Morphological Autonomy: Perspectives from Romance Inflectional Morphology

690 Pages·2011·3.889 MB·English

by  Martin Maiden, John Charles Smith, Maria Goldbach, Marc-Olivier Hinzelin

Title Pages
Morphological Autonomy: Perspectives From
Romance Inflectional Morphology
Martin Maiden, John Charles Smith, Maria Goldbach, and Marc-Olivier
Hinzelin
Print publication date: 2011
Print ISBN-13: 9780199589982
Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: January 2012
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199589982.001.0001
Title Pages
(p.i) Morphological Autonomy
(p.ii) (p.iii) Morphological Autonomy
(p.iv)
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Title Pages
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© 2011 editorial matter and organization Martin Maiden, John
Charles Smith, Maria Goldbach, Marc‐Olivier Hinzelin
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Preface and Acknowledgements
Morphological Autonomy: Perspectives From
Romance Inflectional Morphology
Martin Maiden, John Charles Smith, Maria Goldbach, and Marc-Olivier
Hinzelin
Print publication date: 2011
Print ISBN-13: 9780199589982
Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: January 2012
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199589982.001.0001
(p.vii) Preface and Acknowledgements
This book arises out of the research project ‘Autonomous Morphology in
Diachrony: Comparative Evidence from the Romance Languages’, directed by
Martin Maiden and John Charles Smith, at the University of Oxford, with a
research team consisting of Silvio Cruschina, Maria Goldbach, Marc‐Olivier
Hinzelin, Paul O'Neill, and Andrew Swearingen. The editors acknowledge
funding from the Arts and Humanities Research Council (grant no. AH/
D503396/1). The volume has benefited greatly from discussions with Mark
Aronoff and Michele Loporcaro. For indispensable comments on parts of the text
we are indebted to Louise Esher and Steven Kaye, as well as to two anonymous
referees. Finally, we wish to thank the editorial team at Oxford University Press,
especially John Davey and Julia Steer, for their unflagging assistance and
support.
Oxford
11 March 2010
Page 1 of 1
List of Figures
Morphological Autonomy: Perspectives From
Romance Inflectional Morphology
Martin Maiden, John Charles Smith, Maria Goldbach, and Marc-Olivier
Hinzelin
Print publication date: 2011
Print ISBN-13: 9780199589982
Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: January 2012
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199589982.001.0001
(p.viii) List of Figures
Figure 1.1: ‘Raeto‐Rumantsch’ 14
Figure 4.1: Regular distribution of different types of morpho‐syntactic
features 71
Figure 4.2: Different types of morpho‐syntactic features always producing
the same form 72
Figure 4.3: The grammar model of Distributed Morphology 82
Figure 4.4: Morpho‐syntactic structure for vocabulary insertion of a
preterite verb form 84
Figure 7.1: KSOM: a) spatial connection layer; b) spatial neighbourhood
function 143
Figure 7.2: KSOM: a) dataset; b) untrained network; c) trained network;
d) node labelling 144
Figure 7.3: THSOM: temporal connection layer 144
Figure 7.4: THSOM's temporal layer plasticity: a) Long Term Potentiation;
b) Long Term Depression 145
Figure 7.5: T2HSOM's temporal layer plasticity: a) Long Term
Potentiation; b,c) Long Term Depression 146
Figure 7.6: A T2HSOM trained on Italian present indicative verb forms
150
Figure 7.7: The underlying structure of Italian present indicative cells 151
Figure 7.8: Stem‐ending connections in the present indicative of
ARRIVARE 152
Figure 7.9: The underlying structure of French present indicative cells
153
Figure 7.10: Stem‐ending connections in the present indicative of AIMER
153
Figure 7.11: Intra‐paradigmatic association strength in Italian and French
155
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List of Figures
Figure 7.12: Average per‐word entropy in processing Italian and French
verb forms 156
Figure 8.1: Reaction times (‘y’ axis) by priming and stem conditions 176
Figure 8.2: Reaction times (‘y’ axis) by prime type for the Formal Overlap
Condition 178
Figure 11.1: Daman Creole Portuguese and Korlai Creole Portuguese,
spoken in the west‐coast of India 237
Figure 13.1: The three ‘levels’ of Stump's model 294
Page 2 of 2
List of Maps
Morphological Autonomy: Perspectives From
Romance Inflectional Morphology
Martin Maiden, John Charles Smith, Maria Goldbach, and Marc-Olivier
Hinzelin
Print publication date: 2011
Print ISBN-13: 9780199589982
Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: January 2012
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199589982.001.0001
(p.ix) List of Maps
Map 13.1: ALF 27 allons 299
Map 13.2: ALF 28 iras 300
Map 13.3: ALF 507 êtes 302
Map 13.4: ALLR 1034 êtes 303
Map 13.5: ALF 510 était 304
Page 1 of 1
Notes on Contributors
Morphological Autonomy: Perspectives From
Romance Inflectional Morphology
Martin Maiden, John Charles Smith, Maria Goldbach, and Marc-Olivier
Hinzelin
Print publication date: 2011
Print ISBN-13: 9780199589982
Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: January 2012
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199589982.001.0001
(p.x) Notes on Contributors
STEPHEN R. ANDERSON is Professor of Linguistics and Cognitive Science at
Yale University. He has been President of the Linguistic Society of America and
is Vice‐President of the Comité International Permanent des Linguistes. His main
research interests lie in general linguistic theory, historical linguistics, and the
history of linguistics. He has developed a view of word structure known as A‐
Morphous Morphology. Currently, he is conducting research on the Surmiran
form of Rumantsch.
