Molecular Pathology of Nervous System Tumors: Biological Stratification and Targeted Therapies PDF
Preview Molecular Pathology of Nervous System Tumors: Biological Stratification and Targeted Therapies
Molecular Pathology Library Series Editor: Philip T. Cagle Matthias A. Karajannis David Zagzag E ditors Molecular Pathology of Nervous System Tumors Biological Stratifi cation and Targeted Therapies MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY LIBRARY Philip T. Cagle, MD, Series Editor For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/7723 Matthias A. Karajannis (cid:129) David Zagzag Editors Molecular Pathology of Nervous System Tumors Biological Stratifi cation and Targeted Therapies Editors Matthias A. Karajannis David Zagzag Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Otolaryngology Professor of Pathology and Neurosurgery NYU Langone Medical Center NYU Langone Medical Center New York , NY , USA New York , NY , USA ISSN 1935-987X ISSN 1935-9888 (electronic) ISBN 978-1-4939-1829-4 ISBN 978-1-4939-1830-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-1830-0 Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2014955157 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifi cally for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. W hile the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) “To our patients, teachers, family, friends and colleagues.” Foreword I t is diffi cult to believe that in the space of my career so much progress has been made in the classifi cation and treatment of CNS tumors. Beginning in an era when with diagnoses were determined almost solely by light microscopy of H&E- stained sections, and treatments were almost devoid of specifi city, molecular features are increasingly instrumental to both diagnosis and treatment. Effective targeted approaches are now a reality for patients with some tumor types. Prepared by an international panel of experts, this authoritative volume concisely and authoritatively delineates this cur- rent state of affairs. Obstacles to targeted treatments are freely acknowledged, but a refreshing vein of optimism pervades this book about a subject that in previous eras seemed to have so little promise. As such, this very readable work is highly recom- mended as an introduction to the new era of neuro-oncology with its potential for effective care of patients with tumors hereto- fore so diffi cult to control. Peter C. Burger, M.D. vii Pref ace Recent advances in molecular biology and genetics have revolutionized our understanding of the biology that underlies the clinical diversity of nervous system tumors. The majority of these data have emerged from a number of large-scale genomic profi ling projects and groups, and facilitated by the availability of ever more powerful next-generation sequencing and molecular profi ling technologies. At the same time, functional studies have begun to characterize the biology of many of the molecular genetic alterations identifi ed, including novel oncogenic driver mutations. In parallel, the advances in stem cell biology have provided valuable insight into the evolution and progression of brain tumors, including glioblastoma. Functional and preclinical studies are also aided by an increasing number and sophistication of genetically engineered mouse models that recapitulate the development of specifi c tumor subtypes. Genomic profi ling of disease entities that had been previously classifi ed mainly through histomorphology and a limited set of immunohistochemical markers has revealed a diverse and complex biology of brain tumors. As a result, new molecular diagnostic tools are entering the fi eld of neuropathology at a rapid pace. Newly defi ned sub-entities that are driven by diver- gent oncogenic pathways have been recognized to show distinctive clinical behavior and will likely require tailored risk- stratifi cation and treatments. Molecular targeted therapies are increasingly entering clinical trials in neuro-oncology and hold promise for improving the outcome of patients with nervous system tumors, especially those that frequently recur despite aggressive multimodal therapy including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Molecular genetic testing that until very recently was limited to research labs is becoming increasingly available for routine clinical use. T his book is intended to be used as a comprehensive guide to the rapidly evolving fi eld of molecular neuropathology of nervous system tumors, as well as the underlying biology and emerging molecular targeted therapies. We hope that it will serve as a useful resource for physicians as well as clinical and laboratory scientists involved with or interested in the up-to-date diagnosis and treatment of patients with brain tumors. Accordingly, the target audience includes neuropathologists, neuro- oncologists, neurosurgeons, radiation oncologists, neurologists, neuroradiologists, as well as residents and fellows, who diag- nose and treat patients with nervous system tumors including tumors of the brain, spine, leptomeninges, and peripheral nerves. S pecial emphasis was given to already established and emerging molecular diagnostic tests in neuropathology, as well as molecular targeted therapies. The book is organized by clinicopathologic disease entities, and each chapter has been prepared by a team of authors to cover a full spectrum of expertise including neuropathology, molecular biology, and clinical manage- ment, with a focus on practical diagnostic and clinical considerations. New York, NY, USA Matthias A. Karajannis, M.D., M.S. David Zagzag, M.D., Ph.D. ix
The list of books you might like
