 2 Ugaritic Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Dennis Pardee Northwest Semitic 3 Phoenician and Punic Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Stanislav Segert† 4 Ancient Hebrew Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Gary A. Rendsburg 5 The Morphology of Babylonian Jewish Aramaic . . . . . . . . . . 107 Geoffrey Khan 6 Old Aramaic Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Stanislav Segert† 7 Syriac Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 T. Muraoka 8 Mandaic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Rainer Voigt South Semitic 9 Epigraphic South Arabian Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 L. E. Kogan and A. V. Korotayev 10 Classical Ethiopic (Geºez) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Rainer Voigt Semitic Languages: Modern Central Semitic 11 Arabic Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 Alan S. Kaye 12 Moroccan Arabic Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 Jeffrey Heath - vii - viii Contents 13 Maltese Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 Robert D. Hoberman Northwest Semitic 14 Israeli Hebrew Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 Shmuel Bolozky 15 The Morphology of Neo-Aramaic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 Geoffrey Khan 16 Amharic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 Wolf Leslau† South Semitic 17 Tigrinya Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381 L. E. Kogan 18 Chaha (Gurage) Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403 Sharon Rose Berber Languages 19 Berber Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429 Maarten Kossmann Cushitic Languages 20 Beja Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447 David L. Appleyard 21 Bilin Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481 David L. Appleyard 22 Gawwada Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505 Mauro Tosco 23 Highland East Cushitic Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529 Grover Hudson 24 Somali Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 547 John I. Saeed Chadic Languages 25 Bade Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 587 Russell G. Schuh 26 Glavda Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 641 Bello Buba and Jonathan Owens 27 Hausa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 677 Paul Newman 28 Mokilko Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 713 Herrmann Jungraithmayr Omotic Languages 29 Topics in Omotic Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 729 M. Lionel Bender Contents ix Volume 2 Part 2 Indo-European Languages Anatolian Languages 30 Hittite Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 755 H. Craig Melchert Indo-Iranian Languages Indo-Aryan Languages: Ancient 31 Sanskrit Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 775 George Cardona Indo-Aryan Languages: Modern 32 Gujarati Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 825 P. J. Mistry Iranian Languages: Ancient 33 Avestan and Old Persian Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 853 Prods Oktor Skjærvø 34 Pahlavi Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 941 Dieter Weber Iranian Languages: Modern 35 Persian Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 975 John R. Perry 36 Kurdish Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1021 Ernest M. McCarus Armenian Subbranch 37 Classical Armenian Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1051 Jared Klein Part 3 Nilo-Saharan Languages 38 Kanuri Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1089 Norbert Cyffer Part 4 Niger-Congo Languages 39 Swahili Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1129 Ellen Contini-Morava Part 5 Altaic Languages 40 Turkish Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1161 Bernard Comrie
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