MARK ARONOFF is Professor of Linguistics and Vice‐Provost for Undergraduate
Education at Stony Brook University, where he has taught since receiving his
Ph.D. many years ago from MIT. The central focus of his research has always
been on morphology. For the last decade, he has also worked on sign languages,
with special interest in the emergence of structure in new sign languages.
During the same period, he has been deeply involved in improving
undergraduate education, especially within research universities. Besides
undertaking research, he has served as Editor of the journal Language,
President of the Linguistic Society of America, and Chair of the section on
Linguistics and the Language Sciences of the AAAS. He is a Fellow of both the
AAAS and the Linguistic Society of America.
BASILIO CALDERONE (Ph.D. Linguistics, 2008, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa)
is a Post‐Doctoral Research Fellow at the MoDyCo laboratory at the University of
Paris X. His interests include unsupervised machine language learning and the
psycho‐computational modelling of linguistic knowledge with particular
emphasis on the acquisition of morphology and phonology.
Page 1 of 5
Notes on Contributors
MARCELLO FERRO (Ph.D. Automatics, Robotics and Bioengineering, 2006, Pisa
University) was Post‐Doctoral Fellow in Bioengineering at the Interdepartmental
Research Center E. Piaggio of the Faculty of Engineering of the University of
Pisa and is currently a member of the Dynamics of Language Laboratory at the
Antonio Zampolli Institute for Computational Linguistics of the CNR in Pisa. His
areas of scientific interest include artificial intelligence for biomimetic robotics,
computational neurosciences, artificial neural networks, sensing and actuation,
interfaces, biometrics, data analysis, and signal processing.
SASCHA GAGLIA is Junior Professor of Romance Linguistics at the University of
Göttingen. He worked as a Research Assistant and as a Lecturer at the (p.xi)
University of Konstanz, where he completed his dissertation (2009), entitled
‘Metaphonie in kampanischen Dialekt von Piedimonte Matese. Eine Analyse an
der Schnittstelle zwischen Phonologie Morphologie und Lexikon.’ His main fields
of research are the morphology–phonology interface as well as the interface
between morphology and syntax in Italo‐ and Gallo‐Romance dialects. Further he
investigates the morphology–prosody interface with respect to bilingual children
(German–Italian).
MARIA GOLDBACH studied the linguistics of the Romance languages at the
Universities of Aix‐en‐Provence and Hamburg. She was Assistant Professor for
the Linguistics of Romance Languages at the University of Hamburg. Currently,
she is a Research Assistant on the research project ‘Autonomous Morphology in
Diachrony: Comparative Evidence from the Romance Languages’ at the
University of Oxford.
MARC‐OLIVIER HINZELIN studied Romance (French, Spanish, Catalan, and
Portuguese), German, General Linguistics, and Phonetics at the Universities of
Hamburg and Lyon 2. He worked as a Research Assistant at Research Centres in
Hamburg and Konstanz, where he completed his doctoral thesis on ‘The Position
of Clitic Object Pronouns in Romance Languages’. He has worked in the
research project ‘Autonomous Morphology in Diachrony: Comparative Evidence
from the Romance Languages’ in Oxford and he is now Lecturer in Romance
Linguistics at the University of Hamburg as well as an Academic Visitor and
Consultant in Oxford.
RAFAEL LINARES graduated in Arts from the Central University of Venezuela in
1996. His interest in semiotics (and mostly the linguistics behind it) led him to
an MA in Applied Linguistics at the Simón Bolívar University (also in Venezuela),
which he obtained in 2000. During his MA, a course in Psycholinguistics and
Neurolinguistics decided his vocational destination in academic life. After
securing a scholarship, he applied to do a Ph.D. in Psycholinguistics and
Neurolinguistics under the supervision of Harald Clahsen at the University of
Essex. He obtained his Ph.D. in 2007.
Page 2 of 5
Notes on Contributors
MICHELE LOPORCARO is Professor of Romance Linguistics at the University of
Zurich. His research interests include the phonology, morphology, and syntax of
Italo‐Romance varieties, historical Romance linguistics, and linguistic
historiography.
ANA R. LUÍS is Assistant Professor in the Department of Languages, Cultures
and Literatures at the University of Coimbra. She obtained her Ph.D. in
Linguistics from the University of Essex and has been working primarily in
(p.xii) the field of Portuguese inflectional morphology and cliticization, with
additional interests in morpho‐syntax, morpho‐phonology, and language contact.
MARTIN MAIDEN is Professor of the Romance Languages at the University of
Oxford, Director of the Research Centre for Romance Linguistics, University of
Oxford, Fellow of Trinity College at Oxford and a Fellow of the British Academy.
His main research interests are historical and comparative linguistics of the
Romance Languages, especially Romanian and Italo‐Romance linguistics, and
morphological theory.
JUDITH MEINSCHAEFER is a Professor of Romance Linguistics at the
University of Würzburg. Her research interests lie in French, Italian, and
Spanish phonology and morphology from a comparative Romance perspective.
PAUL O'NEILL is a University Lecturer in Hispanic Linguistics at the University
of Sheffield and is also completing his D.Phil. at the University of Oxford
(Linacre College). His research interests include the history of Ibero‐Romance,
Ibero‐Romance dialectology, and the interface between phonetics and phonology
and morphological theory.
VITO PIRRELLI (Ph.D. Computational Linguistics, 1993, Salford University) is
Research Director at the Antonio Zampolli Institute for Computational
Linguistics of the CNR in Pisa, where he is head of the Dynamics of Language
Laboratory. He is the author of two monographs, two edited volumes, and
several journal and conference articles on computational and theoretical
linguistics, and his main research interests include computer models of the
mental lexicon, psycho‐computational models of morphology learning and
processing, and theoretical morphology.
CINZIA RUSSI received a Ph.D. in General Linguistics from the University of
Washington in 2003. She is currently Assistant Professor of Italian and Romance
Linguistics at the University of Texas at Austin, specializing in historical
linguistics. Her research interests lie in the grammaticalization of the Italian and
Romance clitic pronouns, the origin and evolution of Italian verbi
procomplementari, the analysis of Italian verbs denoting the notions of lack and
necessity, and the comparative study of inceptive, continuative, and terminative
aspectual verbs in Romance languages.
Page 3 of 5
Notes on Contributors
JOHN CHARLES SMITH has been Fellow and Tutor in French Linguistics at St
Catherine's College, Oxford since 1997. Before returning to Oxford, where he
was an undergraduate and graduate student, he held appointments at the
Universities of Surrey, Bath, and Manchester. He has also held visiting
appointments in Paris, Limoges, Berlin, Melbourne, and Philadelphia. His main
field of interest is historical morpho‐syntax, and he has published widely on
(p.xiii) agreement, refunctionalization, deixis, and the evolution of case and
pronoun systems, with particular reference to Romance, although he has also
worked on other language families, including Germanic and Austronesian. He is
Secretary of the International Society for Historical Linguistics, Deputy Director
of the University of Oxford Research Centre for Romance Linguistics, and co‐
editor of The Cambridge History of the Romance Languages. In 2007, he was
created chevalier dans l'ordre des Palmes académiques by the French
Government, for services to the French language and French culture.
ANDREW SWEARINGEN received a cand.mag. in Portuguese studies from the
University of Copenhagen. He is currently a member of the Research Centre for
Romance Linguistics at the University of Oxford, where he is the holder of an
AHRC‐funded D.Phil. studentship working on the morphology of Romance
imperatives, with particular focus on Gallo‐Romance, as part of the research
project ‘Autonomous Morphology in Diachrony: Comparative Evidence from the
Romance Languages’. Research interests include historical linguistics,
morphology, and lexical semantics.
CATHERINE TAYLOR was a software engineer before obtaining her MA in
English Language and Linguistics from the University of Essex, where she is
currently completing her Ph.D. in Linguistics. Her thesis focuses on stem
relations in the paradigm of the Romance verb.
ANNA M. THORNTON graduated from the University of Rome (La Sapienza) in
1983, and received a doctorate in Linguistics from the University of Pisa in
1989. She is currently Professor of General Linguistics at the University of
L'Aquila. She has published on several aspects of inflectional and derivational
morphology in Italian (inflectional classes, action nouns, conversion and zero‐
derivation, blending, word‐formation in onomastics, prosodic morphology,
reduplicative compounds), on gender assignment, and on sexism in language.
NIGEL VINCENT holds the Mont Follick Chair of Comparative Philology at the
University of Manchester, where he is also Associate Vice‐President for Research
and Graduate Education. He is a Fellow of the British Academy. His research
interests include the modelling of morpho‐syntactic change, feature‐based
approaches to morphology and syntax, especially Lexical‐Functional Grammar,
and the history and structure of Latin and the Romance languages, in particular
Italian and the dialects of Italy.
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